Stock Analysis on Net

International Business Machines Corp. (NYSE:IBM)

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Analysis of Operating Leases

Microsoft Excel

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Adjustments to Financial Statements for Operating Leases

International Business Machines Corp., adjustments to financial statements

US$ in millions

Microsoft Excel
Dec 31, 2023 Dec 31, 2022 Dec 31, 2021 Dec 31, 2020 Dec 31, 2019
Adjustment to Total Assets
Total assets (as reported)
Add: Operating lease right-of-use asset (before adoption of FASB Topic 842)1
Total assets (adjusted)
Adjustment to Total Debt
Total debt (as reported)
Add: Operating lease liability (before adoption of FASB Topic 842)2
Add: Current operating lease liabilities
Add: Noncurrent operating lease liabilities
Total debt (adjusted)

Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31).

1, 2 Equal to total present value of future operating lease payments.


International Business Machines Corp., Financial Data: Reported vs. Adjusted


Adjusted Financial Ratios for Operating Leases (Summary)

International Business Machines Corp., adjusted financial ratios

Microsoft Excel
Dec 31, 2023 Dec 31, 2022 Dec 31, 2021 Dec 31, 2020 Dec 31, 2019
Total Asset Turnover1
Reported total asset turnover
Adjusted total asset turnover
Debt to Equity2
Reported debt to equity
Adjusted debt to equity
Return on Assets3 (ROA)
Reported ROA
Adjusted ROA

Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31).

Financial ratio Description The company
Adjusted total asset turnover An activity ratio calculated as total revenue divided by adjusted total assets. International Business Machines Corp. adjusted total asset turnover ratio improved from 2021 to 2022 but then slightly deteriorated from 2022 to 2023.
Adjusted debt to equity A solvency ratio calculated as adjusted total debt divided by total shareholders’ equity. International Business Machines Corp. adjusted debt to equity ratio improved from 2021 to 2022 but then slightly deteriorated from 2022 to 2023.
Adjusted ROA A profitability ratio calculated as net income divided by adjusted total assets. International Business Machines Corp. adjusted ROA deteriorated from 2021 to 2022 but then improved from 2022 to 2023 exceeding 2021 level.

International Business Machines Corp., Financial Ratios: Reported vs. Adjusted


Adjusted Total Asset Turnover

Microsoft Excel
Dec 31, 2023 Dec 31, 2022 Dec 31, 2021 Dec 31, 2020 Dec 31, 2019
As Reported
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Revenue
Total assets
Activity Ratio
Total asset turnover1
Adjusted for Operating Leases
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Revenue
Adjusted total assets
Activity Ratio
Adjusted total asset turnover2

Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31).

2023 Calculations

1 Total asset turnover = Revenue ÷ Total assets
= ÷ =

2 Adjusted total asset turnover = Revenue ÷ Adjusted total assets
= ÷ =

Activity ratio Description The company
Adjusted total asset turnover An activity ratio calculated as total revenue divided by adjusted total assets. International Business Machines Corp. adjusted total asset turnover ratio improved from 2021 to 2022 but then slightly deteriorated from 2022 to 2023.

Adjusted Debt to Equity

Microsoft Excel
Dec 31, 2023 Dec 31, 2022 Dec 31, 2021 Dec 31, 2020 Dec 31, 2019
As Reported
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Total debt
Total IBM stockholders’ equity
Solvency Ratio
Debt to equity1
Adjusted for Operating Leases
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Adjusted total debt
Total IBM stockholders’ equity
Solvency Ratio
Adjusted debt to equity2

Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31).

2023 Calculations

1 Debt to equity = Total debt ÷ Total IBM stockholders’ equity
= ÷ =

2 Adjusted debt to equity = Adjusted total debt ÷ Total IBM stockholders’ equity
= ÷ =

Solvency ratio Description The company
Adjusted debt-to-equity A solvency ratio calculated as adjusted total debt divided by total shareholders’ equity. International Business Machines Corp. adjusted debt-to-equity ratio improved from 2021 to 2022 but then slightly deteriorated from 2022 to 2023.

Adjusted Return on Assets (ROA)

Microsoft Excel
Dec 31, 2023 Dec 31, 2022 Dec 31, 2021 Dec 31, 2020 Dec 31, 2019
As Reported
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Net income attributable to IBM
Total assets
Profitability Ratio
ROA1
Adjusted for Operating Leases
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Net income attributable to IBM
Adjusted total assets
Profitability Ratio
Adjusted ROA2

Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31).

2023 Calculations

1 ROA = 100 × Net income attributable to IBM ÷ Total assets
= 100 × ÷ =

2 Adjusted ROA = 100 × Net income attributable to IBM ÷ Adjusted total assets
= 100 × ÷ =

Profitability ratio Description The company
Adjusted ROA A profitability ratio calculated as net income divided by adjusted total assets. International Business Machines Corp. adjusted ROA deteriorated from 2021 to 2022 but then improved from 2022 to 2023 exceeding 2021 level.