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Microsoft Excel LibreOffice Calc

salesforce.com inc. (NYSE:CRM)

Analysis of Income Taxes

Advanced level

Income Tax Expense (Benefit)

salesforce.com inc., income tax expense (benefit), continuing operations

US$ in millions

Microsoft Excel LibreOffice Calc
12 months ended Jan 31, 2020 Jan 31, 2019 Jan 31, 2018 Jan 31, 2017 Jan 31, 2016 Jan 31, 2015
Federal
State
Foreign
Current
Federal
State
Foreign
Deferred
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes

Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2020-03-05), 10-K (filing date: 2019-03-08), 10-K (filing date: 2018-03-09), 10-K (filing date: 2017-03-06), 10-K (filing date: 2016-03-07), 10-K (filing date: 2015-03-06).

Item Description The company
Current Amount of current income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to taxable income (loss) from continuing operations. salesforce.com inc.’s current increased from 2018 to 2019 and from 2019 to 2020.
Deferred Amount of deferred income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to income (loss) from continuing operations. salesforce.com inc.’s deferred decreased from 2018 to 2019 but then increased from 2019 to 2020 exceeding 2018 level.
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes Amount of current income tax expense (benefit) and deferred income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to continuing operations. salesforce.com inc.’s provision for (benefit from) income taxes decreased from 2018 to 2019 but then increased from 2019 to 2020 exceeding 2018 level.

Effective Income Tax Rate (EITR)

salesforce.com inc., effective income tax rate (EITR) reconciliation

Microsoft Excel LibreOffice Calc
Jan 31, 2020 Jan 31, 2019 Jan 31, 2018 Jan 31, 2017 Jan 31, 2016 Jan 31, 2015
U.S. federal statutory tax rate
Effective tax rate

Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2020-03-05), 10-K (filing date: 2019-03-08), 10-K (filing date: 2018-03-09), 10-K (filing date: 2017-03-06), 10-K (filing date: 2016-03-07), 10-K (filing date: 2015-03-06).

Item Description The company
Effective tax rate Percentage of current income tax expense (benefit) and deferred income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to continuing operations. salesforce.com inc.’s effective tax rate decreased from 2018 to 2019 but then increased from 2019 to 2020 exceeding 2018 level.

Components of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities

salesforce.com inc., components of deferred tax assets and liabilities

US$ in millions

Microsoft Excel LibreOffice Calc
Jan 31, 2020 Jan 31, 2019 Jan 31, 2018 Jan 31, 2017 Jan 31, 2016 Jan 31, 2015
Net operating loss carryforwards
Deferred stock-based expense
Tax credits
Deferred rent expense
Accrued liabilities
Lease liabilities
Financing obligation
Deferred revenue
Basis difference on strategic and other investments
Deferred cost sharing adjustment
Non-cash equity liability
Other
Deferred tax assets
Valuation allowance
Deferred tax assets, net of valuation allowance
Deferred commissions
Purchased intangibles
Depreciation and amortization
Basis difference on strategic and other investments
Deferred revenue
Lease right-of-use assets
Other
Deferred tax liabilities
Net deferred tax assets (liabilities)

Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2020-03-05), 10-K (filing date: 2019-03-08), 10-K (filing date: 2018-03-09), 10-K (filing date: 2017-03-06), 10-K (filing date: 2016-03-07), 10-K (filing date: 2015-03-06).

Item Description The company
Deferred tax assets Amount before allocation of valuation allowances of deferred tax asset attributable to deductible temporary differences and carryforwards. salesforce.com inc.’s deferred tax assets decreased from 2018 to 2019 but then increased from 2019 to 2020 exceeding 2018 level.
Deferred tax assets, net of valuation allowance Amount after allocation of valuation allowances of deferred tax asset attributable to deductible temporary differences and carryforwards. salesforce.com inc.’s deferred tax assets, net of valuation allowance increased from 2018 to 2019 and from 2019 to 2020.
Net deferred tax assets (liabilities) Amount, after allocation of valuation allowances and deferred tax liability, of deferred tax asset attributable to deductible differences and carryforwards, without jurisdictional netting. salesforce.com inc.’s net deferred tax assets (liabilities) increased from 2018 to 2019 but then decreased significantly from 2019 to 2020.

Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities, Classification

salesforce.com inc., deferred tax assets and liabilities, classification

US$ in millions

Microsoft Excel LibreOffice Calc
Jan 31, 2020 Jan 31, 2019 Jan 31, 2018 Jan 31, 2017 Jan 31, 2016 Jan 31, 2015
Current deferred tax assets
Noncurrent deferred tax assets
Noncurrent deferred tax liabilities

Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2020-03-05), 10-K (filing date: 2019-03-08), 10-K (filing date: 2018-03-09), 10-K (filing date: 2017-03-06), 10-K (filing date: 2016-03-07), 10-K (filing date: 2015-03-06).

Item Description The company
Noncurrent deferred tax assets Amount, after allocation of valuation allowances and deferred tax liability, of deferred tax asset attributable to deductible differences and carryforwards, with jurisdictional netting and classified as noncurrent. salesforce.com inc.’s noncurrent deferred tax assets increased from 2018 to 2019 but then decreased significantly from 2019 to 2020.
Noncurrent deferred tax liabilities Amount, after deferred tax asset, of deferred tax liability attributable to taxable differences, with jurisdictional netting and classified as noncurrent. salesforce.com inc.’s noncurrent deferred tax liabilities decreased from 2018 to 2019 but then increased from 2019 to 2020 exceeding 2018 level.

Adjustments to Financial Statements: Removal of Deferred Taxes

salesforce.com inc., adjustments to financial statements

US$ in millions

Microsoft Excel LibreOffice Calc
Jan 31, 2020 Jan 31, 2019 Jan 31, 2018 Jan 31, 2017 Jan 31, 2016 Jan 31, 2015
Adjustment to Current Assets
Current assets (as reported)
Less: Current deferred tax assets, net
Current assets (adjusted)
Adjustment to Total Assets
Total assets (as reported)
Less: Current deferred tax assets, net
Less: Noncurrent deferred tax assets, net
Total assets (adjusted)
Adjustment to Total Liabilities
Total liabilities (as reported)
Less: Noncurrent deferred tax liabilities, net
Total liabilities (adjusted)
Adjustment to Stockholders’ Equity
Stockholders’ equity (as reported)
Less: Net deferred tax assets (liabilities)
Stockholders’ equity (adjusted)
Adjustment to Net Income (loss)
Net income (loss) (as reported)
Add: Deferred income tax expense (benefit)
Net income (loss) (adjusted)

Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2020-03-05), 10-K (filing date: 2019-03-08), 10-K (filing date: 2018-03-09), 10-K (filing date: 2017-03-06), 10-K (filing date: 2016-03-07), 10-K (filing date: 2015-03-06).

salesforce.com inc., Financial Data: Reported vs. Adjusted

Adjusted Financial Ratios: Removal of Deferred Taxes (Summary)

salesforce.com inc., adjusted financial ratios

Microsoft Excel LibreOffice Calc
Jan 31, 2020 Jan 31, 2019 Jan 31, 2018 Jan 31, 2017 Jan 31, 2016 Jan 31, 2015
Current Ratio
Reported current ratio
Adjusted current ratio
Net Profit Margin
Reported net profit margin
Adjusted net profit margin
Total Asset Turnover
Reported total asset turnover
Adjusted total asset turnover
Financial Leverage
Reported financial leverage
Adjusted financial leverage
Return on Equity (ROE)
Reported ROE
Adjusted ROE
Return on Assets (ROA)
Reported ROA
Adjusted ROA

Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2020-03-05), 10-K (filing date: 2019-03-08), 10-K (filing date: 2018-03-09), 10-K (filing date: 2017-03-06), 10-K (filing date: 2016-03-07), 10-K (filing date: 2015-03-06).

