Stock Analysis on Net
Stock Analysis on Net

Microsoft Corp. (NASDAQ:MSFT) 

Common-Size Income Statement
Quarterly Data

Microsoft Corp., common-size consolidated income statement (quarterly data)

Microsoft Excel
3 months ended: Jun 30, 2025 Mar 31, 2025 Dec 31, 2024 Sep 30, 2024 Jun 30, 2024 Mar 31, 2024 Dec 31, 2023 Sep 30, 2023 Jun 30, 2023 Mar 31, 2023 Dec 31, 2022 Sep 30, 2022 Jun 30, 2022 Mar 31, 2022 Dec 31, 2021 Sep 30, 2021 Jun 30, 2021 Mar 31, 2021 Dec 31, 2020 Sep 30, 2020 Jun 30, 2020 Mar 31, 2020 Dec 31, 2019 Sep 30, 2019
Product 22.42 21.86 23.29 23.29 20.42 27.61 30.54 27.49 29.99 29.49 31.31 31.41 34.62 35.18 40.17 36.70 41.03 40.46 45.18 42.53 47.71 45.32 49.46 47.70
Service and other 77.58 78.14 76.71 76.71 79.58 72.39 69.46 72.51 70.01 70.51 68.69 68.59 65.38 64.82 59.83 63.30 58.97 59.54 54.82 57.47 52.29 54.68 50.54 52.30
Revenue 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
Product -4.34 -4.33 -5.54 -5.02 -2.22 -7.01 -9.62 -6.25 -6.89 -7.46 -10.79 -8.58 -8.40 -9.29 -12.24 -8.37 -9.29 -10.26 -14.06 -9.68 -11.49 -9.64 -13.46 -10.00
Service and other -27.08 -26.95 -25.77 -25.62 -28.19 -22.90 -22.02 -22.60 -23.00 -23.06 -22.37 -22.25 -23.28 -22.35 -20.55 -21.74 -21.03 -21.02 -18.89 -19.93 -20.95 -21.70 -20.03 -21.48
Cost of revenue -31.42% -31.28% -31.31% -30.65% -30.41% -29.92% -31.64% -28.84% -29.89% -30.51% -33.15% -30.83% -31.68% -31.63% -32.79% -30.11% -30.32% -31.28% -32.95% -29.61% -32.44% -31.34% -33.49% -31.48%
Gross margin 68.58% 68.72% 68.69% 69.35% 69.59% 70.08% 68.36% 71.16% 70.11% 69.49% 66.85% 69.17% 68.32% 68.37% 67.21% 69.89% 69.68% 68.72% 67.05% 70.39% 67.56% 68.66% 66.51% 68.52%
Research and development -11.55 -11.70 -11.37 -11.50 -12.45 -12.37 -11.52 -11.78 -11.99 -13.21 -12.98 -13.22 -13.21 -12.78 -11.13 -12.36 -12.32 -12.48 -11.37 -13.26 -13.71 -13.95 -12.47 -13.81
Sales and marketing -9.53 -8.87 -9.25 -8.72 -10.53 -10.03 -10.07 -9.18 -11.04 -10.88 -10.77 -10.23 -12.15 -11.34 -10.40 -10.03 -12.69 -12.19 -11.48 -11.39 -14.24 -14.02 -13.37 -13.12
General and administrative -2.60 -2.48 -2.62 -2.55 -3.47 -3.09 -3.19 -2.61 -3.91 -3.11 -4.43 -2.79 -3.37 -3.00 -2.68 -2.84 -3.30 -3.18 -2.64 -3.01 -4.35 -3.63 -3.04 -3.21
Operating income 44.90% 45.67% 45.46% 46.58% 43.14% 44.59% 43.59% 47.59% 43.17% 42.29% 38.67% 42.93% 39.59% 41.26% 43.01% 44.66% 41.37% 40.88% 41.55% 42.73% 35.25% 37.05% 37.64% 38.38%
Other income (expense), net -2.23 -0.89 -3.29 -0.43 -1.04 -1.38 -0.82 0.69 0.84 0.61 -0.11 0.11 -0.09 -0.35 0.52 0.63 0.67 0.45 1.02 0.67 0.04 -0.38 0.53 0.00
Income before income taxes 42.67% 44.78% 42.17% 46.15% 42.10% 43.21% 42.77% 48.28% 44.01% 42.89% 38.56% 43.04% 39.50% 40.90% 43.53% 45.29% 42.05% 41.33% 42.57% 43.40% 35.29% 36.67% 38.16% 38.38%
Provision for income taxes -7.04 -7.93 -7.55 -8.54 -8.06 -7.74 -7.51 -8.83 -8.27 -8.28 -7.42 -8.01 -7.22 -7.01 -7.25 -0.04 -6.39 -4.27 -6.67 -6.00 -5.84 -5.97 -6.60 -6.07
Net income 35.63% 36.86% 34.62% 37.61% 34.04% 35.47% 35.26% 39.44% 35.74% 34.62% 31.14% 35.03% 32.28% 33.89% 36.28% 45.25% 35.66% 37.06% 35.90% 37.39% 29.45% 30.70% 31.56% 32.30%

Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2025-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-03-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-09-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2024-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-03-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-09-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-03-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-09-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-03-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-09-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-03-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2020-09-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2020-03-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2019-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2019-09-30).

Revenue Composition
Over the observed quarters, there is a clear and consistent trend showing a decreasing proportion of revenue derived from Product sales. Starting at 47.7% in the third quarter of 2019, this percentage steadily declines to 22.42% by the last quarter reported. Conversely, revenue from Services and Other categories exhibits a complementary increase, rising from 52.3% to 77.58% over the same period. This suggests a strategic or market-driven shift in the company's revenue base towards service-oriented offerings.
Cost of Revenue and Gross Margin
The cost of revenue as a percentage of revenue remains relatively stable, fluctuating mainly between 28.84% and 33.49%, without a pronounced trend up or down. Correspondingly, the gross margin percentage remains strong, consistently above 66%, peaking near 71% in some quarters. This stability indicates effective cost management relative to revenue, despite changing revenue composition.
Research and Development (R&D)
R&D expenses as a percentage of revenue demonstrate minor fluctuations, generally residing between approximately 11.37% and 13.95%. There is no sustained increase or decrease trend evident, indicating consistent investment in R&D relative to revenue size.
Sales and Marketing
The proportion of revenue allocated to Sales and Marketing shows some volatility but tends to decrease slightly over time. Starting at 13.12% in late 2019, spending declines to below 9% in certain recent quarters. This decrease could reflect improved efficiency or changes in marketing strategy corresponding with shifts in product and service emphasis.
General and Administrative Expenses
These expenses remain a small but stable component of revenue, generally below 4%, demonstrating restraint in administrative costs over the period.
Operating Income
Operating income as a percentage of revenue shows oscillations but remains robust, typically between 35% and close to 48%. Higher operating margins coincide with quarters featuring higher service revenue proportions, suggesting stronger profitability in service segments.
Other Income (Expense), Net
This item fluctuates with no clear trend, occasionally contributing positively or negatively to income before taxes. The variability, including some substantial negative impacts in later periods, indicates volatility in non-operating financial activities.
Income Before Income Taxes and Provision for Taxes
Income before taxes follows a similar pattern to operating income, with values mainly between 35% and 48%. The provision for income taxes, as a proportion of revenue, varies, with occasional sharp decreases (notably near zero or below 1% in one quarter), but generally between 5.8% and 8.8%, reflecting some variability in tax rates or benefits.
Net Income
Net income as a percentage of revenue fluctuates between approximately 29% and 45%. Peaks in net income ratios align with quarters of higher operating income margins and lower relative tax provisions, indicating effective conversion of operating profitability into net earnings despite some quarterly volatility.