Analysis of Solvency Ratios
Quarterly Data
Solvency ratios also known as long-term debt ratios measure a company ability to meet long-term obligations.
Solvency Ratios (Summary)
International Business Machines Corp., solvency ratios (quarterly data)
Based on: 10-Q (reporting date: 2026-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2026-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2025-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-03-31).
An overall improvement in solvency and a reduction in financial risk are evident throughout the period from March 2022 to June 2026. There is a consistent downward trend in leverage metrics, indicating a strategic shift toward a more equity-heavy capital structure and a reduction in the reliance on borrowed funds to finance assets.
- Leverage and Equity Ratios
- A significant reduction in the debt-to-equity ratio is observed, decreasing from 2.85 in March 2022 to 1.80 by June 2026. This trend remains consistent when operating lease liabilities are included, falling from 3.02 to 1.89 over the same period. Similarly, financial leverage shows a marked decline, dropping from a peak of 7.00 to 4.41, which suggests a substantial decrease in the company's total assets relative to its equity.
- Capital and Asset Composition
- Debt-to-capital ratios exhibit a gradual and steady decline, moving from 0.74 to 0.64. While the decrease is less aggressive than that of the debt-to-equity ratio, it confirms a long-term trend of deleveraging. Debt-to-asset ratios remained relatively stable, oscillating between 0.40 and 0.44, indicating that while total debt has decreased relative to equity, it has maintained a consistent proportion of the overall asset base.
- Interest Coverage and Debt Servicing
- The interest coverage ratio experienced significant volatility. A sharp decline occurred between September 2022 and March 2023, where the ratio dropped from 6.01 to a low of 1.59, suggesting a temporary period of increased pressure on debt servicing. However, a strong recovery followed, with the ratio climbing back to and stabilizing at 6.41 by June 2026, indicating a restored and improved capacity to meet interest obligations from operating profits.
In summary, the financial trajectory is characterized by a systemic reduction in leverage and a strengthening of the balance sheet. The convergence of lower debt-to-equity levels and the recovery of interest coverage suggests an enhanced solvency position and reduced financial vulnerability by the end of the observed period.
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Debt Ratios
Coverage Ratios
Debt to Equity
International Business Machines Corp., debt to equity calculation (quarterly data)
| Jun 30, 2026 | Mar 31, 2026 | Dec 31, 2025 | Sep 30, 2025 | Jun 30, 2025 | Mar 31, 2025 | Dec 31, 2024 | Sep 30, 2024 | Jun 30, 2024 | Mar 31, 2024 | Dec 31, 2023 | Sep 30, 2023 | Jun 30, 2023 | Mar 31, 2023 | Dec 31, 2022 | Sep 30, 2022 | Jun 30, 2022 | Mar 31, 2022 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Short-term debt | 5,775) | 8,655) | 6,424) | 7,942) | 8,945) | 6,913) | 5,089) | 3,599) | 3,602) | 5,471) | 6,426) | 6,414) | 6,785) | 4,887) | 4,760) | 5,937) | 5,981) | 7,690) | ||||||
| Long-term debt, excluding current maturities | 56,212) | 57,706) | 54,836) | 55,174) | 55,219) | 56,371) | 49,884) | 52,980) | 52,929) | 54,033) | 50,121) | 48,828) | 50,691) | 53,826) | 46,189) | 44,942) | 44,328) | 46,545) | ||||||
