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Common Stock Valuation Ratios (Price Multiples)
Quarterly Data
Difficulty: Beginner
Valuation ratios measure the quantity of an asset or flaw (e.g., earnings) associated with ownership of a specified claim (e.g., a share of ownership of the enterprise).
Historical Valuation Ratios (Summary)
International Business Machines Corp., historical price multiples (quarterly data)
Based on: 10-Q (filing date: 2018-10-30), 10-Q (filing date: 2018-07-31), 10-Q (filing date: 2018-04-24), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-27), 10-Q (filing date: 2017-10-31), 10-Q (filing date: 2017-07-25), 10-Q (filing date: 2017-04-25), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-28), 10-Q (filing date: 2016-10-25), 10-Q (filing date: 2016-07-26), 10-Q (filing date: 2016-04-26), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-23), 10-Q (filing date: 2015-10-27), 10-Q (filing date: 2015-07-28), 10-Q (filing date: 2015-04-28), 10-K (filing date: 2015-02-24), 10-Q (filing date: 2014-10-28), 10-Q (filing date: 2014-07-29), 10-Q (filing date: 2014-04-29), 10-K (filing date: 2014-02-25), 10-Q (filing date: 2013-10-29), 10-Q (filing date: 2013-07-31), 10-Q (filing date: 2013-04-30).
| Ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| P/E ratio | The P/E ratio tells analyst how much an investor in common stock pays per dollar of current earnings. | International Business Machines Corp.’s P/E ratio declined from Q1 2018 to Q2 2018 and from Q2 2018 to Q3 2018. |
| P/OP ratio | Because P/E ratio is calculated using net income, the ratio can be sensitive to nonrecurring earnings and capital structure, analysts may use price to operating profit. | International Business Machines Corp.’s P/OP ratio declined from Q1 2018 to Q2 2018 and from Q2 2018 to Q3 2018. |
| P/S ratio | An rationale for the P/S ratio is that sales, as the top line in an income statement, are generally less subject to distortion or manipulation than other fundamentals such as EPS or book value. Sales are also more stable than earnings and never negative. | International Business Machines Corp.’s P/S ratio declined from Q1 2018 to Q2 2018 and from Q2 2018 to Q3 2018. |
| P/BV ratio | The P/BV ratio is interpreted as an indicator of market judgment about the relationship between a company’s required rate of return and its actual rate of return. | International Business Machines Corp.’s P/BV ratio declined from Q1 2018 to Q2 2018 and from Q2 2018 to Q3 2018. |
Price to Earnings (P/E)
International Business Machines Corp., historical P/E calculation (quarterly data)
| Sep 30, 2018 | Jun 30, 2018 | Mar 31, 2018 | Dec 31, 2017 | Sep 30, 2017 | Jun 30, 2017 | Mar 31, 2017 | Dec 31, 2016 | Sep 30, 2016 | Jun 30, 2016 | Mar 31, 2016 | Dec 31, 2015 | Sep 30, 2015 | Jun 30, 2015 | Mar 31, 2015 | Dec 31, 2014 | Sep 30, 2014 | Jun 30, 2014 | Mar 31, 2014 | Dec 31, 2013 | Sep 30, 2013 | Jun 30, 2013 | Mar 31, 2013 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. shares of common stock outstanding1 | |
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| Selected Financial Data (USD $) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income (in millions) | |
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| Earnings per share (EPS)3 | |
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| Share price1, 2 | |
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| P/E ratio4 | |
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Based on: 10-Q (filing date: 2018-10-30), 10-Q (filing date: 2018-07-31), 10-Q (filing date: 2018-04-24), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-27), 10-Q (filing date: 2017-10-31), 10-Q (filing date: 2017-07-25), 10-Q (filing date: 2017-04-25), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-28), 10-Q (filing date: 2016-10-25), 10-Q (filing date: 2016-07-26), 10-Q (filing date: 2016-04-26), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-23), 10-Q (filing date: 2015-10-27), 10-Q (filing date: 2015-07-28), 10-Q (filing date: 2015-04-28), 10-K (filing date: 2015-02-24), 10-Q (filing date: 2014-10-28), 10-Q (filing date: 2014-07-29), 10-Q (filing date: 2014-04-29), 10-K (filing date: 2014-02-25), 10-Q (filing date: 2013-10-29), 10-Q (filing date: 2013-07-31), 10-Q (filing date: 2013-04-30).
