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Microsoft Excel LibreOffice Calc

Microsoft Corp. (NASDAQ:MSFT)

Analysis of Property, Plant and Equipment

Advanced level

Accounting Policy on Property, Plant and Equipment

Property and equipment is stated at cost less accumulated depreciation, and depreciated using the straight-line method over the shorter of the estimated useful life of the asset or the lease term. The estimated useful lives of Microsoft’s property and equipment are generally as follows: computer software developed or acquired for internal use, three to seven years; computer equipment, two to three years; buildings and improvements, five to 15 years; leasehold improvements, three to 20 years; and furniture and equipment, one to 10 years. Land is not depreciated.

Source: 10-K (filing date: 2019-08-01).

Property, Plant and Equipment Disclosure

Microsoft Corp., balance sheet: property, plant and equipment

US$ in millions

Microsoft Excel LibreOffice Calc
Jun 30, 2019 Jun 30, 2018 Jun 30, 2017 Jun 30, 2016 Jun 30, 2015 Jun 30, 2014
Land
Buildings and improvements
Leasehold improvements
Computer equipment and software
Furniture and equipment
Property and equipment, at cost
Accumulated depreciation
Property and equipment, net

Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2019-08-01), 10-K (filing date: 2018-08-03), 10-K (filing date: 2017-08-02), 10-K (filing date: 2016-07-28), 10-K (filing date: 2015-07-31), 10-K (filing date: 2014-07-31).

Item Description The company
Property and equipment, at cost Amount before accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization of physical assets used in the normal conduct of business and not intended for resale. Examples include, but are not limited to, land, buildings, machinery and equipment, office equipment, and furniture and fixtures. Microsoft Corp.’s property and equipment, at cost increased from 2017 to 2018 and from 2018 to 2019.
Property and equipment, net Amount after accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization of physical assets used in the normal conduct of business to produce goods and services and not intended for resale. Examples include, but are not limited to, land, buildings, machinery and equipment, office equipment, and furniture and fixtures. Microsoft Corp.’s property and equipment, net increased from 2017 to 2018 and from 2018 to 2019.

Asset Age Ratios (Summary)

Microsoft Corp., asset age ratios

Microsoft Excel LibreOffice Calc
Jun 30, 2019 Jun 30, 2018 Jun 30, 2017 Jun 30, 2016 Jun 30, 2015 Jun 30, 2014
Average age ratio
Estimated total useful life (years)
Estimated age, time elapsed since purchase (years)
Estimated remaining life (years)

Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2019-08-01), 10-K (filing date: 2018-08-03), 10-K (filing date: 2017-08-02), 10-K (filing date: 2016-07-28), 10-K (filing date: 2015-07-31), 10-K (filing date: 2014-07-31).

Asset age ratio Description The company
Average age ratio As long as straight-line depreciation is used, this is an accurate estimate of asset age as a percentage of depreciable life. The relative age is a useful measure of whether the company’s fixed asset base is old or new. Newer assets are likely to be more efficient. Microsoft Corp.’s average age ratio of depreciable property, plant and equipment improved from 2017 to 2018 and from 2018 to 2019.
Estimated total useful life Over longer time periods, this ratio is a useful measure of company’s depreciation policy and can be used for comparisons with competitors. Microsoft Corp.’s estimated total useful life of depreciable property, plant and equipment decreased from 2017 to 2018 and from 2018 to 2019.
Estimated time elapsed since purchase The approximate age in years of a company’s fixed assets. Useful for comparison purposes. Microsoft Corp.’s estimated time elapsed since purchase of depreciable property, plant and equipment improved from 2017 to 2018 and from 2018 to 2019.
Estimated remaining life Microsoft Corp.’s estimated remaining life of depreciable property, plant and equipment decreased from 2017 to 2018 and from 2018 to 2019.

