Stock Analysis on Net

Microsoft Corp. (NASDAQ:MSFT)

Cash Flow Statement 
Quarterly Data

The cash flow statement provides information about a company cash receipts and cash payments during an accounting period, showing how these cash flows link the ending cash balance to the beginning balance shown on the company balance sheet.

The cash flow statement consists of three parts: cash flows provided by (used in) operating activities, cash flows provided by (used in) investing activities, and cash flows provided by (used in) financing activities.

Microsoft Corp., consolidated cash flow statement (quarterly data)

US$ in millions

Microsoft Excel
3 months ended: Mar 31, 2026 Dec 31, 2025 Sep 30, 2025 Jun 30, 2025 Mar 31, 2025 Dec 31, 2024 Sep 30, 2024 Jun 30, 2024 Mar 31, 2024 Dec 31, 2023 Sep 30, 2023 Jun 30, 2023 Mar 31, 2023 Dec 31, 2022 Sep 30, 2022 Jun 30, 2022 Mar 31, 2022 Dec 31, 2021 Sep 30, 2021 Jun 30, 2021 Mar 31, 2021 Dec 31, 2020 Sep 30, 2020 Jun 30, 2020 Mar 31, 2020 Dec 31, 2019 Sep 30, 2019
Net income 31,778 38,458 27,747 27,233 25,824 24,108 24,667 22,036 21,939 21,870 22,291 20,081 18,299 16,425 17,556 16,740 16,728 18,765 20,505 16,458 15,457 15,463 13,893 11,202 10,752 11,649 10,678
Depreciation, amortization, and other 10,167 4,284 13,061 11,203 8,740 6,827 7,383 6,380 6,027 5,959 3,921 3,874 3,549 3,648 2,790 3,979 3,773 3,496 3,212 3,344 2,936 2,761 2,645 3,504 3,118 3,203 2,971
Stock-based compensation expense 3,081 3,219 2,983 3,073 2,980 3,089 2,832 2,696 2,703 2,828 2,507 2,416 2,465 2,538 2,192 1,997 1,906 1,897 1,702 1,571 1,525 1,566 1,456 1,349 1,338 1,340 1,262
Net recognized (gains) losses on investments and derivatives (1,280) (5,017) (1,007) 56 (298) 976 (125) 44 49 198 14 44 (40) 214 (22) 157 105 (307) (364) (416) (351) (354) (128) (79) 52 (203) 11
Deferred income taxes 2,602 4,446 2,491 (2,221) (2,244) (1,158) (1,433) (1,145) (1,323) (1,702) (568) (1,888) (1,675) (1,305) (1,191) 283 (198) 183 (5,970) (34) (88) (17) (11) 447 (206) (53) (177)
Accounts receivable (4,707) (3,436) 16,490 (16,179) (2,461) (5,978) 14,037 (13,246) (2,028) (2,951) 11,034 (11,244) (1,408) (3,164) 11,729 (12,634) 857 (5,543) 10,486 (11,606) 290 (4,008) 8,843 (9,355) 891 (4,203) 10,090
Inventories (161) 70 (192) (81) 52 711 (373) 55 260 1,474 (505) 374 106 1,305 (543) (461) (279) 394 (777) (388) (329) 788 (808) (251) 181 799 (561)
Other current assets 758 619 (1,162) (3,686) 1,077 (353) (82) (2,528) 951 725 (796) (2,419) 1,152 (392) (332) (2,570) 91 830 940 (2,086) 478 730 (54) (2,151) 94 165 (438)
Other long-term assets (932) (1,288) (394) 418 (518) (1,089) (1,761) (1,240) (2,137) (1,427) (2,013) (1,548) (554) (65) (666) (575) (724) (908) (598) (1,013) (885) (1,499) (62) (311) 124 (517) (333)
Accounts payable 2,320 1,197 (614) (652) 1,179 958 (916) 4,204 648 (2,521) 1,214 1,311 (407) (2,058) (1,567) 2,659 520 235 (471) 1,617 833 33 315 3,026 546 (7) (547)
Unearned revenue (166) (7,483) (5,418) 18,361 (1,032) (6,338) (5,553) 15,657 (645) (5,538) (4,126) 14,224 (181) (5,186) (3,322) 12,546 (209) (4,343) (2,885) 11,397 (473) (3,227) (3,064) 8,776 (736) (2,936) (2,892)
Income taxes 2,296 (920) (2,944) 1,043 1,298 (3,395) 1,016 (806) 2,622 (1,554) 1,425 681 1,414 (2,863) 410 (991) 1,091 (2,057) 2,653 (32) 1,074 (2,368) (983) (589) 765 (471) (3,336)
Other current liabilities 2,539 2,802 (5,507) 5,346 2,838 3,217 (5,479) 4,652 2,803 1,518 (4,106) 2,762 1,715 1,819 (4,024) 3,455 1,287 1,745 (4,143) 3,755 1,590 1,755 (2,951) 2,482 695 1,489 (3,320)
Other long-term liabilities (1,616) (1,193) (477) (1,267) (391) 716 (33) 436 48 (26) 291 102 6 257 188 44 438 93 250 143 122 893 244 623 (110) 425 410
Changes in operating assets and liabilities 331 (9,632) (218) 3,303 2,042 (11,551) 856 7,184 2,522 (10,300) 2,418 4,243 1,843 (10,347) 1,873 1,473 3,072 (9,554) 5,455 1,787 2,700 (6,903) 1,480 2,250 2,450 (5,256) (927)