1 Data adjusted for splits and stock dividends.
2 Close price on the filing date of International Business Machines Corp.’s Quarterly or Annual Report.
Q3 2018 Calculations
3 EPS
= (Net incomeQ3 2018
+ Net incomeQ2 2018
+ Net incomeQ1 2018
+ Net incomeQ4 2017)
÷ No. shares of common stock outstanding
= ( + + + )
÷ =
4 P/E ratio = Share price ÷ EPS
= ÷ =
| Ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| P/E ratio | The P/E ratio tells analyst how much an investor in common stock pays per dollar of current earnings. | International Business Machines Corp.’s P/E ratio declined from Q1 2018 to Q2 2018 and from Q2 2018 to Q3 2018. |
Price to Operating Profit (P/OP)
International Business Machines Corp., historical P/OP calculation (quarterly data)
| Sep 30, 2018 | Jun 30, 2018 | Mar 31, 2018 | Dec 31, 2017 | Sep 30, 2017 | Jun 30, 2017 | Mar 31, 2017 | Dec 31, 2016 | Sep 30, 2016 | Jun 30, 2016 | Mar 31, 2016 | Dec 31, 2015 | Sep 30, 2015 | Jun 30, 2015 | Mar 31, 2015 | Dec 31, 2014 | Sep 30, 2014 | Jun 30, 2014 | Mar 31, 2014 | Dec 31, 2013 | Sep 30, 2013 | Jun 30, 2013 | Mar 31, 2013 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. shares of common stock outstanding1 | |
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| Selected Financial Data (USD $) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating income (in millions) | |
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| Operating profit per share3 | |
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| Share price1, 2 | |
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| P/OP ratio4 | |
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Based on: 10-Q (filing date: 2018-10-30), 10-Q (filing date: 2018-07-31), 10-Q (filing date: 2018-04-24), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-27), 10-Q (filing date: 2017-10-31), 10-Q (filing date: 2017-07-25), 10-Q (filing date: 2017-04-25), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-28), 10-Q (filing date: 2016-10-25), 10-Q (filing date: 2016-07-26), 10-Q (filing date: 2016-04-26), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-23), 10-Q (filing date: 2015-10-27), 10-Q (filing date: 2015-07-28), 10-Q (filing date: 2015-04-28), 10-K (filing date: 2015-02-24), 10-Q (filing date: 2014-10-28), 10-Q (filing date: 2014-07-29), 10-Q (filing date: 2014-04-29), 10-K (filing date: 2014-02-25), 10-Q (filing date: 2013-10-29), 10-Q (filing date: 2013-07-31), 10-Q (filing date: 2013-04-30).
1 Data adjusted for splits and stock dividends.
2 Close price on the filing date of International Business Machines Corp.’s Quarterly or Annual Report.
Q3 2018 Calculations
3 Operating profit per share
= (Operating incomeQ3 2018
+ Operating incomeQ2 2018
+ Operating incomeQ1 2018
+ Operating incomeQ4 2017)
÷ No. shares of common stock outstanding
= ( + + + )
÷ =
4 P/OP ratio = Share price ÷ Operating profit per share
= ÷ =
| Ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| P/OP ratio | Because P/E ratio is calculated using net income, the ratio can be sensitive to nonrecurring earnings and capital structure, analysts may use price to operating profit. | International Business Machines Corp.’s P/OP ratio declined from Q1 2018 to Q2 2018 and from Q2 2018 to Q3 2018. |
Price to Sales (P/S)
International Business Machines Corp., historical P/S calculation (quarterly data)
| Sep 30, 2018 | Jun 30, 2018 | Mar 31, 2018 | Dec 31, 2017 | Sep 30, 2017 | Jun 30, 2017 | Mar 31, 2017 | Dec 31, 2016 | Sep 30, 2016 | Jun 30, 2016 | Mar 31, 2016 | Dec 31, 2015 | Sep 30, 2015 | Jun 30, 2015 | Mar 31, 2015 | Dec 31, 2014 | Sep 30, 2014 | Jun 30, 2014 | Mar 31, 2014 | Dec 31, 2013 | Sep 30, 2013 | Jun 30, 2013 | Mar 31, 2013 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. shares of common stock outstanding1 | |
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| Selected Financial Data (USD $) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenue (in millions) | |
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| Sales per share3 | |
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| Share price1, 2 | |
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| P/S ratio4 | |
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Based on: 10-Q (filing date: 2018-10-30), 10-Q (filing date: 2018-07-31), 10-Q (filing date: 2018-04-24), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-27), 10-Q (filing date: 2017-10-31), 10-Q (filing date: 2017-07-25), 10-Q (filing date: 2017-04-25), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-28), 10-Q (filing date: 2016-10-25), 10-Q (filing date: 2016-07-26), 10-Q (filing date: 2016-04-26), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-23), 10-Q (filing date: 2015-10-27), 10-Q (filing date: 2015-07-28), 10-Q (filing date: 2015-04-28), 10-K (filing date: 2015-02-24), 10-Q (filing date: 2014-10-28), 10-Q (filing date: 2014-07-29), 10-Q (filing date: 2014-04-29), 10-K (filing date: 2014-02-25), 10-Q (filing date: 2013-10-29), 10-Q (filing date: 2013-07-31), 10-Q (filing date: 2013-04-30).