| Total debt | 61,987) | 66,361) | 61,260) | 63,116) | 64,164) | 63,284) | 54,973) | 56,579) | 56,531) | 59,504) | 56,547) | 55,242) | 57,476) | 58,713) | 50,949) | 50,879) | 50,309) | 54,235) | ||||||
| Total IBM stockholders’ equity | 34,452) | 32,974) | 32,648) | 27,905) | 27,509) | 26,880) | 27,307) | 24,448) | 24,026) | 23,261) | 22,533) | 23,081) | 22,201) | 21,604) | 21,944) | 20,076) | 19,409) | 19,050) | ||||||
| Solvency Ratio | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Debt to equity1 | 1.80 | 2.01 | 1.88 | 2.26 | 2.33 | 2.35 | 2.01 | 2.31 | 2.35 | 2.56 | 2.51 | 2.39 | 2.59 | 2.72 | 2.32 | 2.53 | 2.59 | 2.85 | ||||||
| Benchmarks | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Debt to Equity, Competitors2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accenture PLC | 0.16 | 0.17 | 0.17 | 0.17 | 0.18 | 0.18 | 0.04 | 0.06 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | ||||||
| Adobe Inc. | 0.58 | 0.54 | 0.53 | 0.53 | 0.54 | 0.47 | 0.40 | 0.39 | 0.38 | 0.24 | 0.22 | 0.23 | 0.24 | 0.26 | 0.29 | 0.29 | 0.30 | 0.30 | ||||||
| AppLovin Corp. | 1.11 | 1.49 | 1.65 | 2.38 | 3.01 | 6.45 | 3.22 | 3.74 | 4.32 | 4.64 | 2.48 | 2.85 | 2.11 | 1.69 | 1.69 | 1.71 | 1.69 | 1.60 | ||||||
| Cadence Design Systems Inc. | 0.36 | 0.44 | 0.45 | 0.48 | 0.49 | 0.52 | 0.53 | 0.62 | 0.32 | 0.18 | 0.19 | 0.21 | 0.22 | 0.23 | 0.27 | 0.29 | 0.13 | 0.13 | ||||||
| CrowdStrike Holdings Inc. | 0.20 | 0.22 | 0.23 | 0.24 | 0.26 | 0.29 | 0.32 | 0.37 | 0.40 | 0.46 | 0.51 | 0.56 | 0.60 | 0.67 | 0.72 | 0.78 | 0.82 | 0.87 | ||||||
| Datadog Inc. | 0.23 | 0.25 | 0.26 | 0.29 | 0.31 | 0.55 | 0.59 | 0.28 | 0.31 | 0.34 | 0.37 | 0.41 | 0.45 | 0.49 | 0.52 | 0.57 | 0.61 | 0.66 | ||||||
| Intuit Inc. | 0.32 | 0.32 | 0.30 | 0.32 | 0.35 | 0.34 | 0.33 | 0.32 | 0.35 | 0.35 | 0.35 | 0.38 | 0.45 | 0.43 | 0.42 | 0.40 | 0.43 | 0.21 | ||||||
| Microsoft Corp. | 0.10 | 0.12 | 0.13 | 0.13 | 0.15 | 0.16 | 0.19 | 0.26 | 0.31 | 0.32 | 0.23 | 0.25 | 0.26 | 0.28 | 0.30 | 0.31 | 0.33 | 0.35 | ||||||
| Oracle Corp. | 3.61 | 3.78 | 4.53 | 5.75 | 6.45 | 7.81 | 9.98 | 15.65 | 22.97 | 37.53 | 84.33 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||
| Palantir Technologies Inc. | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | ||||||
| Palo Alto Networks Inc. | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.05 | 0.08 | 0.11 | 0.19 | 0.26 | 0.42 | 0.90 | 1.14 | 2.99 | 5.05 | 7.24 | 17.51 | 10.89 | 31.19 | 7.08 | ||||||
| Salesforce Inc. | 0.14 | 0.14 | 0.14 | 0.14 | 0.15 | 0.16 | 0.16 | 0.16 | 0.16 | 0.17 | 0.18 | 0.18 | 0.18 | 0.18 | 0.18 | 0.19 | 0.24 | 0.06 | ||||||
| ServiceNow Inc. | 0.60 | 0.13 | 0.12 | 0.13 | 0.14 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.16 | 0.17 | 0.18 | 0.20 | 0.21 | 0.21 | 0.27 | 0.30 | 0.33 | 0.35 | 0.39 | ||||||
| Synopsys Inc. | 0.33 | 0.33 | 0.48 | 0.52 | 1.01 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | ||||||
| Workday Inc. | 0.33 | 0.33 | 0.33 | 0.35 | 0.36 | 0.37 | 0.37 | 0.45 | 0.47 | 0.50 | 0.53 | 0.55 | 0.80 | 0.86 | 0.41 | 0.44 | 0.48 | 0.55 | ||||||
Based on: 10-Q (reporting date: 2026-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2026-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2025-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-03-31).
