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Microsoft Corp. (MSFT)
Analysis of Goodwill and Intangible Assets
Difficulty: Advanced
- Goodwill and Intangible Assets Accounting Policy
- Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure
- Analyst Adjustments: Removal of Goodwill
- Adjusted Ratios: Removal of Goodwill (Summary)
- Adjusted Net Profit Margin
- Adjusted Total Asset Turnover
- Adjusted Financial Leverage
- Adjusted Return on Equity (ROE)
- Adjusted Return on Assets (ROA)
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Accounting Policy
Goodwill
Goodwill is tested for impairment at the reporting unit level (operating segment or one level below an operating segment) on an annual basis (May 1 for us) and between annual tests if an event occurs or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying value.
Intangible Assets
Microsoft’s intangible assets are subject to amortization and are amortized using the straight-line method over their estimated period of benefit, ranging from one to 20 years. Microsoft evaluates the recoverability of intangible assets periodically by taking into account events or circumstances that may warrant revised estimates of useful lives or that indicate the asset may be impaired.
Source: 10-K (filing date: 2019-08-01).
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure
Microsoft Corp., balance sheet: goodwill and intangible assets
US$ in millions
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| Goodwill | |
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| Intangible assets and goodwill | |
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Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2019-08-01), 10-K (filing date: 2018-08-03), 10-K (filing date: 2017-08-02), 10-K (filing date: 2016-07-28), 10-K (filing date: 2015-07-31), 10-K (filing date: 2014-07-31).
| Item | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| Finite-lived intangible assets, net carrying amount | Sum of the carrying amounts of all intangible assets, excluding goodwill, as of the balance sheet date, net of accumulated amortization and impairment charges. | Microsoft Corp.’s finite-lived intangible assets, net carrying amount declined from 2017 to 2018 and from 2018 to 2019. |
| Goodwill | Amount after accumulated impairment loss of an asset representing future economic benefits arising from other assets acquired in a business combination that are not individually identified and separately recognized. | Microsoft Corp.’s goodwill increased from 2017 to 2018 and from 2018 to 2019. |
| Intangible assets and goodwill | Sum of the carrying amounts of all intangible assets, including goodwill, as of the balance sheet date, net of accumulated amortization and impairment charges. | Microsoft Corp.’s intangible assets and goodwill declined from 2017 to 2018 but then increased from 2018 to 2019 exceeding 2017 level. |
Analyst Adjustments: Removal of Goodwill
Microsoft Corp., adjustments to financial data
US$ in millions
Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2019-08-01), 10-K (filing date: 2018-08-03), 10-K (filing date: 2017-08-02), 10-K (filing date: 2016-07-28), 10-K (filing date: 2015-07-31), 10-K (filing date: 2014-07-31).
Microsoft Corp., Financial Data: Reported vs. Adjusted
Adjusted Ratios: Removal of Goodwill (Summary)
Microsoft Corp., adjusted ratios
Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2019-08-01), 10-K (filing date: 2018-08-03), 10-K (filing date: 2017-08-02), 10-K (filing date: 2016-07-28), 10-K (filing date: 2015-07-31), 10-K (filing date: 2014-07-31).
| Ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| Adjusted net profit margin | An indicator of profitability, calculated as adjusted net income divided by revenue. | Microsoft Corp.’s adjusted net profit margin deteriorated from 2017 to 2018 but then improved from 2018 to 2019 exceeding 2017 level. |
| Adjusted total asset turnover | An activity ratio calculated as total revenue divided by adjusted total assets. | Microsoft Corp.’s adjusted total asset turnover improved from 2017 to 2018 and from 2018 to 2019. |
| Adjusted financial leverage | A measure of financial leverage calculated as adjusted total assets divided by adjusted total equity. Financial leverage is the extent to which a company can effect, through the use of debt, a proportional change in the return on common equity that is greater than a given proportional change in operating income. |
Microsoft Corp.’s adjusted financial leverage declined from 2017 to 2018 and from 2018 to 2019. |
| Adjusted ROE | A profitability ratio calculated as adjusted net income divided by adjusted shareholders’ equity. | Microsoft Corp.’s adjusted ROE deteriorated from 2017 to 2018 but then improved from 2018 to 2019 exceeding 2017 level. |
| Adjusted ROA | A profitability ratio calculated as adjusted net income divided by adjusted total assets. | Microsoft Corp.’s adjusted ROA deteriorated from 2017 to 2018 but then improved from 2018 to 2019 exceeding 2017 level. |
Microsoft Corp., Ratios: Reported vs. Adjusted
Adjusted Net Profit Margin
Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2019-08-01), 10-K (filing date: 2018-08-03), 10-K (filing date: 2017-08-02), 10-K (filing date: 2016-07-28), 10-K (filing date: 2015-07-31), 10-K (filing date: 2014-07-31).
