Price to Book Value (P/BV)
since 2005
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Merck & Co. Inc. pages available for free this week:
- Balance Sheet: Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
- Common-Size Balance Sheet: Assets
- Analysis of Geographic Areas
- Enterprise Value (EV)
- Enterprise Value to EBITDA (EV/EBITDA)
- Enterprise Value to FCFF (EV/FCFF)
- Dividend Discount Model (DDM)
- Present Value of Free Cash Flow to Equity (FCFE)
- Return on Assets (ROA) since 2005
- Analysis of Revenues
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Calculation
Merck & Co. Inc., P/BV, long-term trends, calculation
| P/BV | = | Share price1, 2, 3 | ÷ | Book value per share1 (BVPS) | BVPS1 | = | Total Merck & Co., Inc. stockholders’ equity1 (in millions) |
÷ | No. shares of common stock outstanding2 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Feb 24, 2026 | = | ÷ | = | ÷ | |||||||
| Feb 25, 2025 | = | ÷ | = | ÷ | |||||||
| Feb 26, 2024 | = | ÷ | = | ÷ | |||||||
| Feb 24, 2023 | = | ÷ | = | ÷ | |||||||
| Feb 25, 2022 | = | ÷ | = | ÷ | |||||||
| Feb 25, 2021 | = | ÷ | = | ÷ | |||||||
| Feb 26, 2020 | = | ÷ | = | ÷ | |||||||
| Feb 27, 2019 | = | ÷ | = | ÷ | |||||||
| Feb 27, 2018 | = | ÷ | = | ÷ | |||||||
| Feb 28, 2017 | = | ÷ | = | ÷ | |||||||
| Feb 26, 2016 | = | ÷ | = | ÷ | |||||||
| Feb 27, 2015 | = | ÷ | = | ÷ | |||||||
| Feb 27, 2014 | = | ÷ | = | ÷ | |||||||
| Feb 28, 2013 | = | ÷ | = | ÷ | |||||||
| Feb 28, 2012 | = | ÷ | = | ÷ | |||||||
| Feb 28, 2011 | = | ÷ | = | ÷ | |||||||
| Mar 1, 2010 | = | ÷ | = | ÷ | |||||||
| Feb 27, 2009 | = | ÷ | = | ÷ | |||||||
| Feb 28, 2008 | = | ÷ | = | ÷ | |||||||
| Feb 28, 2007 | = | ÷ | = | ÷ | |||||||
| Mar 13, 2006 | = | ÷ | = | ÷ |
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2025-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2018-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2017-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2016-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2015-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2014-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2013-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2012-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2011-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2010-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2009-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2008-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2007-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2006-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2005-12-31).
1 US$
2 Data adjusted for splits and stock dividends.
3 Closing price as at the filing date of Merck & Co. Inc. Annual Report.
The price-to-book value (P/BV) ratio for the period examined exhibits considerable fluctuation. Initially, the ratio demonstrates an increasing trend from 2006 to 2007, peaking at 5.45, before declining sharply in 2009. Subsequently, the ratio experiences a period of relative stability and modest growth until 2014. A significant increase is then observed from 2014 through 2019, followed by a decline in 2020, and then another increase through 2024 before decreasing again in the final period.
- Initial Period (2006-2009)
- From 2006 to 2007, the P/BV ratio increased from 4.30 to 5.45, indicating increasing investor confidence or potentially overvaluation relative to book value. The substantial decrease to 2.72 in 2009 likely reflects the impact of broader economic conditions and potentially company-specific challenges during that period, leading to a decreased market valuation relative to net asset value.
- Stabilization and Growth (2010-2014)
- Between 2010 and 2014, the P/BV ratio generally trended upwards, albeit with some volatility, moving from 1.97 to 3.42. This suggests a gradual recovery in market sentiment and a strengthening of the relationship between market price and book value. The ratio remained below the levels seen prior to 2009.
- Significant Increase (2015-2019)
- The period from 2015 to 2019 is characterized by a marked increase in the P/BV ratio, rising from 3.15 to 7.83. This substantial growth suggests a significant re-evaluation of the company by investors, potentially driven by positive developments in its business, improved profitability, or changing market expectations. The ratio reached its highest point during this period.
- Recent Fluctuations (2020-2025)
- From 2020 onwards, the P/BV ratio has exhibited increased volatility. A decrease to 7.46 in 2020 was followed by increases to 8.68 in 2022, and then a decrease to 4.99 in 2024, and finally a slight increase to 5.82 in 2025. These fluctuations may be attributable to a variety of factors, including changes in market conditions, company performance, and investor sentiment. The most recent value suggests a return towards levels seen in the earlier part of the examined period.
