Stock Analysis on Net

Microsoft Corp. (NASDAQ:MSFT)

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Analysis of Income Taxes

Microsoft Excel

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Income Tax Expense (Benefit)

Microsoft Corp., income tax expense (benefit), continuing operations

US$ in millions

Microsoft Excel
12 months ended: Jun 30, 2023 Jun 30, 2022 Jun 30, 2021 Jun 30, 2020 Jun 30, 2019 Jun 30, 2018
U.S. federal
U.S. state and local
Foreign
Current taxes
U.S. federal
U.S. state and local
Foreign
Deferred taxes
Provision for income taxes

Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2023-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2018-06-30).

Item Description The company
Current taxes Amount of current income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to taxable income (loss) from continuing operations. Microsoft Corp. current taxes increased from 2021 to 2022 and from 2022 to 2023.
Deferred taxes Amount of deferred income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to income (loss) from continuing operations. Microsoft Corp. deferred taxes decreased from 2021 to 2022 and from 2022 to 2023.
Provision for income taxes Amount of current income tax expense (benefit) and deferred income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to continuing operations. Microsoft Corp. provision for income taxes increased from 2021 to 2022 and from 2022 to 2023.

Effective Income Tax Rate (EITR)

Microsoft Corp., effective income tax rate (EITR) reconciliation

Microsoft Excel
Jun 30, 2023 Jun 30, 2022 Jun 30, 2021 Jun 30, 2020 Jun 30, 2019 Jun 30, 2018
U.S. federal statutory tax rate
Foreign earnings taxed at lower rates
Impact of intangible property transfers
Foreign-derived intangible income deduction
State income taxes, net of federal benefit
Research and development credit
Excess tax benefits relating to stock-based compensation
Interest, net
Other reconciling items, net
Effective tax rate, before impact of the enactment of the TCJA
Impact of the enactment of the TCJA
Effective tax rate

Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2023-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2018-06-30).

Item Description The company
Effective tax rate, before impact of the enactment of the TCJA Percentage of current income tax expense (benefit) and deferred income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to continuing operations. Microsoft Corp. effective tax rate, before impact of the enactment of the TCJA decreased from 2021 to 2022 but then increased from 2022 to 2023 exceeding 2021 level.

Components of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities

Microsoft Corp., components of deferred tax assets and liabilities

US$ in millions

Microsoft Excel
Jun 30, 2023 Jun 30, 2022 Jun 30, 2021 Jun 30, 2020 Jun 30, 2019 Jun 30, 2018
Stock-based compensation expense
Accruals, reserves, and other expenses
Loss and credit carryforwards
Amortization
Leasing liabilities
Unearned revenue
Book/tax basis differences in investments and debt
Capitalized research and development
Other
Deferred income tax assets
Valuation allowance
Deferred income tax assets, net of valuation allowance
Book/tax basis differences in investments and debt
Unearned revenue
Leasing assets
Depreciation
Deferred tax on foreign earnings
Other
Deferred income tax liabilities
Net deferred income tax assets (liabilities)

Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2023-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2018-06-30).

Item Description The company
Deferred income tax assets Amount before allocation of valuation allowances of deferred tax asset attributable to deductible temporary differences and carryforwards. Microsoft Corp. deferred income tax assets increased from 2021 to 2022 and from 2022 to 2023.
Deferred income tax assets, net of valuation allowance Amount after allocation of valuation allowances of deferred tax asset attributable to deductible temporary differences and carryforwards. Microsoft Corp. deferred income tax assets, net of valuation allowance increased from 2021 to 2022 and from 2022 to 2023.
Net deferred income tax assets (liabilities) Amount, after allocation of valuation allowances and deferred tax liability, of deferred tax asset attributable to deductible differences and carryforwards, without jurisdictional netting. Microsoft Corp. net deferred income tax assets (liabilities) increased from 2021 to 2022 and from 2022 to 2023.

Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities, Classification

Microsoft Corp., deferred tax assets and liabilities, classification

US$ in millions

Microsoft Excel
Jun 30, 2023 Jun 30, 2022 Jun 30, 2021 Jun 30, 2020 Jun 30, 2019 Jun 30, 2018
Long-term deferred income tax assets (included in Other long-term assets)
Long-term deferred income tax liabilities

Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2023-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2018-06-30).