2019 Calculations
1 Net profit margin = 100 × Net income ÷ Revenue
= 100 × ÷ =
2 Adjusted net profit margin = 100 × Adjusted net income ÷ Revenue
= 100 × ÷ =
| Ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| Adjusted net profit margin | An indicator of profitability, calculated as adjusted net income divided by revenue. | Microsoft Corp.’s adjusted net profit margin deteriorated from 2017 to 2018 but then improved from 2018 to 2019 exceeding 2017 level. |
Adjusted Total Asset Turnover
Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2019-08-01), 10-K (filing date: 2018-08-03), 10-K (filing date: 2017-08-02), 10-K (filing date: 2016-07-28), 10-K (filing date: 2015-07-31), 10-K (filing date: 2014-07-31).
2019 Calculations
1 Total asset turnover = Revenue ÷ Total assets
= ÷ =
2 Adjusted total asset turnover = Revenue ÷ Adjusted total assets
= ÷ =
| Ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| Adjusted total asset turnover | An activity ratio calculated as total revenue divided by adjusted total assets. | Microsoft Corp.’s adjusted total asset turnover improved from 2017 to 2018 and from 2018 to 2019. |
Adjusted Financial Leverage
Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2019-08-01), 10-K (filing date: 2018-08-03), 10-K (filing date: 2017-08-02), 10-K (filing date: 2016-07-28), 10-K (filing date: 2015-07-31), 10-K (filing date: 2014-07-31).
2019 Calculations
1 Financial leverage = Total assets ÷ Stockholders’ equity
= ÷ =
2 Adjusted financial leverage = Adjusted total assets ÷ Adjusted stockholders’ equity
= ÷ =
| Ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| Adjusted financial leverage | A measure of financial leverage calculated as adjusted total assets divided by adjusted total equity. Financial leverage is the extent to which a company can effect, through the use of debt, a proportional change in the return on common equity that is greater than a given proportional change in operating income. |
Microsoft Corp.’s adjusted financial leverage declined from 2017 to 2018 and from 2018 to 2019. |
Adjusted Return on Equity (ROE)
Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2019-08-01), 10-K (filing date: 2018-08-03), 10-K (filing date: 2017-08-02), 10-K (filing date: 2016-07-28), 10-K (filing date: 2015-07-31), 10-K (filing date: 2014-07-31).
2019 Calculations
1 ROE = 100 × Net income ÷ Stockholders’ equity
= 100 × ÷ =
2 Adjusted ROE = 100 × Adjusted net income ÷ Adjusted stockholders’ equity
= 100 × ÷ =
| Ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| Adjusted ROE | A profitability ratio calculated as adjusted net income divided by adjusted shareholders’ equity. | Microsoft Corp.’s adjusted ROE deteriorated from 2017 to 2018 but then improved from 2018 to 2019 exceeding 2017 level. |
Adjusted Return on Assets (ROA)
Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2019-08-01), 10-K (filing date: 2018-08-03), 10-K (filing date: 2017-08-02), 10-K (filing date: 2016-07-28), 10-K (filing date: 2015-07-31), 10-K (filing date: 2014-07-31).
2019 Calculations
1 ROA = 100 × Net income ÷ Total assets
= 100 × ÷ =
2 Adjusted ROA = 100 × Adjusted net income ÷ Adjusted total assets
= 100 × ÷ =
| Ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| Adjusted ROA | A profitability ratio calculated as adjusted net income divided by adjusted total assets. | Microsoft Corp.’s adjusted ROA deteriorated from 2017 to 2018 but then improved from 2018 to 2019 exceeding 2017 level. |