Financial statement analysis and common stock valuation

Common Stock Valuation Ratios

Relative valuation technique determine the value of McDonald’s Corp. by comparing it to similar entities (like industry or sector) on the basis of several relative ratios that compare its stock price to relevant variables that affect the stock value, such as earnings, book value, and sales.

• Current Valuation Ratios
• Historical Valuation Ratios (Summary)
• Price to Earnings (P/E)
• Price to Operating Profit (P/OP)
• Price to Sales (P/S)
• Price to Book Value (P/BV)

Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM)

CAPM is a theory concentrated with deriving the expected rates of return on risky assets based on the assets’ systematic risk levels. Systematic risk is the variability of returns that is due to macroeconomic factors that affect all risky assets. It cannot be eliminated by diversification.

• Rates of Return
• Variance and Covariance
• Systematic Risk (β) Estimation
• Expected Rate of Return

Common-Size Balance Sheet: Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
Quarterly Data

Liabilities and stockholders’ equity components shown as percentage of total liabilities and stockholders’ equity.

Enterprise Value to FCFF (EV/FCFF)

Free cash flow to the firm is the cash flow available to the McDonald’s Corp. suppliers of capital after all operating expenses have been paid and necessary investments in working and fixed capital have been made.

• Free Cash Flow to The Firm (FCFF)
• Interest Paid, Net of Tax
• EV to FCFF Ratio, Current
• EV to FCFF Ratio, Historical

Price to FCFE (P/FCFE)

Free cash flow to equity is the cash flow available to McDonald’s Corp. equity holders after all operating expenses, interest, and principal payments have been paid and necessary investments in working and fixed capital have been made.

• Free Cash Flow to Equity (FCFE)
• P to FCFE Ratio, Current
• P to FCFE Ratio, Historical

Aggregate Accruals

Financial reporting quality relates to the accuracy with which McDonald’s Corp. reported financial statements reflect its operating performance and to their usefulness for forecasting future cash flows.
Aggregate accruals deriving measures of the accrual component of McDonald’s Corp. earnings.

• Balance-Sheet-Based Accruals Ratio
• Cash-Flow-Statement-Based Accruals Ratio

Statement of Comprehensive Income

Comprehensive income is the change in equity (net assets) of McDonald’s Corp. during a period from transactions and other events and circumstances from non-owners sources. It includes all changes in equity during a period except those resulting from investments by owners and distributions to owners.

DuPont Analysis: Disaggregation of ROE, ROA, and Net Profit Margin

An approach to decomposing McDonald’s Corp. return on equity, return on assets, and net profit margin ratio as the product of other financial ratios.

• Two-Component Disaggregation of ROE
• Three-Component Disaggregation of ROE
• Five-Component Disaggregation of ROE
• Two-Component Disaggregation of ROA
• Four-Component Disaggregation of ROA
• Disaggregation of Net Profit Margin

Analysis of Short-term (Operating) Activity Ratios
Quarterly Data

Evaluates revenues and output generated by the McDonald’s Corp. assets. Operating performance ratios describe the relationship between the McDonald’s Corp. level of operations and the assets needed to sustain operating activities.

• Short-term Activity Ratios (Summary)
• Inventory Turnover
• Receivables Turnover
• Payables Turnover
• Working Capital Turnover
• Average Inventory Processing Period
• Average Receivable Collection Period
• Operating Cycle
• Average Payables Payment Period
• Cash Conversion Cycle

Cash Flow Statement

The cash flow statement provides information about McDonald’s Corp. cash receipts and cash payments during an accounting period, showing how these cash flows link the ending cash balance to the beginning balance shown on McDonald’s Corp. balance sheet.

Present Value of Free Cash Flow to Equity (FCFE)

The FCFE valuation approach estimates the value of equity as the present value of future FCFE discounted at the required rate of return on equity.

• Intrinsic Stock Value (Valuation Summary)
• Required Rate of Return (r)
• FCFE Growth Rate (g)

Common-Size Balance Sheet: Assets

Assets components shown as percentage of total assets.