Item Description The company
Long-term deferred income tax assets (included in Other long-term assets) Amount, after allocation of valuation allowances and deferred tax liability, of deferred tax asset attributable to deductible differences and carryforwards, with jurisdictional netting and classified as noncurrent. Microsoft Corp. long-term deferred income tax assets (included in Other long-term assets) increased from 2021 to 2022 and from 2022 to 2023.
Long-term deferred income tax liabilities Amount, after deferred tax asset, of deferred tax liability attributable to taxable differences, with jurisdictional netting and classified as noncurrent. Microsoft Corp. long-term deferred income tax liabilities increased from 2021 to 2022 and from 2022 to 2023.

Adjustments to Financial Statements: Removal of Deferred Taxes

Microsoft Corp., adjustments to financial statements

US$ in millions

Microsoft Excel
Jun 30, 2023 Jun 30, 2022 Jun 30, 2021 Jun 30, 2020 Jun 30, 2019 Jun 30, 2018
Adjustment to Total Assets
Total assets (as reported)
Less: Noncurrent deferred tax assets, net
Total assets (adjusted)
Adjustment to Total Liabilities
Total liabilities (as reported)
Less: Noncurrent deferred tax liabilities, net
Total liabilities (adjusted)
Adjustment to Stockholders’ Equity
Stockholders’ equity (as reported)
Less: Net deferred tax assets (liabilities)
Stockholders’ equity (adjusted)
Adjustment to Net Income
Net income (as reported)
Add: Deferred income tax expense (benefit)
Net income (adjusted)

Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2023-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2018-06-30).


Microsoft Corp., Financial Data: Reported vs. Adjusted


Adjusted Financial Ratios: Removal of Deferred Taxes (Summary)

Microsoft Corp., adjusted financial ratios

Microsoft Excel
Jun 30, 2023 Jun 30, 2022 Jun 30, 2021 Jun 30, 2020 Jun 30, 2019 Jun 30, 2018
Net Profit Margin
Reported net profit margin
Adjusted net profit margin
Total Asset Turnover
Reported total asset turnover
Adjusted total asset turnover
Financial Leverage
Reported financial leverage
Adjusted financial leverage
Return on Equity (ROE)
Reported ROE
Adjusted ROE
Return on Assets (ROA)
Reported ROA
Adjusted ROA

Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2023-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2018-06-30).

Financial ratio Description The company
Adjusted net profit margin An indicator of profitability, calculated as adjusted net income divided by total revenue. Microsoft Corp. adjusted net profit margin ratio deteriorated from 2021 to 2022 and from 2022 to 2023.
Adjusted total asset turnover An activity ratio calculated as total revenue divided by adjusted total assets. Microsoft Corp. adjusted total asset turnover ratio improved from 2021 to 2022 but then slightly deteriorated from 2022 to 2023.
Adjusted financial leverage A measure of financial leverage calculated as adjusted total assets divided by adjusted total equity.
Financial leverage is the extent to which a company can effect, through the use of debt, a proportional change in the return on common equity that is greater than a given proportional change in operating income.
Microsoft Corp. adjusted financial leverage ratio decreased from 2021 to 2022 and from 2022 to 2023.
Adjusted ROE A profitability ratio calculated as adjusted net income divided by adjusted shareholders’ equity. Microsoft Corp. adjusted ROE deteriorated from 2021 to 2022 and from 2022 to 2023.
Adjusted ROA A profitability ratio calculated as adjusted net income divided by adjusted total assets. Microsoft Corp. adjusted ROA improved from 2021 to 2022 but then deteriorated significantly from 2022 to 2023.

Microsoft Corp., Financial Ratios: Reported vs. Adjusted


Adjusted Net Profit Margin

Microsoft Excel
Jun 30, 2023 Jun 30, 2022 Jun 30, 2021 Jun 30, 2020 Jun 30, 2019 Jun 30, 2018
As Reported
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Net income
Revenue
Profitability Ratio
Net profit margin1
Adjusted for Deferred Taxes
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Adjusted net income
Revenue
Profitability Ratio
Adjusted net profit margin2

Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2023-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2018-06-30).

