Analysis of Profitability Ratios
Profitability ratios measure the company ability to generate profitable sales from its resources (assets).
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International Business Machines Corp. pages available for free this week:
- Statement of Comprehensive Income
- Balance Sheet: Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
- Analysis of Short-term (Operating) Activity Ratios
- Analysis of Long-term (Investment) Activity Ratios
- Common Stock Valuation Ratios
- Selected Financial Data since 2005
- Debt to Equity since 2005
- Price to Book Value (P/BV) since 2005
- Price to Sales (P/S) since 2005
- Analysis of Debt
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Profitability Ratios (Summary)
International Business Machines Corp., profitability ratios
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2018-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2017-12-31).
| Profitability ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| Gross profit margin | Gross profit margin indicates the percentage of revenue available to cover operating and other expenditures. | International Business Machines Corp. gross profit margin ratio improved from 2019 to 2020 and from 2020 to 2021. |
| Operating profit margin | A profitability ratio calculated as operating income divided by revenue. | International Business Machines Corp. operating profit margin ratio deteriorated from 2019 to 2020 but then improved from 2020 to 2021 not reaching 2019 level. |
| Net profit margin | An indicator of profitability, calculated as net income divided by revenue. | International Business Machines Corp. net profit margin ratio deteriorated from 2019 to 2020 but then improved from 2020 to 2021 not reaching 2019 level. |
| Profitability ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| ROE | A profitability ratio calculated as net income divided by shareholders’ equity. | International Business Machines Corp. ROE deteriorated from 2019 to 2020 but then slightly improved from 2020 to 2021. |
| ROA | A profitability ratio calculated as net income divided by total assets. | International Business Machines Corp. ROA deteriorated from 2019 to 2020 but then slightly improved from 2020 to 2021. |
Gross Profit Margin
International Business Machines Corp., gross profit margin calculation, comparison to benchmarks
| Dec 31, 2021 | Dec 31, 2020 | Dec 31, 2019 | Dec 31, 2018 | Dec 31, 2017 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions) | ||||||
| Gross profit | ||||||
| Revenue | ||||||
| Profitability Ratio | ||||||
| Gross profit margin1 | ||||||
| Benchmarks | ||||||
| Gross Profit Margin, Competitors2 | ||||||
| Accenture PLC | ||||||
| Adobe Inc. | ||||||
| Intuit Inc. | ||||||
| Microsoft Corp. | ||||||
| Oracle Corp. | ||||||
| Salesforce Inc. | ||||||
| ServiceNow Inc. | ||||||
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2018-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2017-12-31).
1 2021 Calculation
Gross profit margin = 100 × Gross profit ÷ Revenue
= 100 × ÷ =
2 Click competitor name to see calculations.
| Profitability ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| Gross profit margin | Gross profit margin indicates the percentage of revenue available to cover operating and other expenditures. | International Business Machines Corp. gross profit margin ratio improved from 2019 to 2020 and from 2020 to 2021. |
Operating Profit Margin
International Business Machines Corp., operating profit margin calculation, comparison to benchmarks
| Dec 31, 2021 | Dec 31, 2020 | Dec 31, 2019 | Dec 31, 2018 | Dec 31, 2017 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions) | ||||||
| Operating income | ||||||
| Revenue | ||||||
| Profitability Ratio | ||||||
| Operating profit margin1 | ||||||
| Benchmarks | ||||||
| Operating Profit Margin, Competitors2 | ||||||
| Accenture PLC | ||||||
| Adobe Inc. | ||||||
| Intuit Inc. | ||||||
| Mastercard Inc. | ||||||
| Microsoft Corp. | ||||||
| Oracle Corp. | ||||||
| PayPal Holdings Inc. | ||||||
| Salesforce Inc. | ||||||
| ServiceNow Inc. | ||||||
| Visa Inc. | ||||||
| Operating Profit Margin, Sector | ||||||
| Software & Services | ||||||
| Operating Profit Margin, Industry | ||||||
| Information Technology | ||||||
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2018-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2017-12-31).
