Stock Analysis on Net

Merck & Co. Inc. (NYSE:MRK)

Cash Flow Statement
Quarterly Data

The cash flow statement provides information about a company cash receipts and cash payments during an accounting period, showing how these cash flows link the ending cash balance to the beginning balance shown on the company balance sheet.

The cash flow statement consists of three parts: cash flows provided by (used in) operating activities, cash flows provided by (used in) investing activities, and cash flows provided by (used in) financing activities.

Merck & Co. Inc., consolidated cash flow statement (quarterly data)

US$ in millions

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3 months ended: Mar 31, 2026 Dec 31, 2025 Sep 30, 2025 Jun 30, 2025 Mar 31, 2025 Dec 31, 2024 Sep 30, 2024 Jun 30, 2024 Mar 31, 2024 Dec 31, 2023 Sep 30, 2023 Jun 30, 2023 Mar 31, 2023 Dec 31, 2022 Sep 30, 2022 Jun 30, 2022 Mar 31, 2022 Dec 31, 2021 Sep 30, 2021 Jun 30, 2021 Mar 31, 2021
Net income (loss) from continuing operations (4,243) 2,962 5,787 4,429 5,085 3,744 3,161 5,461 4,767 (1,226) 4,750 (5,972) 2,825 3,018 3,252 3,949 4,307 3,824 4,571 1,214 2,749
Amortization 931 973 622 601 597 675 633 614 473 462 562 477 543 462 460 464 699 405 360 357 514
Depreciation 581 1,493 532 518 502 522 553 518 511 502 452 426 448 430 499 474 421 430 399 371 378
Intangible asset impairment charges 55 39 779 13 839 887 23 302
(Income) loss from investments in equity securities, net (168) 195 (374) (99) (90) 155 31 (57) (143) (100) 34 176 (450) 58 370 283 708 (405) (681) (280) (574)
Charge for research and development asset acquisition 8,540 700 2,100 656 10,217 1,192 1,556
Deferred income taxes (315) (825) (212) (448) (186) (616) (401) (181) (51) (931) (336) (355) (277) (307) (661) (262) (338) 159 (1) 11 18
Share-based compensation 185 205 204 216 195 187 195 203 176 167 164 169 145 145 139 137 120 119 117 132 111
Other 20 118 (51) 335 109 (101) 437 91 83 449 (99) 202 (197) 132 393 633 143 306 171 92 236
Net changes in assets and liabilities (1,613) (2,319) 1,314 (2,259) (3,712) (1,855) 2,582 (1,012) (3,382) 144 2,177 (1,636) (2,890) (347) 263 (1,399) (1,299) (45) (139) (1,463) (2,192)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) from continuing operations to net cash provided by operating activities 8,161 (105) 2,035 (1,136) (2,585) (294) 6,130 176 (1,677) 1,472 2,967 9,676 (1,486) 1,412 2,350 353 454 1,271 226 776 (1,509)
Net cash provided by operating activities 3,918 2,857 7,822 3,293 2,500 3,450 9,291 5,637 3,090 246 7,717 3,704 1,339 4,430 5,602 4,302 4,761 5,095 4,797 1,990 1,240
Capital expenditures (991) (1,033) (987) (764) (1,328) (937) (783) (791) (861) (989) (902) (965) (1,007) (1,149) (1,126) (1,129) (984) (1,208) (1,172) (986) (1,082)
Purchases of securities and other investments (374) (612) (595) (455) (49) (15) (251) (117) (25) (562) (494) (5) (333) (372) (1)
Proceeds from sale of Seagen Inc. common stock 1,145
Proceeds from sales of securities and other investments 46 575 601 456 7 50 60 260 169 704 285 500 12 335 373 1 529 111 386
Acquisition of Cidara Therapeutics, Inc., net of cash acquired (8,779)
Acquisition of Verona Pharma plc, net of cash acquired (10,042)
Acquisition of Eyebiotech Limited, net of cash acquired (1,344)
Acquisition of Elanco Animal Health Incorporated aqua business (2) (1,301)
Acquisition of Harpoon Therapeutics, Inc., net of cash acquired (746)
Acquisition of MK-1045 (formerly CN201) from Curon Pharmaceutical (700)
Acquisition of Prometheus Biosciences, Inc., net of cash acquired (10,705)
Acquisition of Imago BioSciences, Inc., net of cash acquired (1,327)
Acquisition of Acceleron Pharma Inc., net of cash acquired (11,174)
Acquisition of Pandion Therapeutics, Inc., net of cash acquired (1,554)
Other (66) (172) 129 5 (20) (57) 233 (289) (14) (21) (19) (33) 37 (117) (166) 12 182 (196) (85) 11
Net cash used in investing activities (10,210) (11,201) (283) (770) (1,487) (1,444) (3,845) (1,069) (1,376) 53 (334) (11,443) (2,359) (1,748) (962) (1,077) (1,173) (12,049) (1,061) (2,625) (686)
Net change in short-term borrowings 1,061 (63) 15 48 (1,937) 1,937 (3) (4,771) 788
Proceeds from issuance of debt 7,918 5,962 (1) 3,600 (7) 5,946 7,936
Payments on debt (1,140) (2) (1) (2,500) (539) (751) (3) (1) (1,750) (1) (1) (1,000) (1,250) (1,166) (1,153)
Dividends paid to stockholders (2,105) (2,018) (2,031) (2,077) (2,050) (1,951) (1,953) (1,986) (1,950) (1,852) (1,855) (1,885) (1,853) (1,750) (1,747) (1,770) (1,745) (1,643) (1,649) (1,673) (1,645)
Distribution from Organon & Co. 9,000
Purchases of treasury stock (874) (1,252) (1,323) (1,345) (1,164) (489) (444) (251) (122) (393) (466) (338) (149) (18) (583) (239)
Proceeds from exercise of stock options 157 47 14 12 19 12 5 73 87 6 7 82 30 265 10 97 12 134 17 42 9
Other (80) 121 2 (194) (60) (42) (32) (220) (78) (3) (10) (234) (81) (68) 35 (104) (103) (33) (59) (97) (97)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities (2,981) 4,751 2,638 (3,556) (5,755) (3,009) (2,425) 1,216 (2,814) (2,245) (4,269) 3,758 (2,054) (1,554) (2,702) (1,777) (3,086) 5,207 (2,274) 2,262 (2,098)
Net cash provided by operating activities (64) 500 551
Net cash used in investing activities (82) (52)
Net cash used in financing activities (504)
Net cash flows provided by discontinued operations (64) (86) 499
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash (19) 23 10 374 156 (367) 294 (82) (138) 186 (157) (93) 87 366 (412) (309) (55) (68) (46) 78 (97)
Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash (9,292) (3,570) 10,187 (659) (4,586) (1,370) 3,315 5,702 (1,238) (1,760) 2,957 (4,074) (2,987) 1,494 1,526 1,139 447 (1,879) 1,416 1,619 (1,142)