1 Data adjusted for splits and stock dividends.
2 Close price on the filing date of International Business Machines Corp.’s Quarterly or Annual Report.
Q3 2018 Calculations
3 Sales per share
= (RevenueQ3 2018
+ RevenueQ2 2018
+ RevenueQ1 2018
+ RevenueQ4 2017)
÷ No. shares of common stock outstanding
= ( + + + )
÷ =
4 P/S ratio = Share price ÷ Sales per share
= ÷ =
| Ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| P/S ratio | An rationale for the P/S ratio is that sales, as the top line in an income statement, are generally less subject to distortion or manipulation than other fundamentals such as EPS or book value. Sales are also more stable than earnings and never negative. | International Business Machines Corp.’s P/S ratio declined from Q1 2018 to Q2 2018 and from Q2 2018 to Q3 2018. |
Price to Book Value (P/BV)
International Business Machines Corp., historical P/BV calculation (quarterly data)
| Sep 30, 2018 | Jun 30, 2018 | Mar 31, 2018 | Dec 31, 2017 | Sep 30, 2017 | Jun 30, 2017 | Mar 31, 2017 | Dec 31, 2016 | Sep 30, 2016 | Jun 30, 2016 | Mar 31, 2016 | Dec 31, 2015 | Sep 30, 2015 | Jun 30, 2015 | Mar 31, 2015 | Dec 31, 2014 | Sep 30, 2014 | Jun 30, 2014 | Mar 31, 2014 | Dec 31, 2013 | Sep 30, 2013 | Jun 30, 2013 | Mar 31, 2013 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. shares of common stock outstanding1 | |
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| Selected Financial Data (USD $) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total IBM stockholders’ equity (in millions) | |
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| Book value per share (BVPS)3 | |
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| Share price1, 2 | |
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| P/BV ratio4 | |
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Based on: 10-Q (filing date: 2018-10-30), 10-Q (filing date: 2018-07-31), 10-Q (filing date: 2018-04-24), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-27), 10-Q (filing date: 2017-10-31), 10-Q (filing date: 2017-07-25), 10-Q (filing date: 2017-04-25), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-28), 10-Q (filing date: 2016-10-25), 10-Q (filing date: 2016-07-26), 10-Q (filing date: 2016-04-26), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-23), 10-Q (filing date: 2015-10-27), 10-Q (filing date: 2015-07-28), 10-Q (filing date: 2015-04-28), 10-K (filing date: 2015-02-24), 10-Q (filing date: 2014-10-28), 10-Q (filing date: 2014-07-29), 10-Q (filing date: 2014-04-29), 10-K (filing date: 2014-02-25), 10-Q (filing date: 2013-10-29), 10-Q (filing date: 2013-07-31), 10-Q (filing date: 2013-04-30).
1 Data adjusted for splits and stock dividends.
2 Close price on the filing date of International Business Machines Corp.’s Quarterly or Annual Report.
Q3 2018 Calculations
3 BVPS = Total IBM stockholders’ equity ÷ No. shares of common stock outstanding
= ÷ =
4 P/BV ratio = Share price ÷ BVPS
= ÷ =
| Ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| P/BV ratio | The P/BV ratio is interpreted as an indicator of market judgment about the relationship between a company’s required rate of return and its actual rate of return. | International Business Machines Corp.’s P/BV ratio declined from Q1 2018 to Q2 2018 and from Q2 2018 to Q3 2018. |