Stock Analysis on Net
Stock Analysis on Net
Microsoft Excel LibreOffice Calc

Merck & Co. Inc. (NYSE:MRK)

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Analysis of Inventory

Advanced level

Inventory Disclosure

Merck & Co. Inc., balance sheet: inventory

US$ in millions

Microsoft Excel LibreOffice Calc
Dec 31, 2020 Dec 31, 2019 Dec 31, 2018 Dec 31, 2017 Dec 31, 2016
Finished goods
Raw materials and work in process
Supplies
Inventories, approximates current cost
Increase (decrease) to LIFO costs
Inventories
Less: Inventories recognized as other assets
Inventories, excludes inventories classified in Other assets

Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2021-02-25), 10-K (filing date: 2020-02-26), 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-27), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-27), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-28).

Item Description The company
Inventories Amount after valuation and LIFO reserves of inventory expected to be sold, or consumed within one year or operating cycle, if longer. Merck & Co. Inc.’s inventories increased from 2018 to 2019 and from 2019 to 2020.

Adjustment to Inventory: Conversion from LIFO to FIFO

Adjusting LIFO Inventory to FIFO (Current) Cost

US$ in millions

Microsoft Excel LibreOffice Calc
Dec 31, 2020 Dec 31, 2019 Dec 31, 2018 Dec 31, 2017 Dec 31, 2016
Adjustment to Inventories
Inventories at LIFO (as reported)
Add: Inventory LIFO reserve
Inventories at FIFO (adjusted)
Adjustment to Current Assets
Current assets (as reported)
Add: Inventory LIFO reserve
Current assets (adjusted)
Adjustment to Total Assets
Total assets (as reported)
Add: Inventory LIFO reserve
Total assets (adjusted)
Adjustment to Total Merck & Co., Inc. Stockholders’ Equity
Total Merck & Co., Inc. stockholders’ equity (as reported)
Add: Inventory LIFO reserve
Total Merck & Co., Inc. stockholders’ equity (adjusted)
Adjustment to Net Income Attributable To Merck & Co., Inc.
Net income attributable to Merck & Co., Inc. (as reported)
Add: Increase (decrease) in inventory LIFO reserve
Net income attributable to Merck & Co., Inc. (adjusted)

Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2021-02-25), 10-K (filing date: 2020-02-26), 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-27), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-27), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-28).

Merck & Co. Inc.’s inventory value on Dec 31, 2020 would be $8,589  (in millions) if the FIFO inventory method was used instead of LIFO. Merck & Co. Inc.’s inventories, valued on a LIFO basis, on Dec 31, 2020 were $8,507 . Merck & Co. Inc.’s inventories would have been $82  higher than reported on Dec 31, 2020 if the FIFO method had been used instead.

Merck & Co. Inc., Financial Data: Reported vs. Adjusted

Adjusted Financial Ratios: LIFO vs. FIFO (Summary)

Merck & Co. Inc., adjusted financial ratios

Microsoft Excel LibreOffice Calc
Dec 31, 2020 Dec 31, 2019 Dec 31, 2018 Dec 31, 2017 Dec 31, 2016
Current Ratio
Reported current ratio (LIFO)
Adjusted current ratio (FIFO)
Net Profit Margin
Reported net profit margin (LIFO)
Adjusted net profit margin (FIFO)
Total Asset Turnover
Reported total asset turnover (LIFO)
Adjusted total asset turnover (FIFO)
Financial Leverage
Reported financial leverage (LIFO)
Adjusted financial leverage (FIFO)
Return on Equity (ROE)
Reported ROE (LIFO)
Adjusted ROE (FIFO)
Return on Assets (ROA)
Reported ROA (LIFO)
Adjusted ROA (FIFO)

Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2021-02-25), 10-K (filing date: 2020-02-26), 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-27), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-27), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-28).