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash from operations 14,901 (2,700) 17,310 15,414 11,220 (1,817) 9,513 15,159 9,978 (3,017) 8,292 8,689 6,142 (5,252) 5,642 7,889 8,658 (4,285) 4,035 6,252 6,722 (2,947) 5,442 7,471 6,752 (969) 3,140
Net cash from operations 46,679 35,758 45,057 42,647 37,044 22,291 34,180 37,195 31,917 18,853 30,583 28,770 24,441 11,173 23,198 24,629 25,386 14,480 24,540 22,710 22,179 12,516 19,335 18,673 17,504 10,680 13,818
Proceeds from issuance (repayments) of debt, maturities of 90 days or less, net (5,746) (1,142) (3,810) (8,490) 18,692
Proceeds from issuance of debt 197 6,352 10,773 7,073
Cash premium on debt exchange (1,754) (3,417)
Repayments of debt (3,000) (2,250) (966) (13,065) (11,589) (2,916) (1,500) (1,000) (750) (1,000) (4,197) (4,826) (500) (3,250) (3,000) (18) (2,500)
Common stock issued 541 259 689 548 546 256 706 534 522 261 685 512 536 243 575 461 477 291 612 450 396 302 545 340 342 234 427
Common stock repurchased (4,627) (7,415) (5,650) (4,546) (4,781) (4,986) (4,107) (4,210) (4,213) (4,000) (4,831) (5,704) (5,509) (5,459) (5,573) (8,757) (8,822) (7,433) (7,684) (7,177) (6,930) (6,535) (6,743) (5,791) (7,059) (5,206) (4,912)
Common stock cash dividends paid (6,756) (6,762) (6,169) (6,169) (6,169) (6,170) (5,574) (5,574) (5,572) (5,574) (5,051) (5,054) (5,059) (5,066) (4,621) (4,632) (4,645) (4,652) (4,206) (4,214) (4,221) (4,230) (3,856) (3,865) (3,876) (3,886) (3,510)
Other, net (509) (699) (669) (677) (382) (343) (889) (303) (498) (201) (307) (167) (258) (317) (264) (341) (158) (192) (172) (430) (183) 79 (235) 471 (1,052) (39) 286
Net cash from (used in) financing (11,351) (17,617) (11,799) (10,844) (13,036) (11,243) (16,576) (23,563) (18,808) (10,147) 14,761 (11,413) (10,290) (11,349) (10,883) (13,269) (17,345) (11,986) (16,276) (11,371) (13,192) (13,634) (10,289) (12,262) (14,645) (8,915) (10,209)
Additions to property and equipment (30,876) (29,876) (19,394) (17,079) (16,745) (15,804) (14,923) (13,873) (10,952) (9,735) (9,917) (8,943) (6,607) (6,274) (6,283) (6,871) (5,340) (5,865) (5,810) (6,452) (5,089) (4,174) (4,907) (4,744) (3,767) (3,545) (3,385)
Acquisition of companies, net of cash acquired and divestitures, and purchases of intangible and other assets (258) (455) (578) (1,743) (981) (1,405) (1,849) (1,342) (1,575) (65,029) (1,186) (341) (301) (679) (349) (1,263) (18,719) (850) (1,206) (501) (7,512) (415) (481) (1,650) (329) (80) (462)
Purchases of investments (12,006) (9,845) (17,671) (21,631) (4,474) (2,050) (1,620) (2,831) (2,183) (4,258) (8,460) (11,976) (9,063) (11,599) (5,013) (4,919) (8,723) (2,505) (10,309) (14,877) (18,375) (15,092) (14,580) (18,879) (15,910) (19,011) (23,390)
Maturities of investments 11,976 12,417 6,031 4,618 6,721 2,604 2,136 1,557 3,350 4,150 15,718 6,766 13,154 6,928 6,662 1,237 1,099 5,253 8,862 7,246 15,016 15,264 14,266 18,890 17,247 11,230 19,082
Sales of investments 6,358 5,691 3,262 2,621 2,161 2,559 1,968 2,023 1,941 1,600 5,330 5,629 1,239 4,775 2,711 3,225 16,693 2,895 5,630 3,297 5,876 2,421 2,414 3,162 2,810 5,370 6,379
Other, net (2,599) (637) (6,209) 2,642 604 (16) (913) (382) (1,281) 1,347 (982) (269) (1,686) (301) (860) (1,138) (1,181) (89) (417) 434 400 327 (2,083) (1,241)
Net cash (used in) from investing (27,405) (22,705) (34,559) (30,572) (12,714) (14,112) (15,201) (14,848) (10,700) (71,925) 503 (9,134) (3,264) (7,150) (3,132) (9,729) (16,171) (1,161) (3,250) (10,853) (9,684) (1,669) (5,371) (4,462) 51 (6,036) (1,776)
Effect of foreign exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents (114) 11 (92) 183 52 (294) 122 (103) (80) 72 (99) (81) 29 88 (230) (198) 24 106 (73) 36 (33) 14 (46) (83) (64) 18 (72)
Net change in cash and cash equivalents 7,809 (4,553) (1,393) 1,414 11,346 (3,358) 2,525 (1,319) 2,329 (63,147) 45,748 8,142 10,916 (7,238) 8,953 1,433 (8,106) 1,439 4,941 522 (730) (2,773) 3,629 1,866 2,846 (4,253) 1,761

