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Analysis of Profitability Ratios
Profitability ratios measure the company’s ability to generate profitable sales from its resources (assets).
Profitability Ratios (Summary)
International Business Machines Corp., profitability ratios
Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2021-02-23), 10-K (filing date: 2020-02-25), 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-26), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-27), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-28).
| Profitability ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| Gross profit margin | Gross profit margin indicates the percentage of revenue available to cover operating and other expenditures. | International Business Machines Corp.’s gross profit margin ratio improved from 2018 to 2019 and from 2019 to 2020. |
| Operating profit margin | A profitability ratio calculated as operating income divided by revenue. | International Business Machines Corp.’s operating profit margin ratio deteriorated from 2018 to 2019 and from 2019 to 2020. |
| Net profit margin | An indicator of profitability, calculated as net income divided by revenue. | International Business Machines Corp.’s net profit margin ratio improved from 2018 to 2019 but then deteriorated significantly from 2019 to 2020. |
| Profitability ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| ROE | A profitability ratio calculated as net income divided by shareholders’ equity. | International Business Machines Corp.’s ROE deteriorated from 2018 to 2019 and from 2019 to 2020. |
| ROA | A profitability ratio calculated as net income divided by total assets. | International Business Machines Corp.’s ROA deteriorated from 2018 to 2019 and from 2019 to 2020. |
Gross Profit Margin
International Business Machines Corp., gross profit margin calculation, comparison to benchmarks
| Dec 31, 2020 | Dec 31, 2019 | Dec 31, 2018 | Dec 31, 2017 | Dec 31, 2016 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions) | ||||||
| Gross profit | ||||||
| Revenue | ||||||
| Profitability Ratio | ||||||
| Gross profit margin1 | ||||||
| Benchmarks | ||||||
| Gross Profit Margin, Competitors2 | ||||||
| Accenture PLC | ||||||
| Adobe Inc. | ||||||
| Autodesk Inc. | ||||||
| Automatic Data Processing Inc. | ||||||
| Fidelity National Information Services Inc. | ||||||
| Fiserv Inc. | ||||||
| Intuit Inc. | ||||||
| Microsoft Corp. | ||||||
| Oracle Corp. | ||||||
| PayPal Holdings Inc. | ||||||
| salesforce.com inc. | ||||||
| ServiceNow Inc. | ||||||
Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2021-02-23), 10-K (filing date: 2020-02-25), 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-26), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-27), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-28).
1 2020 Calculation
Gross profit margin = 100 × Gross profit ÷ Revenue
= 100 × ÷ =
2 Click competitor name to see calculations.
| Profitability ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| Gross profit margin | Gross profit margin indicates the percentage of revenue available to cover operating and other expenditures. | International Business Machines Corp.’s gross profit margin ratio improved from 2018 to 2019 and from 2019 to 2020. |
Operating Profit Margin
International Business Machines Corp., operating profit margin calculation, comparison to benchmarks
| Dec 31, 2020 | Dec 31, 2019 | Dec 31, 2018 | Dec 31, 2017 | Dec 31, 2016 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions) | ||||||
| Operating income | ||||||
| Revenue | ||||||
| Profitability Ratio | ||||||
| Operating profit margin1 | ||||||
| Benchmarks | ||||||
| Operating Profit Margin, Competitors2 | ||||||
| Accenture PLC | ||||||
| Adobe Inc. | ||||||
| Autodesk Inc. | ||||||
| Automatic Data Processing Inc. | ||||||
| Fidelity National Information Services Inc. | ||||||
| Fiserv Inc. | ||||||
| Intuit Inc. | ||||||
| Mastercard Inc. | ||||||
| Microsoft Corp. | ||||||
| Oracle Corp. | ||||||
| PayPal Holdings Inc. | ||||||
| salesforce.com inc. | ||||||
| ServiceNow Inc. | ||||||
| Visa Inc. | ||||||
| Operating Profit Margin, Sector | ||||||
| Software & Services | ||||||
| Operating Profit Margin, Industry | ||||||
| Information Technology | ||||||
Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2021-02-23), 10-K (filing date: 2020-02-25), 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-26), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-27), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-28).
