Stock Analysis on Net

Microsoft Corp. (NASDAQ:MSFT)

Cash Flow Statement 
Quarterly Data

The cash flow statement provides information about a company cash receipts and cash payments during an accounting period, showing how these cash flows link the ending cash balance to the beginning balance shown on the company balance sheet.

The cash flow statement consists of three parts: cash flows provided by (used in) operating activities, cash flows provided by (used in) investing activities, and cash flows provided by (used in) financing activities.

Microsoft Corp., consolidated cash flow statement (quarterly data)

US$ in millions

Microsoft Excel
3 months ended: Dec 31, 2025 Sep 30, 2025 Jun 30, 2025 Mar 31, 2025 Dec 31, 2024 Sep 30, 2024 Jun 30, 2024 Mar 31, 2024 Dec 31, 2023 Sep 30, 2023 Jun 30, 2023 Mar 31, 2023 Dec 31, 2022 Sep 30, 2022 Jun 30, 2022 Mar 31, 2022 Dec 31, 2021 Sep 30, 2021 Jun 30, 2021 Mar 31, 2021 Dec 31, 2020 Sep 30, 2020 Jun 30, 2020 Mar 31, 2020 Dec 31, 2019 Sep 30, 2019
Net income 38,458 27,747 27,233 25,824 24,108 24,667 22,036 21,939 21,870 22,291 20,081 18,299 16,425 17,556 16,740 16,728 18,765 20,505 16,458 15,457 15,463 13,893 11,202 10,752 11,649 10,678
Depreciation, amortization, and other 4,284 13,061 11,203 8,740 6,827 7,383 6,380 6,027 5,959 3,921 3,874 3,549 3,648 2,790 3,979 3,773 3,496 3,212 3,344 2,936 2,761 2,645 3,504 3,118 3,203 2,971
Stock-based compensation expense 3,219 2,983 3,073 2,980 3,089 2,832 2,696 2,703 2,828 2,507 2,416 2,465 2,538 2,192 1,997 1,906 1,897 1,702 1,571 1,525 1,566 1,456 1,349 1,338 1,340 1,262
Net recognized (gains) losses on investments and derivatives (5,017) (1,007) 56 (298) 976 (125) 44 49 198 14 44 (40) 214 (22) 157 105 (307) (364) (416) (351) (354) (128) (79) 52 (203) 11
Deferred income taxes 4,446 2,491 (2,221) (2,244) (1,158) (1,433) (1,145) (1,323) (1,702) (568) (1,888) (1,675) (1,305) (1,191) 283 (198) 183 (5,970) (34) (88) (17) (11) 447 (206) (53) (177)
Accounts receivable (3,436) 16,490 (16,179) (2,461) (5,978) 14,037 (13,246) (2,028) (2,951) 11,034 (11,244) (1,408) (3,164) 11,729 (12,634) 857 (5,543) 10,486 (11,606) 290 (4,008) 8,843 (9,355) 891 (4,203) 10,090
Inventories 70 (192) (81) 52 711 (373) 55 260 1,474 (505) 374 106 1,305 (543) (461) (279) 394 (777) (388) (329) 788 (808) (251) 181 799 (561)
Other current assets 619 (1,162) (3,686) 1,077 (353) (82) (2,528) 951 725 (796) (2,419) 1,152 (392) (332) (2,570) 91 830 940 (2,086) 478 730 (54) (2,151) 94 165 (438)
Other long-term assets (1,288) (394) 418 (518) (1,089) (1,761) (1,240) (2,137) (1,427) (2,013) (1,548) (554) (65) (666) (575) (724) (908) (598) (1,013) (885) (1,499) (62) (311) 124 (517) (333)
Accounts payable 1,197 (614) (652) 1,179 958 (916) 4,204 648 (2,521) 1,214 1,311 (407) (2,058) (1,567) 2,659 520 235 (471) 1,617 833 33 315 3,026 546 (7) (547)
Unearned revenue (7,483) (5,418) 18,361 (1,032) (6,338) (5,553) 15,657 (645) (5,538) (4,126) 14,224 (181) (5,186) (3,322) 12,546 (209) (4,343) (2,885) 11,397 (473) (3,227) (3,064) 8,776 (736) (2,936) (2,892)
Income taxes (920) (2,944) 1,043 1,298 (3,395) 1,016 (806) 2,622 (1,554) 1,425 681 1,414 (2,863) 410 (991) 1,091 (2,057) 2,653 (32) 1,074 (2,368) (983) (589) 765 (471) (3,336)
Other current liabilities 2,802 (5,507) 5,346 2,838 3,217 (5,479) 4,652 2,803 1,518 (4,106) 2,762 1,715 1,819 (4,024) 3,455 1,287 1,745 (4,143) 3,755 1,590 1,755 (2,951) 2,482 695 1,489 (3,320)
Other long-term liabilities (1,193) (477) (1,267) (391) 716 (33) 436 48 (26) 291 102 6 257 188 44 438 93 250 143 122 893 244 623 (110) 425 410
Changes in operating assets and liabilities (9,632) (218) 3,303 2,042 (11,551) 856 7,184 2,522 (10,300) 2,418 4,243 1,843 (10,347) 1,873 1,473 3,072 (9,554) 5,455 1,787 2,700 (6,903) 1,480 2,250 2,450 (5,256) (927)