Financial ratio Description The company
Adjusted current ratio A liquidity ratio calculated as adjusted current assets divided by current liabilities. Merck & Co. Inc.’s adjusted current ratio improved from 2018 to 2019 but then deteriorated significantly from 2019 to 2020.
Adjusted net profit margin An indicator of profitability, calculated as adjusted net income divided by revenue. Merck & Co. Inc.’s adjusted net profit margin ratio improved from 2018 to 2019 but then deteriorated significantly from 2019 to 2020.
Adjusted total asset turnover An activity ratio calculated as total revenue divided by adjusted total assets. Merck & Co. Inc.’s adjusted total asset turnover ratio improved from 2018 to 2019 but then slightly deteriorated from 2019 to 2020 not reaching 2018 level.
Adjusted financial leverage A measure of financial leverage calculated as adjusted total assets divided by adjusted total equity.
Financial leverage is the extent to which a company can effect, through the use of debt, a proportional change in the return on common equity that is greater than a given proportional change in operating income.		 Merck & Co. Inc.’s adjusted financial leverage ratio increased from 2018 to 2019 and from 2019 to 2020.
Adjusted ROE A profitability ratio calculated as adjusted net income divided by adjusted shareholders’ equity. Merck & Co. Inc.’s adjusted ROE improved from 2018 to 2019 but then slightly deteriorated from 2019 to 2020 not reaching 2018 level.
Adjusted ROA A profitability ratio calculated as adjusted net income divided by adjusted total assets. Merck & Co. Inc.’s adjusted ROA improved from 2018 to 2019 but then slightly deteriorated from 2019 to 2020 not reaching 2018 level.

Merck & Co. Inc., Financial Ratios: Reported vs. Adjusted

Adjusted Current Ratio

Microsoft Excel LibreOffice Calc
Dec 31, 2020 Dec 31, 2019 Dec 31, 2018 Dec 31, 2017 Dec 31, 2016
As Reported
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Current assets
Current liabilities
Liquidity Ratio
Current ratio1
Adjusted: After Conversion from LIFO to FIFO
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Adjusted current assets
Current liabilities
Liquidity Ratio
Adjusted current ratio2

Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2021-02-25), 10-K (filing date: 2020-02-26), 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-27), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-27), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-28).

2020 Calculations

1 Current ratio = Current assets ÷ Current liabilities
= ÷ =

2 Adjusted current ratio = Adjusted current assets ÷ Current liabilities
= ÷ =

Liquidity ratio Description The company
Adjusted current ratio A liquidity ratio calculated as adjusted current assets divided by current liabilities. Merck & Co. Inc.’s adjusted current ratio improved from 2018 to 2019 but then deteriorated significantly from 2019 to 2020.

Adjusted Net Profit Margin

Microsoft Excel LibreOffice Calc
Dec 31, 2020 Dec 31, 2019 Dec 31, 2018 Dec 31, 2017 Dec 31, 2016
As Reported
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Net income attributable to Merck & Co., Inc.
Sales
Profitability Ratio
Net profit margin1
Adjusted: After Conversion from LIFO to FIFO
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Adjusted net income attributable to Merck & Co., Inc.
Sales
Profitability Ratio
Adjusted net profit margin2

Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2021-02-25), 10-K (filing date: 2020-02-26), 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-27), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-27), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-28).

2020 Calculations

1 Net profit margin = 100 × Net income attributable to Merck & Co., Inc. ÷ Sales
= 100 × ÷ =

2 Adjusted net profit margin = 100 × Adjusted net income attributable to Merck & Co., Inc. ÷ Sales
= 100 × ÷ =

Profitability ratio Description The company
Adjusted net profit margin An indicator of profitability, calculated as adjusted net income divided by revenue. Merck & Co. Inc.’s adjusted net profit margin ratio improved from 2018 to 2019 but then deteriorated significantly from 2019 to 2020.

Adjusted Total Asset Turnover

Microsoft Excel LibreOffice Calc
Dec 31, 2020 Dec 31, 2019 Dec 31, 2018 Dec 31, 2017 Dec 31, 2016
As Reported
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Sales
Total assets
Activity Ratio
Total asset turnover1
Adjusted: After Conversion from LIFO to FIFO
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Sales
Adjusted total assets
Activity Ratio
Adjusted total asset turnover2

Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2021-02-25), 10-K (filing date: 2020-02-26), 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-27), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-27), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-28).