Average Age

Microsoft Excel LibreOffice Calc
Jun 30, 2019 Jun 30, 2018 Jun 30, 2017 Jun 30, 2016 Jun 30, 2015 Jun 30, 2014
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Accumulated depreciation
Property and equipment, at cost
Land
Asset Age Ratio
Average age1

Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2019-08-01), 10-K (filing date: 2018-08-03), 10-K (filing date: 2017-08-02), 10-K (filing date: 2016-07-28), 10-K (filing date: 2015-07-31), 10-K (filing date: 2014-07-31).

2019 Calculations

1 Average age = 100 × Accumulated depreciation ÷ (Property and equipment, at cost – Land)
= 100 × ÷ ( – ) =

Asset age ratio Description The company
Average age As long as straight-line depreciation is used, this is an accurate estimate of asset age as a percentage of depreciable life. The relative age is a useful measure of whether the company’s fixed asset base is old or new. Newer assets are likely to be more efficient. Microsoft Corp.’s average age ratio of depreciable property, plant and equipment improved from 2017 to 2018 and from 2018 to 2019.

Estimated Total Useful Life

Microsoft Excel LibreOffice Calc
Jun 30, 2019 Jun 30, 2018 Jun 30, 2017 Jun 30, 2016 Jun 30, 2015 Jun 30, 2014
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Property and equipment, at cost
Land
Depreciation expense
Asset Age Ratio (Years)
Estimated total useful life1

Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2019-08-01), 10-K (filing date: 2018-08-03), 10-K (filing date: 2017-08-02), 10-K (filing date: 2016-07-28), 10-K (filing date: 2015-07-31), 10-K (filing date: 2014-07-31).

2019 Calculations

1 Estimated total useful life = (Property and equipment, at cost – Land) ÷ Depreciation expense
= ( – ) ÷ =

Asset age ratio Description The company
Estimated total useful life Over longer time periods, this ratio is a useful measure of company’s depreciation policy and can be used for comparisons with competitors. Microsoft Corp.’s estimated total useful life of depreciable property, plant and equipment decreased from 2017 to 2018 and from 2018 to 2019.

Estimated Age, Time Elapsed since Purchase

Microsoft Excel LibreOffice Calc
Jun 30, 2019 Jun 30, 2018 Jun 30, 2017 Jun 30, 2016 Jun 30, 2015 Jun 30, 2014
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Accumulated depreciation
Depreciation expense
Asset Age Ratio (Years)
Time elapsed since purchase1

Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2019-08-01), 10-K (filing date: 2018-08-03), 10-K (filing date: 2017-08-02), 10-K (filing date: 2016-07-28), 10-K (filing date: 2015-07-31), 10-K (filing date: 2014-07-31).

2019 Calculations

1 Time elapsed since purchase = Accumulated depreciation ÷ Depreciation expense
= ÷ =

Asset age ratio Description The company
Estimated time elapsed since purchase The approximate age in years of a company’s fixed assets. Useful for comparison purposes. Microsoft Corp.’s estimated time elapsed since purchase of depreciable property, plant and equipment improved from 2017 to 2018 and from 2018 to 2019.

Estimated Remaining Life

Microsoft Excel LibreOffice Calc
Jun 30, 2019 Jun 30, 2018 Jun 30, 2017 Jun 30, 2016 Jun 30, 2015 Jun 30, 2014
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Property and equipment, net
Land
Depreciation expense
Asset Age Ratio (Years)
Estimated remaining life1

Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2019-08-01), 10-K (filing date: 2018-08-03), 10-K (filing date: 2017-08-02), 10-K (filing date: 2016-07-28), 10-K (filing date: 2015-07-31), 10-K (filing date: 2014-07-31).

2019 Calculations

1 Estimated remaining life = (Property and equipment, net – Land) ÷ Depreciation expense
= ( – ) ÷ =

Asset age ratio Description The company
Estimated remaining life Microsoft Corp.’s estimated remaining life of depreciable property, plant and equipment decreased from 2017 to 2018 and from 2018 to 2019.