Overall, the P/BV ratio demonstrates a dynamic relationship between market price and book value, influenced by both company-specific factors and broader economic trends. The observed fluctuations highlight the importance of considering this ratio in conjunction with other financial metrics and qualitative factors when assessing the company’s valuation.
Comparison to Competitors
Merck & Co. Inc., P/BV, long-term trends, comparison to competitors
| Merck & Co. Inc. | AbbVie Inc. | Amgen Inc. | Bristol-Myers Squibb Co. | Danaher Corp. | Eli Lilly & Co. | Gilead Sciences Inc. | Johnson & Johnson | Pfizer Inc. | Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc. | Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. | Vertex Pharmaceuticals Inc. | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Feb 24, 2026 | ||||||||||||
| Feb 25, 2025 | ||||||||||||
| Feb 26, 2024 | ||||||||||||
| Feb 24, 2023 | ||||||||||||
| Feb 25, 2022 | ||||||||||||
| Feb 25, 2021 | ||||||||||||
| Feb 26, 2020 | ||||||||||||
| Feb 27, 2019 | ||||||||||||
| Feb 27, 2018 | ||||||||||||
| Feb 28, 2017 | ||||||||||||
| Feb 26, 2016 | ||||||||||||
| Feb 27, 2015 | ||||||||||||
| Feb 27, 2014 | ||||||||||||
| Feb 28, 2013 | ||||||||||||
| Feb 28, 2012 | ||||||||||||
| Feb 28, 2011 | ||||||||||||
| Mar 1, 2010 | ||||||||||||
| Feb 27, 2009 | ||||||||||||
| Feb 28, 2008 | ||||||||||||
| Feb 28, 2007 | ||||||||||||
| Mar 13, 2006 |
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2025-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2018-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2017-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2016-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2015-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2014-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2013-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2012-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2011-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2010-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2009-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2008-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2007-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2006-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2005-12-31).
Comparison to Sector (Pharmaceuticals, Biotechnology & Life Sciences)
Merck & Co. Inc., P/BV, long-term trends, comparison to sector (pharmaceuticals, biotechnology & life sciences)
| Merck & Co. Inc. | Pharmaceuticals, Biotechnology & Life Sciences | |
|---|---|---|
| Feb 24, 2026 | ||
| Feb 25, 2025 | ||
| Feb 26, 2024 | ||
| Feb 24, 2023 | ||
| Feb 25, 2022 | ||
| Feb 25, 2021 | ||
| Feb 26, 2020 | ||
| Feb 27, 2019 | ||
| Feb 27, 2018 | ||
| Feb 28, 2017 | ||
| Feb 26, 2016 | ||
| Feb 27, 2015 | ||
| Feb 27, 2014 | ||
| Feb 28, 2013 | ||
| Feb 28, 2012 | ||
| Feb 28, 2011 | ||
| Mar 1, 2010 | ||
| Feb 27, 2009 | ||
| Feb 28, 2008 | ||
| Feb 28, 2007 | ||
| Mar 13, 2006 |
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2025-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2018-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2017-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2016-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2015-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2014-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2013-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2012-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2011-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2010-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2009-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2008-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2007-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2006-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2005-12-31).
Comparison to Industry (Health Care)
Merck & Co. Inc., P/BV, long-term trends, comparison to industry (health care)
| Merck & Co. Inc. | Health Care | |
|---|---|---|
| Feb 24, 2026 | ||
| Feb 25, 2025 | ||
| Feb 26, 2024 | ||
| Feb 24, 2023 | ||
| Feb 25, 2022 | ||
| Feb 25, 2021 | ||
| Feb 26, 2020 | ||
| Feb 27, 2019 | ||
| Feb 27, 2018 | ||
| Feb 28, 2017 | ||
| Feb 26, 2016 | ||
| Feb 27, 2015 | ||
| Feb 27, 2014 | ||
| Feb 28, 2013 | ||
| Feb 28, 2012 | ||
| Feb 28, 2011 | ||
| Mar 1, 2010 | ||
| Feb 27, 2009 | ||
| Feb 28, 2008 | ||
| Feb 28, 2007 | ||
| Mar 13, 2006 |
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2025-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2018-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2017-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2016-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2015-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2014-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2013-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2012-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2011-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2010-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2009-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2008-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2007-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2006-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2005-12-31).