Financial ratio Description The company
Adjusted current ratio A liquidity ratio calculated as adjusted current assets divided by adjusted current liabilities. salesforce.com inc.’s adjusted current ratio improved from 2018 to 2019 and from 2019 to 2020.
Adjusted net profit margin An indicator of profitability, calculated as adjusted net income divided by total revenue. salesforce.com inc.’s adjusted net profit margin ratio improved from 2018 to 2019 but then deteriorated significantly from 2019 to 2020.
Adjusted total asset turnover An activity ratio calculated as total revenue divided by adjusted total assets. salesforce.com inc.’s adjusted total asset turnover ratio deteriorated from 2018 to 2019 and from 2019 to 2020.
Adjusted financial leverage A measure of financial leverage calculated as adjusted total assets divided by adjusted total equity.
Financial leverage is the extent to which a company can effect, through the use of debt, a proportional change in the return on common equity that is greater than a given proportional change in operating income.		 salesforce.com inc.’s adjusted financial leverage ratio decreased from 2018 to 2019 and from 2019 to 2020.
Adjusted ROE A profitability ratio calculated as adjusted net income divided by adjusted shareholders’ equity. salesforce.com inc.’s adjusted ROE improved from 2018 to 2019 but then deteriorated significantly from 2019 to 2020.
Adjusted ROA A profitability ratio calculated as adjusted net income divided by adjusted total assets. salesforce.com inc.’s adjusted ROA improved from 2018 to 2019 but then deteriorated significantly from 2019 to 2020.

salesforce.com inc., Financial Ratios: Reported vs. Adjusted

Adjusted Current Ratio

Microsoft Excel LibreOffice Calc
Jan 31, 2020 Jan 31, 2019 Jan 31, 2018 Jan 31, 2017 Jan 31, 2016 Jan 31, 2015
As Reported
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Current assets
Current liabilities
Liquidity Ratio
Current ratio1
Adjusted for Deferred Taxes
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Adjusted current assets
Current liabilities
Liquidity Ratio
Adjusted current ratio2

Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2020-03-05), 10-K (filing date: 2019-03-08), 10-K (filing date: 2018-03-09), 10-K (filing date: 2017-03-06), 10-K (filing date: 2016-03-07), 10-K (filing date: 2015-03-06).

2020 Calculations

1 Current ratio = Current assets ÷ Current liabilities
= ÷ =

2 Adjusted current ratio = Adjusted current assets ÷ Current liabilities
= ÷ =

Liquidity ratio Description The company
Adjusted current ratio A liquidity ratio calculated as adjusted current assets divided by adjusted current liabilities. salesforce.com inc.’s adjusted current ratio improved from 2018 to 2019 and from 2019 to 2020.

Adjusted Net Profit Margin

Microsoft Excel LibreOffice Calc
Jan 31, 2020 Jan 31, 2019 Jan 31, 2018 Jan 31, 2017 Jan 31, 2016 Jan 31, 2015
As Reported
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Net income (loss)
Revenues
Profitability Ratio
Net profit margin1
Adjusted for Deferred Taxes
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Adjusted net income (loss)
Revenues
Profitability Ratio
Adjusted net profit margin2

Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2020-03-05), 10-K (filing date: 2019-03-08), 10-K (filing date: 2018-03-09), 10-K (filing date: 2017-03-06), 10-K (filing date: 2016-03-07), 10-K (filing date: 2015-03-06).

2020 Calculations

1 Net profit margin = 100 × Net income (loss) ÷ Revenues
= 100 × ÷ =

2 Adjusted net profit margin = 100 × Adjusted net income (loss) ÷ Revenues
= 100 × ÷ =

Profitability ratio Description The company
Adjusted net profit margin An indicator of profitability, calculated as adjusted net income divided by total revenue. salesforce.com inc.’s adjusted net profit margin ratio improved from 2018 to 2019 but then deteriorated significantly from 2019 to 2020.

Adjusted Total Asset Turnover

Microsoft Excel LibreOffice Calc
Jan 31, 2020 Jan 31, 2019 Jan 31, 2018 Jan 31, 2017 Jan 31, 2016 Jan 31, 2015
As Reported
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Revenues
Total assets
Activity Ratio
Total asset turnover1
Adjusted for Deferred Taxes
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Revenues
Adjusted total assets
Activity Ratio
Adjusted total asset turnover2

Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2020-03-05), 10-K (filing date: 2019-03-08), 10-K (filing date: 2018-03-09), 10-K (filing date: 2017-03-06), 10-K (filing date: 2016-03-07), 10-K (filing date: 2015-03-06).