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash from operations (2,700) 17,310 15,414 11,220 (1,817) 9,513 15,159 9,978 (3,017) 8,292 8,689 6,142 (5,252) 5,642 7,889 8,658 (4,285) 4,035 6,252 6,722 (2,947) 5,442 7,471 6,752 (969) 3,140
Net cash from operations 35,758 45,057 42,647 37,044 22,291 34,180 37,195 31,917 18,853 30,583 28,770 24,441 11,173 23,198 24,629 25,386 14,480 24,540 22,710 22,179 12,516 19,335 18,673 17,504 10,680 13,818
Proceeds from issuance (repayments) of debt, maturities of 90 days or less, net (5,746) (1,142) (3,810) (8,490) 18,692
Proceeds from issuance of debt 197 6,352 10,773 7,073
Cash premium on debt exchange (1,754) (3,417)
Repayments of debt (3,000) (2,250) (966) (13,065) (11,589) (2,916) (1,500) (1,000) (750) (1,000) (4,197) (4,826) (500) (3,250) (3,000) (18) (2,500)
Common stock issued 259 689 548 546 256 706 534 522 261 685 512 536 243 575 461 477 291 612 450 396 302 545 340 342 234 427
Common stock repurchased (7,415) (5,650) (4,546) (4,781) (4,986) (4,107) (4,210) (4,213) (4,000) (4,831) (5,704) (5,509) (5,459) (5,573) (8,757) (8,822) (7,433) (7,684) (7,177) (6,930) (6,535) (6,743) (5,791) (7,059) (5,206) (4,912)
Common stock cash dividends paid (6,762) (6,169) (6,169) (6,169) (6,170) (5,574) (5,574) (5,572) (5,574) (5,051) (5,054) (5,059) (5,066) (4,621) (4,632) (4,645) (4,652) (4,206) (4,214) (4,221) (4,230) (3,856) (3,865) (3,876) (3,886) (3,510)
Other, net (699) (669) (677) (382) (343) (889) (303) (498) (201) (307) (167) (258) (317) (264) (341) (158) (192) (172) (430) (183) 79 (235) 471 (1,052) (39) 286
Net cash from (used in) financing (17,617) (11,799) (10,844) (13,036) (11,243) (16,576) (23,563) (18,808) (10,147) 14,761 (11,413) (10,290) (11,349) (10,883) (13,269) (17,345) (11,986) (16,276) (11,371) (13,192) (13,634) (10,289) (12,262) (14,645) (8,915) (10,209)
Additions to property and equipment (29,876) (19,394) (17,079) (16,745) (15,804) (14,923) (13,873) (10,952) (9,735) (9,917) (8,943) (6,607) (6,274) (6,283) (6,871) (5,340) (5,865) (5,810) (6,452) (5,089) (4,174) (4,907) (4,744) (3,767) (3,545) (3,385)
Acquisition of companies, net of cash acquired and divestitures, and purchases of intangible and other assets (455) (578) (1,743) (981) (1,405) (1,849) (1,342) (1,575) (65,029) (1,186) (341) (301) (679) (349) (1,263) (18,719) (850) (1,206) (501) (7,512) (415) (481) (1,650) (329) (80) (462)
Purchases of investments (9,845) (17,671) (21,631) (4,474) (2,050) (1,620) (2,831) (2,183) (4,258) (8,460) (11,976) (9,063) (11,599) (5,013) (4,919) (8,723) (2,505) (10,309) (14,877) (18,375) (15,092) (14,580) (18,879) (15,910) (19,011) (23,390)
Maturities of investments 12,417 6,031 4,618 6,721 2,604 2,136 1,557 3,350 4,150 15,718 6,766 13,154 6,928 6,662 1,237 1,099 5,253 8,862 7,246 15,016 15,264 14,266 18,890 17,247 11,230 19,082
Sales of investments 5,691 3,262 2,621 2,161 2,559 1,968 2,023 1,941 1,600 5,330 5,629 1,239 4,775 2,711 3,225 16,693 2,895 5,630 3,297 5,876 2,421 2,414 3,162 2,810 5,370 6,379
Other, net (637) (6,209) 2,642 604 (16) (913) (382) (1,281) 1,347 (982) (269) (1,686) (301) (860) (1,138) (1,181) (89) (417) 434 400 327 (2,083) (1,241)
Net cash (used in) from investing (22,705) (34,559) (30,572) (12,714) (14,112) (15,201) (14,848) (10,700) (71,925) 503 (9,134) (3,264) (7,150) (3,132) (9,729) (16,171) (1,161) (3,250) (10,853) (9,684) (1,669) (5,371) (4,462) 51 (6,036) (1,776)
Effect of foreign exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents 11 (92) 183 52 (294) 122 (103) (80) 72 (99) (81) 29 88 (230) (198) 24 106 (73) 36 (33) 14 (46) (83) (64) 18 (72)
Net change in cash and cash equivalents (4,553) (1,393) 1,414 11,346 (3,358) 2,525 (1,319) 2,329 (63,147) 45,748 8,142 10,916 (7,238) 8,953 1,433 (8,106) 1,439 4,941 522 (730) (2,773) 3,629 1,866 2,846 (4,253) 1,761