Based on: 10-Q (reporting date: 2026-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2025-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-03-31).


Operational cash flow exhibits significant volatility over the analyzed period, primarily driven by non-cash adjustments and strategic charges. While net income from continuing operations shows sharp fluctuations—including substantial losses in June 2023, December 2023, and March 2026—the net cash provided by operating activities remains predominantly positive. A notable divergence is observed in June 2023, where a net loss of 5.97 billion US dollars was offset by a large adjustment for research and development asset acquisition charges of 10.22 billion US dollars, contributing to a positive operating cash flow of 3.70 billion US dollars.

Operating Cash Flow Dynamics
Net cash provided by operating activities reached a peak of 9.29 billion US dollars in September 2024, though it experienced a sharp decline to 246 million US dollars in December 2023. Depreciation and amortization expenses show a general upward trajectory, with depreciation spiking to 1.49 billion US dollars in December 2025. Share-based compensation has remained relatively stable, gradually increasing from approximately 111 million US dollars per quarter in early 2021 to around 185-205 million US dollars by 2026.
Investment and Acquisition Strategy
A consistent pattern of aggressive inorganic growth is evident through substantial acquisition outlays. Major capital deployments include Acceleron Pharma (11.17 billion US dollars in June 2022), Prometheus Biosciences (10.71 billion US dollars in September 2023), Verona Pharma (10.04 billion US dollars in March 2026), and Cidara Therapeutics (8.78 billion US dollars in March 2026). Capital expenditures for infrastructure remain steady, typically ranging between 750 million and 1.3 billion US dollars per quarter.
Financing and Capital Structure
The company maintains a disciplined approach to shareholder returns. Dividend payments have increased steadily from 1.65 billion US dollars per quarter in March 2021 to 2.11 billion US dollars per quarter by March 2026. Treasury stock purchases have also increased in volume, peaking at 1.35 billion US dollars in March 2025. To fund acquisitions and maintain liquidity, the company utilizes periodic large-scale debt issuances, such as the 7.94 billion US dollars raised in December 2021 and the 7.92 billion US dollars raised in March 2026.

The overall cash position is characterized by high volatility resulting from the timing of multi-billion dollar acquisitions and the subsequent issuance of debt to balance the capital structure. The most significant liquidity event occurred in June 2021 with a 9 billion US dollar distribution from Organon & Co. By the end of the period, the company demonstrates a cycle of utilizing strong operational cash flows and debt markets to fuel a continuous pipeline of strategic acquisitions while simultaneously increasing payouts to shareholders.

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