1 2020 Calculation
Operating profit margin = 100 × Operating income ÷ Revenue
= 100 × ÷ =
2 Click competitor name to see calculations.
| Profitability ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| Operating profit margin | A profitability ratio calculated as operating income divided by revenue. | International Business Machines Corp.’s operating profit margin ratio deteriorated from 2018 to 2019 and from 2019 to 2020. |
Net Profit Margin
International Business Machines Corp., net profit margin calculation, comparison to benchmarks
| Dec 31, 2020 | Dec 31, 2019 | Dec 31, 2018 | Dec 31, 2017 | Dec 31, 2016 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions) | ||||||
| Net income attributable to IBM | ||||||
| Revenue | ||||||
| Profitability Ratio | ||||||
| Net profit margin1 | ||||||
| Benchmarks | ||||||
| Net Profit Margin, Competitors2 | ||||||
| Accenture PLC | ||||||
| Adobe Inc. | ||||||
| Autodesk Inc. | ||||||
| Automatic Data Processing Inc. | ||||||
| Fidelity National Information Services Inc. | ||||||
| Fiserv Inc. | ||||||
| Intuit Inc. | ||||||
| Mastercard Inc. | ||||||
| Microsoft Corp. | ||||||
| Oracle Corp. | ||||||
| PayPal Holdings Inc. | ||||||
| salesforce.com inc. | ||||||
| ServiceNow Inc. | ||||||
| Visa Inc. | ||||||
| Net Profit Margin, Sector | ||||||
| Software & Services | ||||||
| Net Profit Margin, Industry | ||||||
| Information Technology | ||||||
Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2021-02-23), 10-K (filing date: 2020-02-25), 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-26), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-27), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-28).
1 2020 Calculation
Net profit margin = 100 × Net income attributable to IBM ÷ Revenue
= 100 × ÷ =
2 Click competitor name to see calculations.
| Profitability ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| Net profit margin | An indicator of profitability, calculated as net income divided by revenue. | International Business Machines Corp.’s net profit margin ratio improved from 2018 to 2019 but then deteriorated significantly from 2019 to 2020. |
Return on Equity (ROE)
International Business Machines Corp., ROE calculation, comparison to benchmarks
| Dec 31, 2020 | Dec 31, 2019 | Dec 31, 2018 | Dec 31, 2017 | Dec 31, 2016 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions) | ||||||
| Net income attributable to IBM | ||||||
| Total IBM stockholders’ equity | ||||||
| Profitability Ratio | ||||||
| ROE1 | ||||||
| Benchmarks | ||||||
| ROE, Competitors2 | ||||||
| Accenture PLC | ||||||
| Adobe Inc. | ||||||
| Autodesk Inc. | ||||||
| Automatic Data Processing Inc. | ||||||
| Fidelity National Information Services Inc. | ||||||
| Fiserv Inc. | ||||||
| Intuit Inc. | ||||||
| Mastercard Inc. | ||||||
| Microsoft Corp. | ||||||
| Oracle Corp. | ||||||
| PayPal Holdings Inc. | ||||||
| salesforce.com inc. | ||||||
| ServiceNow Inc. | ||||||
| Visa Inc. | ||||||
| ROE, Sector | ||||||
| Software & Services | ||||||
| ROE, Industry | ||||||
| Information Technology | ||||||
Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2021-02-23), 10-K (filing date: 2020-02-25), 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-26), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-27), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-28).
1 2020 Calculation
ROE = 100 × Net income attributable to IBM ÷ Total IBM stockholders’ equity
= 100 × ÷ =
2 Click competitor name to see calculations.
| Profitability ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| ROE | A profitability ratio calculated as net income divided by shareholders’ equity. | International Business Machines Corp.’s ROE deteriorated from 2018 to 2019 and from 2019 to 2020. |
Return on Assets (ROA)
International Business Machines Corp., ROA calculation, comparison to benchmarks
| Dec 31, 2020 | Dec 31, 2019 | Dec 31, 2018 | Dec 31, 2017 | Dec 31, 2016 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions) | ||||||
| Net income attributable to IBM | ||||||
| Total assets | ||||||
| Profitability Ratio | ||||||
| ROA1 | ||||||
| Benchmarks | ||||||
| ROA, Competitors2 | ||||||
| Accenture PLC | ||||||
| Adobe Inc. | ||||||
| Autodesk Inc. | ||||||
| Automatic Data Processing Inc. | ||||||
| Fidelity National Information Services Inc. | ||||||
| Fiserv Inc. | ||||||
| Intuit Inc. | ||||||
| Mastercard Inc. | ||||||
| Microsoft Corp. | ||||||
| Oracle Corp. | ||||||
| PayPal Holdings Inc. | ||||||
| salesforce.com inc. | ||||||
| ServiceNow Inc. | ||||||
| Visa Inc. | ||||||
| ROA, Sector | ||||||
| Software & Services | ||||||
| ROA, Industry | ||||||
| Information Technology | ||||||
Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2021-02-23), 10-K (filing date: 2020-02-25), 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-26), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-27), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-28).
1 2020 Calculation
ROA = 100 × Net income attributable to IBM ÷ Total assets
= 100 × ÷ =
2 Click competitor name to see calculations.
| Profitability ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| ROA | A profitability ratio calculated as net income divided by total assets. | International Business Machines Corp.’s ROA deteriorated from 2018 to 2019 and from 2019 to 2020. |