1 Q2 2026 Calculation
Debt to equity = Total debt ÷ Total IBM stockholders’ equity
= 61,987 ÷ 34,452 = 1.80
2 Click competitor name to see calculations.
The analysis of solvency indicators over the period from March 31, 2022, to June 30, 2026, reveals a consistent improvement in the organization's capital structure. While total debt experienced fluctuations and an overall increase in absolute terms, a more aggressive growth in stockholders' equity has resulted in a sustained downward trend in the debt-to-equity ratio, signaling reduced financial leverage and enhanced long-term solvency.
- Total Debt Trends
- Total debt exhibited volatility throughout the observed period. An initial decline from 54,235 million USD in March 2022 to 50,309 million USD by June 2022 was followed by several cycles of expansion and contraction. Notable peaks occurred in March 2023 (58,713 million USD) and March 2026 (66,361 million USD). Despite these periodic increases, the debt levels remained relatively stable within a range of 50 billion to 66 billion USD.
- Stockholders' Equity Growth
- A strong and consistent upward trajectory is observed in total stockholders' equity. Starting at 19,050 million USD in March 2022, equity grew steadily to reach 34,452 million USD by June 2026. This represents a significant expansion of the equity base, which served as the primary driver for the improvement in the solvency ratio, effectively offsetting the increases in total debt.
- Debt to Equity Ratio Analysis
- The debt-to-equity ratio decreased from a peak of 2.85 in March 2022 to 1.80 by June 2026. The trajectory was not linear, characterized by a temporary spike to 2.72 in March 2023, but it maintained a general descent. Key milestones in deleveraging include the drop to 2.01 in December 2024 and a further decline to 1.88 in December 2025. This reduction indicates a strategic shift toward a more balanced financing mix, reducing the company's reliance on borrowed capital relative to shareholder investment.
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Debt to Equity (including Operating Lease Liability)
International Business Machines Corp., debt to equity (including operating lease liability) calculation (quarterly data)
| Jun 30, 2026 | Mar 31, 2026 | Dec 31, 2025 | Sep 30, 2025 | Jun 30, 2025 | Mar 31, 2025 | Dec 31, 2024 | Sep 30, 2024 | Jun 30, 2024 | Mar 31, 2024 | Dec 31, 2023 | Sep 30, 2023 | Jun 30, 2023 | Mar 31, 2023 | Dec 31, 2022 | Sep 30, 2022 | Jun 30, 2022 | Mar 31, 2022 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Short-term debt | 5,775) | 8,655) | 6,424) | 7,942) | 8,945) | 6,913) | 5,089) | 3,599) | 3,602) | 5,471) | 6,426) | 6,414) | 6,785) | 4,887) | 4,760) | 5,937) | 5,981) | 7,690) | ||||||
| Long-term debt, excluding current maturities | 56,212) | 57,706) | 54,836) | 55,174) | 55,219) | 56,371) | 49,884) | 52,980) | 52,929) | 54,033) | 50,121) | 48,828) | 50,691) | 53,826) | 46,189) | 44,942) | 44,328) | 46,545) | ||||||
| Total debt | 61,987) | 66,361) | 61,260) | 63,116) | 64,164) | 63,284) | 54,973) | 56,579) | 56,531) | 59,504) | 56,547) | 55,242) | 57,476) | 58,713) | 50,949) | 50,879) | 50,309) | 54,235) | ||||||
| Current operating lease liabilities | 770) | 798) | 800) | 807) | 820) | 798) | 768) | 790) | 762) | 784) | 820) | 807) | 842) | 869) | 874) | 844) | 884) | 954) | ||||||
