Debt to Equity
since 2005
Calculation
Booking Holdings Inc., debt to equity, long-term trends, calculation
| Debt to equity | = | Total debt1 | ÷ | Stockholders’ equity (deficit)1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dec 31, 2025 | — | = | 18,736) | ÷ | (5,578) |
| Dec 31, 2024 | — | = | 16,598) | ÷ | (4,020) |
| Dec 31, 2023 | — | = | 14,184) | ÷ | (2,744) |
| Dec 31, 2022 | 4.49 | = | 12,485) | ÷ | 2,782) |
| Dec 31, 2021 | 1.77 | = | 10,926) | ÷ | 6,178) |
| Dec 31, 2020 | 2.46 | = | 12,014) | ÷ | 4,893) |
| Dec 31, 2019 | 1.45 | = | 8,628) | ÷ | 5,933) |
| Dec 31, 2018 | 0.98 | = | 8,649) | ÷ | 8,785) |
| Dec 31, 2017 | 0.85 | = | 9,521) | ÷ | 11,261) |
| Dec 31, 2016 | 0.73 | = | 7,138) | ÷ | 9,820) |
| Dec 31, 2015 | 0.70 | = | 6,158) | ÷ | 8,795) |
| Dec 31, 2014 | 0.45 | = | 3,887) | ÷ | 8,567) |
| Dec 31, 2013 | 0.28 | = | 1,903) | ÷ | 6,910) |
| Dec 31, 2012 | 0.37 | = | 1,457) | ÷ | 3,897) |
| Dec 31, 2011 | 0.22 | = | 575) | ÷ | 2,574) |
| Dec 31, 2010 | 0.26 | = | 476) | ÷ | 1,813) |
| Dec 31, 2009 | 0.15 | = | 196) | ÷ | 1,322) |
| Dec 31, 2008 | 0.54 | = | 393) | ÷ | 730) |
| Dec 31, 2007 | 0.98 | = | 570) | ÷ | 579) |
| Dec 31, 2006 | 1.63 | = | 569) | ÷ | 349) |
| Dec 31, 2005 | 0.61 | = | 224) | ÷ | 369) |
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2025-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2018-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2017-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2016-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2015-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2014-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2013-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2012-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2011-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2010-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2009-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2008-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2007-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2006-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2005-12-31).
1 US$ in millions
The debt to equity ratio for the analyzed period demonstrates significant fluctuations. Initially, the ratio exhibited volatility, followed by a period of relative stability, and then a marked increase in recent years.
- Early Period (2005-2009)
- From 2005 to 2009, the debt to equity ratio experienced considerable variation. It began at 0.61 in 2005, increased to a peak of 1.63 in 2006, then decreased to 0.15 by 2009. This suggests a period of shifting financial leverage, potentially influenced by strategic borrowing and repayment activities or changes in equity valuation. The substantial decrease in 2009 indicates a significant reduction in debt relative to equity during that year.
- Period of Stability (2010-2014)
- Between 2010 and 2014, the debt to equity ratio remained relatively stable, fluctuating between 0.26 and 0.45. This suggests a more consistent approach to financial leverage during this timeframe. While not entirely flat, the changes were less dramatic than those observed in the preceding years.
- Increasing Leverage (2015-2019)
- From 2015 to 2019, the ratio generally increased, moving from 0.70 to 1.45. This indicates a growing reliance on debt financing relative to equity. The increase was particularly noticeable in the latter part of this period, suggesting a deliberate strategy to increase leverage.
- Recent Significant Increase (2020-2025)
- The period from 2020 onwards shows a dramatic increase in the debt to equity ratio. It rose from 2.46 in 2020 to 4.49 in 2021, and continued to increase, reaching undefined values for 2022, 2023, and 2024. Simultaneously, stockholders’ equity transitioned from positive values to a deficit, beginning in 2022. This substantial increase in the ratio, coupled with the negative equity position, signals a significant shift in the company’s capital structure and a potentially heightened level of financial risk. The undefined values for the later years suggest a potentially unsustainable debt position relative to equity.
Overall, the trend indicates a move from a more conservatively leveraged position to one with substantially increased debt relative to equity, culminating in a negative equity position. This shift warrants further investigation to understand the underlying drivers and potential implications for the company’s financial health.
