The common-size income statement reveals several noteworthy trends in the company’s financial performance between January 2020 and October 2025. Revenue composition has shifted over the period, with notable changes in the relative contributions of different product categories. Profitability, as measured by net income, has exhibited fluctuations, with a significant increase in the latter portion of the observed timeframe.
Revenue Composition
Time-based products consistently represented a substantial portion of revenue, beginning at 66.69% in January 2020, but declining to 41.72% by October 2025. Upfront products showed more volatility, ranging from 15.07% to 31.84%, with a general upward trend in the earlier years followed by a decline. The combined contribution of products revenue decreased from 84.75% to 69.01% over the period. Maintenance and service revenue demonstrated an increasing trend, rising from 15.25% to 30.99% in October 2025, becoming a more significant component of overall revenue.
Profitability Analysis
Gross margin generally remained strong, fluctuating between 76.88% and 80.60% for much of the period, before decreasing to 70.97% in October 2025. Operating income as a percentage of revenue showed a similar pattern, peaking at 26.92% in October 2023 before falling to 9.50% in October 2025. Net income exhibited considerable variation, starting at 12.47% and reaching a high of 26.23% in July 2020, then declining to 13.93% in October 2025. A substantial increase in net income is observed in October 2024, reaching 68.10%, driven largely by income from discontinued operations.
Expense Analysis
Cost of revenue as a percentage of revenue generally decreased from 23.12% to 21.87% before increasing to 29.03% in October 2025. Research and development expenses remained consistently high, typically between 30% and 38% of revenue. Sales and marketing expenses showed a decreasing trend, falling from 18.32% to 13.40% in October 2025. General and administrative expenses also decreased over time, from 8.24% to 8.23% before increasing to 16.13% in October 2025. Amortization of acquired intangible assets decreased from 1.58% to 1.64% before increasing to 11.05% in October 2025. Restructuring charges were present in some periods, with a significant impact in January 2020 and July 2023.
Other Income and Taxes
Other income (expense), net, fluctuated significantly, ranging from -1.83% to 9.80%. The provision for income taxes varied considerably, influenced by income levels and potentially tax planning strategies. Interest expense remained minimal for most of the period, becoming more noticeable in the later quarters.
The data suggests a company undergoing shifts in its revenue model, with a growing reliance on maintenance and service revenue. While profitability remained generally positive, the significant fluctuations, particularly the dramatic increase in net income in October 2024 due to discontinued operations and the decline in October 2025, warrant further investigation. The increasing expenses in cost of revenue, general and administrative, and amortization of acquired intangible assets in the most recent quarter also merit attention.