Based on: 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-09-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2025-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-03-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-09-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2024-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-03-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-09-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-03-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-09-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-03-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-09-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-03-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2020-09-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2020-03-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2019-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2019-09-30).


The financial information reveals a complex pattern of cash flows over the analyzed period. Net income demonstrates a generally increasing trend, particularly from fiscal year 2021 onwards, with a significant surge in the final periods presented. However, this growth is not consistently reflected across all cash flow activities.

Operating Activities
Net cash generated from operating activities generally remains positive and exhibits an upward trend, although with some quarterly fluctuations. The period between September 2021 and December 2022 shows a noticeable decrease, followed by a strong recovery and continued growth. Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash from operations are consistently positive and contribute significantly to the overall cash flow from operations.
Investing Activities
Cash flow from investing activities is predominantly negative, driven by substantial purchases of investments and acquisitions of companies. A particularly large outflow is observed in the period ending December 2023, largely attributable to acquisitions. Maturities of investments provide a consistent inflow, partially offsetting the outflows, but are insufficient to result in positive net cash flow from investing. Additions to property and equipment also contribute to the negative cash flow, with increasing amounts spent in later periods.
Financing Activities
Net cash flow from financing activities is consistently negative throughout the majority of the period. This is primarily due to significant common stock repurchases and dividend payments, which consistently outweigh proceeds from the issuance of common stock and debt. A notable positive inflow is observed in the period ending September 2025, likely due to a large debt issuance, but this is followed by continued negative cash flow. Repayments of debt are also a consistent outflow.
Key Components & Trends
Depreciation, amortization, and stock-based compensation consistently contribute positive cash flow from operations. Deferred income taxes show considerable variability, with both positive and negative impacts on cash flow. Accounts receivable demonstrates significant fluctuations, indicating potential changes in credit policies or collection efficiency. Unearned revenue also exhibits substantial variability, suggesting shifts in revenue recognition patterns. The effect of foreign exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents is relatively small but consistently present.

Overall, the company demonstrates strong profitability as indicated by net income. However, its cash flow profile is heavily influenced by significant investments in acquisitions, stock repurchases, and dividend payments. While operating activities generate substantial cash, it is largely offset by these investing and financing activities, resulting in a complex and dynamic cash flow pattern.

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