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Comparison to Competitors
Booking Holdings Inc., debt to equity, long-term trends, comparison to competitors
| Booking Holdings Inc. | Airbnb Inc. | Chipotle Mexican Grill Inc. | DoorDash, Inc. | McDonald’s Corp. | Starbucks Corp. | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dec 31, 2025 | — | 0.24 | 0.00 | 0.27 | — | — |
| Dec 31, 2024 | — | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | — | — |
| Dec 31, 2023 | — | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | — | — |
| Dec 31, 2022 | 4.49 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | — | — |
| Dec 31, 2021 | 1.77 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | — | — |
| Dec 31, 2020 | 2.46 | 0.63 | 0.00 | 0.08 | — | — |
| Dec 31, 2019 | 1.45 | — | 0.00 | — | — | — |
| Dec 31, 2018 | 0.98 | — | 0.00 | — | — | 8.07 |
| Dec 31, 2017 | 0.85 | — | 0.00 | — | — | 0.72 |
| Dec 31, 2016 | 0.73 | — | 0.00 | — | — | 0.61 |
| Dec 31, 2015 | 0.70 | — | 0.00 | — | 3.40 | 0.40 |
| Dec 31, 2014 | 0.45 | — | 0.00 | — | 1.17 | 0.39 |
| Dec 31, 2013 | 0.28 | — | 0.00 | — | 0.88 | 0.29 |
| Dec 31, 2012 | 0.37 | — | 0.00 | — | 0.89 | 0.11 |
| Dec 31, 2011 | 0.22 | — | 0.00 | — | 0.87 | 0.13 |
| Dec 31, 2010 | 0.26 | — | 0.00 | — | 0.79 | 0.15 |
| Dec 31, 2009 | 0.15 | — | 0.00 | — | 0.75 | 0.18 |
| Dec 31, 2008 | 0.54 | — | 0.00 | — | 0.76 | 0.51 |
| Dec 31, 2007 | 0.98 | — | 0.00 | — | 0.61 | 0.55 |
| Dec 31, 2006 | 1.63 | — | 0.00 | — | 0.55 | 0.32 |
| Dec 31, 2005 | 0.61 | — | 0.00 | — | 0.67 | 0.13 |
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2025-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2018-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2017-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2016-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2015-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2014-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2013-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2012-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2011-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2010-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2009-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2008-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2007-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2006-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2005-12-31).
Comparison to Sector (Consumer Services)
Booking Holdings Inc., debt to equity, long-term trends, comparison to sector (consumer services)
| Booking Holdings Inc. | Consumer Services | |
|---|---|---|
| Dec 31, 2025 | — | 14.21 |
| Dec 31, 2024 | — | 15.33 |
| Dec 31, 2023 | — | 26.64 |
| Dec 31, 2022 | 4.49 | 23.03 |
| Dec 31, 2021 | 1.77 | 7.65 |
| Dec 31, 2020 | 2.46 | — |
| Dec 31, 2019 | 1.45 | — |
| Dec 31, 2018 | 0.98 | 9.57 |
| Dec 31, 2017 | 0.85 | 2.90 |
| Dec 31, 2016 | 0.73 | 2.46 |
| Dec 31, 2015 | 0.70 | 1.37 |
| Dec 31, 2014 | 0.45 | 0.73 |
| Dec 31, 2013 | 0.28 | 0.60 |
| Dec 31, 2012 | 0.37 | 0.61 |
| Dec 31, 2011 | 0.22 | 0.61 |
| Dec 31, 2010 | 0.26 | 0.60 |
| Dec 31, 2009 | 0.15 | 0.59 |
| Dec 31, 2008 | 0.54 | 0.69 |
| Dec 31, 2007 | 0.98 | 0.60 |
| Dec 31, 2006 | 1.63 | 0.52 |
| Dec 31, 2005 | 0.61 | 0.59 |
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2025-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2018-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2017-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2016-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2015-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2014-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2013-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2012-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2011-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2010-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2009-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2008-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2007-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2006-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2005-12-31).
Comparison to Industry (Consumer Discretionary)
Booking Holdings Inc., debt to equity, long-term trends, comparison to industry (consumer discretionary)
| Booking Holdings Inc. | Consumer Discretionary | |
|---|---|---|
| Dec 31, 2025 | — | 0.89 |
| Dec 31, 2024 | — | 1.06 |
| Dec 31, 2023 | — | 1.28 |
| Dec 31, 2022 | 4.49 | 1.44 |
| Dec 31, 2021 | 1.77 | 1.41 |
| Dec 31, 2020 | 2.46 | 2.17 |
| Dec 31, 2019 | 1.45 | 2.60 |
| Dec 31, 2018 | 0.98 | 2.59 |
| Dec 31, 2017 | 0.85 | 2.55 |
| Dec 31, 2016 | 0.73 | 2.21 |
| Dec 31, 2015 | 0.70 | 1.88 |
| Dec 31, 2014 | 0.45 | 1.60 |
| Dec 31, 2013 | 0.28 | 1.25 |
| Dec 31, 2012 | 0.37 | 1.19 |
| Dec 31, 2011 | 0.22 | 1.09 |
| Dec 31, 2010 | 0.26 | 1.26 |
| Dec 31, 2009 | 0.15 | 2.58 |
| Dec 31, 2008 | 0.54 | 4.06 |
| Dec 31, 2007 | 0.98 | 2.62 |
| Dec 31, 2006 | 1.63 | 2.96 |
| Dec 31, 2005 | 0.61 | 2.35 |
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2025-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2018-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2017-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2016-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2015-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2014-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2013-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2012-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2011-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2010-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2009-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2008-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2007-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2006-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2005-12-31).