1 2021 Calculation
Operating profit margin = 100 × Operating income ÷ Revenue
= 100 × ÷ =
2 Click competitor name to see calculations.
| Profitability ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| Operating profit margin | A profitability ratio calculated as operating income divided by revenue. | International Business Machines Corp. operating profit margin ratio deteriorated from 2019 to 2020 but then improved from 2020 to 2021 not reaching 2019 level. |
Net Profit Margin
International Business Machines Corp., net profit margin calculation, comparison to benchmarks
| Dec 31, 2021 | Dec 31, 2020 | Dec 31, 2019 | Dec 31, 2018 | Dec 31, 2017 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions) | ||||||
| Net income attributable to IBM | ||||||
| Revenue | ||||||
| Profitability Ratio | ||||||
| Net profit margin1 | ||||||
| Benchmarks | ||||||
| Net Profit Margin, Competitors2 | ||||||
| Accenture PLC | ||||||
| Adobe Inc. | ||||||
| Intuit Inc. | ||||||
| Mastercard Inc. | ||||||
| Microsoft Corp. | ||||||
| Oracle Corp. | ||||||
| PayPal Holdings Inc. | ||||||
| Salesforce Inc. | ||||||
| ServiceNow Inc. | ||||||
| Visa Inc. | ||||||
| Net Profit Margin, Sector | ||||||
| Software & Services | ||||||
| Net Profit Margin, Industry | ||||||
| Information Technology | ||||||
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2018-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2017-12-31).
1 2021 Calculation
Net profit margin = 100 × Net income attributable to IBM ÷ Revenue
= 100 × ÷ =
2 Click competitor name to see calculations.
| Profitability ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| Net profit margin | An indicator of profitability, calculated as net income divided by revenue. | International Business Machines Corp. net profit margin ratio deteriorated from 2019 to 2020 but then improved from 2020 to 2021 not reaching 2019 level. |
Return on Equity (ROE)
International Business Machines Corp., ROE calculation, comparison to benchmarks
| Dec 31, 2021 | Dec 31, 2020 | Dec 31, 2019 | Dec 31, 2018 | Dec 31, 2017 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions) | ||||||
| Net income attributable to IBM | ||||||
| Total IBM stockholders’ equity | ||||||
| Profitability Ratio | ||||||
| ROE1 | ||||||
| Benchmarks | ||||||
| ROE, Competitors2 | ||||||
| Accenture PLC | ||||||
| Adobe Inc. | ||||||
| Intuit Inc. | ||||||
| Mastercard Inc. | ||||||
| Microsoft Corp. | ||||||
| Oracle Corp. | ||||||
| PayPal Holdings Inc. | ||||||
| Salesforce Inc. | ||||||
| ServiceNow Inc. | ||||||
| Visa Inc. | ||||||
| ROE, Sector | ||||||
| Software & Services | ||||||
| ROE, Industry | ||||||
| Information Technology | ||||||
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2018-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2017-12-31).
1 2021 Calculation
ROE = 100 × Net income attributable to IBM ÷ Total IBM stockholders’ equity
= 100 × ÷ =
2 Click competitor name to see calculations.
| Profitability ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| ROE | A profitability ratio calculated as net income divided by shareholders’ equity. | International Business Machines Corp. ROE deteriorated from 2019 to 2020 but then slightly improved from 2020 to 2021. |
Return on Assets (ROA)
International Business Machines Corp., ROA calculation, comparison to benchmarks
| Dec 31, 2021 | Dec 31, 2020 | Dec 31, 2019 | Dec 31, 2018 | Dec 31, 2017 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions) | ||||||
| Net income attributable to IBM | ||||||
| Total assets | ||||||
| Profitability Ratio | ||||||
| ROA1 | ||||||
| Benchmarks | ||||||
| ROA, Competitors2 | ||||||
| Accenture PLC | ||||||
| Adobe Inc. | ||||||
| Intuit Inc. | ||||||
| Mastercard Inc. | ||||||
| Microsoft Corp. | ||||||
| Oracle Corp. | ||||||
| PayPal Holdings Inc. | ||||||
| Salesforce Inc. | ||||||
| ServiceNow Inc. | ||||||
| Visa Inc. | ||||||
| ROA, Sector | ||||||
| Software & Services | ||||||
| ROA, Industry | ||||||
| Information Technology | ||||||
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2018-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2017-12-31).
1 2021 Calculation
ROA = 100 × Net income attributable to IBM ÷ Total assets
= 100 × ÷ =
2 Click competitor name to see calculations.
| Profitability ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| ROA | A profitability ratio calculated as net income divided by total assets. | International Business Machines Corp. ROA deteriorated from 2019 to 2020 but then slightly improved from 2020 to 2021. |