| Noncurrent operating lease liabilities | 2,515) | 2,643) | 2,547) | 2,646) | 2,735) | 2,753) | 2,655) | 2,757) | 2,546) | 2,583) | 2,568) | 2,476) | 1,986) | 2,094) | 2,190) | 2,103) | 2,182) | 2,358) | ||||||
| Total debt (including operating lease liability) | 65,272) | 69,802) | 64,607) | 66,569) | 67,719) | 66,835) | 58,396) | 60,126) | 59,839) | 62,871) | 59,935) | 58,525) | 60,304) | 61,676) | 54,013) | 53,826) | 53,375) | 57,547) | ||||||
| Total IBM stockholders’ equity | 34,452) | 32,974) | 32,648) | 27,905) | 27,509) | 26,880) | 27,307) | 24,448) | 24,026) | 23,261) | 22,533) | 23,081) | 22,201) | 21,604) | 21,944) | 20,076) | 19,409) | 19,050) | ||||||
| Solvency Ratio | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Debt to equity (including operating lease liability)1 | 1.89 | 2.12 | 1.98 | 2.39 | 2.46 | 2.49 | 2.14 | 2.46 | 2.49 | 2.70 | 2.66 | 2.54 | 2.72 | 2.85 | 2.46 | 2.68 | 2.75 | 3.02 | ||||||
| Benchmarks | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Debt to Equity (including Operating Lease Liability), Competitors2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accenture PLC | 0.27 | 0.27 | 0.26 | 0.27 | 0.28 | 0.28 | 0.15 | 0.17 | 0.12 | 0.12 | 0.12 | 0.12 | 0.14 | 0.14 | 0.15 | 0.16 | 0.17 | 0.17 | ||||||
| Adobe Inc. | 0.61 | 0.58 | 0.57 | 0.56 | 0.57 | 0.50 | 0.43 | 0.42 | 0.41 | 0.26 | 0.25 | 0.26 | 0.28 | 0.29 | 0.33 | 0.32 | 0.33 | 0.34 | ||||||
| CrowdStrike Holdings Inc. | 0.22 | 0.23 | 0.24 | 0.26 | 0.28 | 0.31 | 0.34 | 0.39 | 0.43 | 0.49 | 0.54 | 0.59 | 0.63 | 0.70 | 0.76 | 0.82 | 0.86 | 0.92 | ||||||
| Datadog Inc. | 0.29 | 0.32 | 0.34 | 0.37 | 0.40 | 0.64 | 0.68 | 0.37 | 0.40 | 0.43 | 0.45 | 0.49 | 0.54 | 0.56 | 0.59 | 0.65 | 0.67 | 0.72 | ||||||
| Intuit Inc. | 0.36 | 0.35 | 0.33 | 0.35 | 0.38 | 0.37 | 0.35 | 0.34 | 0.38 | 0.37 | 0.38 | 0.40 | 0.48 | 0.47 | 0.45 | 0.43 | 0.46 | 0.25 | ||||||
| Microsoft Corp. | 0.15 | 0.17 | 0.18 | 0.19 | 0.21 | 0.21 | 0.25 | 0.32 | 0.37 | 0.39 | 0.29 | 0.31 | 0.33 | 0.35 | 0.37 | 0.38 | 0.40 | 0.42 | ||||||
| Oracle Corp. | 4.15 | 4.36 | 5.09 | 5.75 | 6.45 | 7.81 | 9.98 | 15.65 | 22.97 | 37.53 | 84.33 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||
| Palantir Technologies Inc. | 0.02 | 0.03 | 0.02 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.05 | 0.06 | 0.07 | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.09 | 0.09 | 0.10 | ||||||
| Palo Alto Networks Inc. | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.10 | 0.14 | 0.17 | 0.26 | 0.34 | 0.50 | 1.02 | 1.30 | 3.20 | 5.42 | 7.80 | 18.82 | 11.70 | 33.58 | 7.65 | ||||||
| Salesforce Inc. | 0.18 | 0.19 | 0.19 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.21 | 0.21 | 0.22 | 0.22 | 0.23 | 0.24 | 0.24 | 0.23 | 0.24 | 0.24 | 0.25 | 0.30 | 0.14 | ||||||
| ServiceNow Inc. | 0.68 | 0.21 | 0.19 | 0.21 | 0.22 | 0.24 | 0.24 | 0.24 | 0.26 | 0.28 | 0.30 | 0.31 | 0.32 | 0.40 | 0.44 | 0.47 | 0.51 | 0.55 | ||||||
| Synopsys Inc. | 0.36 | 0.36 | 0.50 | 0.55 | 1.08 | 0.07 | 0.08 | 0.09 | 0.09 | 0.10 | 0.11 | 0.12 | 0.12 | 0.12 | 0.12 | 0.12 | 0.12 | 0.11 | ||||||
| Workday Inc. | 0.41 | 0.38 | 0.37 | 0.39 | 0.40 | 0.41 | 0.41 | 0.49 | 0.52 | 0.55 | 0.58 | 0.60 | 0.86 | 0.92 | 0.46 | 0.51 | 0.56 | 0.63 | ||||||
Based on: 10-Q (reporting date: 2026-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2026-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2025-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-03-31).