2023 Calculations

1 Net profit margin = 100 × Net income ÷ Revenue
= 100 × ÷ =

2 Adjusted net profit margin = 100 × Adjusted net income ÷ Revenue
= 100 × ÷ =

Profitability ratio Description The company
Adjusted net profit margin An indicator of profitability, calculated as adjusted net income divided by total revenue. Microsoft Corp. adjusted net profit margin ratio deteriorated from 2021 to 2022 and from 2022 to 2023.

Adjusted Total Asset Turnover

Microsoft Excel
Jun 30, 2023 Jun 30, 2022 Jun 30, 2021 Jun 30, 2020 Jun 30, 2019 Jun 30, 2018
As Reported
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Revenue
Total assets
Activity Ratio
Total asset turnover1
Adjusted for Deferred Taxes
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Revenue
Adjusted total assets
Activity Ratio
Adjusted total asset turnover2

Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2023-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2018-06-30).

2023 Calculations

1 Total asset turnover = Revenue ÷ Total assets
= ÷ =

2 Adjusted total asset turnover = Revenue ÷ Adjusted total assets
= ÷ =

Activity ratio Description The company
Adjusted total asset turnover An activity ratio calculated as total revenue divided by adjusted total assets. Microsoft Corp. adjusted total asset turnover ratio improved from 2021 to 2022 but then slightly deteriorated from 2022 to 2023.

Adjusted Financial Leverage

Microsoft Excel
Jun 30, 2023 Jun 30, 2022 Jun 30, 2021 Jun 30, 2020 Jun 30, 2019 Jun 30, 2018
As Reported
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Total assets
Stockholders’ equity
Solvency Ratio
Financial leverage1
Adjusted for Deferred Taxes
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Adjusted total assets
Adjusted stockholders’ equity
Solvency Ratio
Adjusted financial leverage2

Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2023-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2018-06-30).

2023 Calculations

1 Financial leverage = Total assets ÷ Stockholders’ equity
= ÷ =

2 Adjusted financial leverage = Adjusted total assets ÷ Adjusted stockholders’ equity
= ÷ =

Solvency ratio Description The company
Adjusted financial leverage A measure of financial leverage calculated as adjusted total assets divided by adjusted total equity.
Financial leverage is the extent to which a company can effect, through the use of debt, a proportional change in the return on common equity that is greater than a given proportional change in operating income.
Microsoft Corp. adjusted financial leverage ratio decreased from 2021 to 2022 and from 2022 to 2023.

Adjusted Return on Equity (ROE)

Microsoft Excel
Jun 30, 2023 Jun 30, 2022 Jun 30, 2021 Jun 30, 2020 Jun 30, 2019 Jun 30, 2018
As Reported
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Net income
Stockholders’ equity
Profitability Ratio
ROE1
Adjusted for Deferred Taxes
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Adjusted net income
Adjusted stockholders’ equity
Profitability Ratio
Adjusted ROE2

Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2023-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2018-06-30).

2023 Calculations

1 ROE = 100 × Net income ÷ Stockholders’ equity
= 100 × ÷ =

2 Adjusted ROE = 100 × Adjusted net income ÷ Adjusted stockholders’ equity
= 100 × ÷ =

Profitability ratio Description The company
Adjusted ROE A profitability ratio calculated as adjusted net income divided by adjusted shareholders’ equity. Microsoft Corp. adjusted ROE deteriorated from 2021 to 2022 and from 2022 to 2023.

Adjusted Return on Assets (ROA)

Microsoft Excel
Jun 30, 2023 Jun 30, 2022 Jun 30, 2021 Jun 30, 2020 Jun 30, 2019 Jun 30, 2018
As Reported
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Net income
Total assets
Profitability Ratio
ROA1
Adjusted for Deferred Taxes
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Adjusted net income
Adjusted total assets
Profitability Ratio
Adjusted ROA2

Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2023-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2018-06-30).

2023 Calculations

1 ROA = 100 × Net income ÷ Total assets
= 100 × ÷ =

2 Adjusted ROA = 100 × Adjusted net income ÷ Adjusted total assets
= 100 × ÷ =

Profitability ratio Description The company
Adjusted ROA A profitability ratio calculated as adjusted net income divided by adjusted total assets. Microsoft Corp. adjusted ROA improved from 2021 to 2022 but then deteriorated significantly from 2022 to 2023.