2020 Calculations

1 Total asset turnover = Revenues ÷ Total assets
= ÷ =

2 Adjusted total asset turnover = Revenues ÷ Adjusted total assets
= ÷ =

Activity ratio Description The company
Adjusted total asset turnover An activity ratio calculated as total revenue divided by adjusted total assets. salesforce.com inc.’s adjusted total asset turnover ratio deteriorated from 2018 to 2019 and from 2019 to 2020.

Adjusted Financial Leverage

Microsoft Excel LibreOffice Calc
Jan 31, 2020 Jan 31, 2019 Jan 31, 2018 Jan 31, 2017 Jan 31, 2016 Jan 31, 2015
As Reported
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Total assets
Stockholders’ equity
Solvency Ratio
Financial leverage1
Adjusted for Deferred Taxes
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Adjusted total assets
Adjusted stockholders’ equity
Solvency Ratio
Adjusted financial leverage2

Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2020-03-05), 10-K (filing date: 2019-03-08), 10-K (filing date: 2018-03-09), 10-K (filing date: 2017-03-06), 10-K (filing date: 2016-03-07), 10-K (filing date: 2015-03-06).

2020 Calculations

1 Financial leverage = Total assets ÷ Stockholders’ equity
= ÷ =

2 Adjusted financial leverage = Adjusted total assets ÷ Adjusted stockholders’ equity
= ÷ =

Solvency ratio Description The company
Adjusted financial leverage A measure of financial leverage calculated as adjusted total assets divided by adjusted total equity.
Financial leverage is the extent to which a company can effect, through the use of debt, a proportional change in the return on common equity that is greater than a given proportional change in operating income.		 salesforce.com inc.’s adjusted financial leverage ratio decreased from 2018 to 2019 and from 2019 to 2020.

Adjusted Return on Equity (ROE)

Microsoft Excel LibreOffice Calc
Jan 31, 2020 Jan 31, 2019 Jan 31, 2018 Jan 31, 2017 Jan 31, 2016 Jan 31, 2015
As Reported
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Net income (loss)
Stockholders’ equity
Profitability Ratio
ROE1
Adjusted for Deferred Taxes
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Adjusted net income (loss)
Adjusted stockholders’ equity
Profitability Ratio
Adjusted ROE2

Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2020-03-05), 10-K (filing date: 2019-03-08), 10-K (filing date: 2018-03-09), 10-K (filing date: 2017-03-06), 10-K (filing date: 2016-03-07), 10-K (filing date: 2015-03-06).

2020 Calculations

1 ROE = 100 × Net income (loss) ÷ Stockholders’ equity
= 100 × ÷ =

2 Adjusted ROE = 100 × Adjusted net income (loss) ÷ Adjusted stockholders’ equity
= 100 × ÷ =

Profitability ratio Description The company
Adjusted ROE A profitability ratio calculated as adjusted net income divided by adjusted shareholders’ equity. salesforce.com inc.’s adjusted ROE improved from 2018 to 2019 but then deteriorated significantly from 2019 to 2020.

Adjusted Return on Assets (ROA)

Microsoft Excel LibreOffice Calc
Jan 31, 2020 Jan 31, 2019 Jan 31, 2018 Jan 31, 2017 Jan 31, 2016 Jan 31, 2015
As Reported
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Net income (loss)
Total assets
Profitability Ratio
ROA1
Adjusted for Deferred Taxes
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Adjusted net income (loss)
Adjusted total assets
Profitability Ratio
Adjusted ROA2

Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2020-03-05), 10-K (filing date: 2019-03-08), 10-K (filing date: 2018-03-09), 10-K (filing date: 2017-03-06), 10-K (filing date: 2016-03-07), 10-K (filing date: 2015-03-06).

2020 Calculations

1 ROA = 100 × Net income (loss) ÷ Total assets
= 100 × ÷ =

2 Adjusted ROA = 100 × Adjusted net income (loss) ÷ Adjusted total assets
= 100 × ÷ =

Profitability ratio Description The company
Adjusted ROA A profitability ratio calculated as adjusted net income divided by adjusted total assets. salesforce.com inc.’s adjusted ROA improved from 2018 to 2019 but then deteriorated significantly from 2019 to 2020.