2020 Calculations

1 Total asset turnover = Sales ÷ Total assets
= ÷ =

2 Adjusted total asset turnover = Sales ÷ Adjusted total assets
= ÷ =

Activity ratio Description The company
Adjusted total asset turnover An activity ratio calculated as total revenue divided by adjusted total assets. Merck & Co. Inc.’s adjusted total asset turnover ratio improved from 2018 to 2019 but then slightly deteriorated from 2019 to 2020 not reaching 2018 level.

Adjusted Financial Leverage

Microsoft Excel LibreOffice Calc
Dec 31, 2020 Dec 31, 2019 Dec 31, 2018 Dec 31, 2017 Dec 31, 2016
As Reported
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Total assets
Total Merck & Co., Inc. stockholders’ equity
Solvency Ratio
Financial leverage1
Adjusted: After Conversion from LIFO to FIFO
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Adjusted total assets
Adjusted total Merck & Co., Inc. stockholders’ equity
Solvency Ratio
Adjusted financial leverage2

Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2021-02-25), 10-K (filing date: 2020-02-26), 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-27), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-27), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-28).

2020 Calculations

1 Financial leverage = Total assets ÷ Total Merck & Co., Inc. stockholders’ equity
= ÷ =

2 Adjusted financial leverage = Adjusted total assets ÷ Adjusted total Merck & Co., Inc. stockholders’ equity
= ÷ =

Solvency ratio Description The company
Adjusted financial leverage A measure of financial leverage calculated as adjusted total assets divided by adjusted total equity.
Financial leverage is the extent to which a company can effect, through the use of debt, a proportional change in the return on common equity that is greater than a given proportional change in operating income.		 Merck & Co. Inc.’s adjusted financial leverage ratio increased from 2018 to 2019 and from 2019 to 2020.

Adjusted Return on Equity (ROE)

Microsoft Excel LibreOffice Calc
Dec 31, 2020 Dec 31, 2019 Dec 31, 2018 Dec 31, 2017 Dec 31, 2016
As Reported
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Net income attributable to Merck & Co., Inc.
Total Merck & Co., Inc. stockholders’ equity
Profitability Ratio
ROE1
Adjusted: After Conversion from LIFO to FIFO
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Adjusted net income attributable to Merck & Co., Inc.
Adjusted total Merck & Co., Inc. stockholders’ equity
Profitability Ratio
Adjusted ROE2

Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2021-02-25), 10-K (filing date: 2020-02-26), 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-27), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-27), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-28).

2020 Calculations

1 ROE = 100 × Net income attributable to Merck & Co., Inc. ÷ Total Merck & Co., Inc. stockholders’ equity
= 100 × ÷ =

2 Adjusted ROE = 100 × Adjusted net income attributable to Merck & Co., Inc. ÷ Adjusted total Merck & Co., Inc. stockholders’ equity
= 100 × ÷ =

Profitability ratio Description The company
Adjusted ROE A profitability ratio calculated as adjusted net income divided by adjusted shareholders’ equity. Merck & Co. Inc.’s adjusted ROE improved from 2018 to 2019 but then slightly deteriorated from 2019 to 2020 not reaching 2018 level.

Adjusted Return on Assets (ROA)

Microsoft Excel LibreOffice Calc
Dec 31, 2020 Dec 31, 2019 Dec 31, 2018 Dec 31, 2017 Dec 31, 2016
As Reported
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Net income attributable to Merck & Co., Inc.
Total assets
Profitability Ratio
ROA1
Adjusted: After Conversion from LIFO to FIFO
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Adjusted net income attributable to Merck & Co., Inc.
Adjusted total assets
Profitability Ratio
Adjusted ROA2

Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2021-02-25), 10-K (filing date: 2020-02-26), 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-27), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-27), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-28).

2020 Calculations

1 ROA = 100 × Net income attributable to Merck & Co., Inc. ÷ Total assets
= 100 × ÷ =

2 Adjusted ROA = 100 × Adjusted net income attributable to Merck & Co., Inc. ÷ Adjusted total assets
= 100 × ÷ =

Profitability ratio Description The company
Adjusted ROA A profitability ratio calculated as adjusted net income divided by adjusted total assets. Merck & Co. Inc.’s adjusted ROA improved from 2018 to 2019 but then slightly deteriorated from 2019 to 2020 not reaching 2018 level.