Based on: 10-Q (reporting date: 2026-03-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-09-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2025-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-03-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-09-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2024-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-03-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-09-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-03-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-09-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-03-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-09-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-03-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2020-09-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2020-03-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2019-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2019-09-30).


Operational cash flow demonstrates a sustained upward trajectory over the analyzed period, reflecting a significant increase in the company's ability to generate liquidity from its core business activities. Net income has grown from approximately 10.7 billion US$ in September 2019 to 31.8 billion US$ by March 2026, with net cash from operations rising from 13.8 billion US$ to 46.7 billion US$ over the same interval. This growth indicates strong earnings quality, as cash flow from operations consistently tracks or exceeds net income.

Operational Efficiency and Non-Cash Adjustments
A substantial increase in depreciation, amortization, and other non-cash charges is observed, particularly accelerating after 2023. These figures rose from a range of 3 billion US$ to 4 billion US$ per quarter in early periods to peaks exceeding 13 billion US$ in 2025. This pattern correlates with a massive expansion in physical infrastructure. Stock-based compensation has also seen a steady climb, moving from approximately 1.2 billion US$ per quarter in 2019 to over 3 billion US$ per quarter by 2026, indicating an increasing reliance on equity-based incentive structures.
Capital Expenditure and Strategic Investment
There is a marked escalation in additions to property and equipment, which transitioned from quarterly spends of 3 billion to 5 billion US$ between 2019 and 2021 to approximately 30 billion US$ per quarter by early 2026. This represents a nearly tenfold increase in capital intensity. Furthermore, a significant outlier occurs in December 2023, where acquisitions of companies resulted in a cash outflow of 65 billion US$, indicating a major strategic acquisition that fundamentally altered the investing cash flow profile for that period.
Financing Activities and Shareholder Returns
Financing activities are characterized by consistent net outflows, driven by a disciplined program of shareholder returns. Common stock cash dividends have grown steadily from 3.5 billion US$ per quarter in 2019 to 6.7 billion US$ by March 2026. Simultaneously, common stock repurchases remained a primary use of cash, generally fluctuating between 4 billion and 8 billion US$ per quarter. While the company has occasionally issued debt to manage liquidity—notably in late 2023—the overall trend shows a priority on returning capital to shareholders.
Working Capital Dynamics
The analysis reveals high volatility in changes in operating assets and liabilities, particularly concerning accounts receivable and unearned revenue. Large swings in unearned revenue—such as the 18.3 billion US$ increase in June 2025 followed by a 7.4 billion US$ decrease in December 2025—suggest the cyclical nature of large-scale enterprise contract bookings and revenue recognition patterns.

The overall financial profile indicates a transition toward a capital-intensive growth phase. While operational cash generation has scaled aggressively, the concurrent surge in capital expenditures suggests a strategic pivot toward massive infrastructure investment. The company has successfully balanced these heavy investments and a multi-billion dollar acquisition with a consistent and growing commitment to dividends and share buybacks, funded primarily by its robust operational cash flows.

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