1 Q2 2026 Calculation
Debt to equity (including operating lease liability) = Total debt (including operating lease liability) ÷ Total IBM stockholders’ equity
= 65,272 ÷ 34,452 = 1.89
2 Click competitor name to see calculations.
A comprehensive evaluation of the solvency metrics indicates a sustained improvement in the long-term financial leverage position from March 2022 through June 2026. The most significant observation is the steady reduction in the debt-to-equity ratio, reflecting a strategic shift toward a more equity-heavy capital structure.
- Total Debt Trends
- Total debt, including operating lease liabilities, exhibited notable volatility throughout the analyzed period. Debt levels reached a low of 53,375 million in June 2022 and experienced a peak of 69,802 million in March 2026. While the absolute level of debt increased over the long term, the movements were non-linear, characterized by intermittent periods of reduction and accumulation.
- Stockholders' Equity Expansion
- Total stockholders' equity demonstrated a consistent and strong upward trajectory. Starting at 19,050 million in March 2022, equity grew to 34,452 million by June 2026. This persistent growth in the net asset base indicates an increase in internal funding and a strengthened financial cushion against liabilities.
- Debt to Equity Ratio Analysis
- The debt-to-equity ratio declined from a high of 3.02 in March 2022 to 1.89 by June 2026. Despite temporary increases, such as the rise to 2.85 in March 2023, the general trend remained downward. The improvement in this ratio was primarily driven by the fact that stockholders' equity expanded at a significantly faster rate than total debt, thereby reducing the company's relative dependence on borrowed funds and improving its overall solvency profile.
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Debt to Capital
International Business Machines Corp., debt to capital calculation (quarterly data)
| Jun 30, 2026 | Mar 31, 2026 | Dec 31, 2025 | Sep 30, 2025 | Jun 30, 2025 | Mar 31, 2025 | Dec 31, 2024 | Sep 30, 2024 | Jun 30, 2024 | Mar 31, 2024 | Dec 31, 2023 | Sep 30, 2023 | Jun 30, 2023 | Mar 31, 2023 | Dec 31, 2022 | Sep 30, 2022 | Jun 30, 2022 | Mar 31, 2022 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Short-term debt | 5,775) | 8,655) | 6,424) | 7,942) | 8,945) | 6,913) | 5,089) | 3,599) | 3,602) | 5,471) | 6,426) | 6,414) | 6,785) | 4,887) | 4,760) | 5,937) | 5,981) | 7,690) | ||||||
| Long-term debt, excluding current maturities | 56,212) | 57,706) | 54,836) | 55,174) | 55,219) | 56,371) | 49,884) | 52,980) | 52,929) | 54,033) | 50,121) | 48,828) | 50,691) | 53,826) | 46,189) | 44,942) | 44,328) | 46,545) | ||||||
| Total debt | 61,987) | 66,361) | 61,260) | 63,116) | 64,164) | 63,284) | 54,973) | 56,579) | 56,531) | 59,504) | 56,547) | 55,242) | 57,476) | 58,713) | 50,949) | 50,879) | 50,309) | 54,235) | ||||||
| Total IBM stockholders’ equity | 34,452) | 32,974) | 32,648) | 27,905) | 27,509) | 26,880) | 27,307) | 24,448) | 24,026) | 23,261) | 22,533) | 23,081) | 22,201) | 21,604) | 21,944) | 20,076) | 19,409) | 19,050) | ||||||
| Total capital | 96,439) | 99,335) | 93,908) | 91,021) | 91,673) | 90,164) | 82,280) | 81,027) | 80,557) | 82,765) | 79,080) | 78,323) | 79,677) | 80,317) | 72,893) | 70,955) | 69,718) | 73,285) | ||||||
| Solvency Ratio | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Debt to capital1 | 0.64 | 0.67 | 0.65 | 0.69 | 0.70 | 0.70 | 0.67 | 0.70 | 0.70 | 0.72 | 0.72 | 0.71 | 0.72 | 0.73 | 0.70 | 0.72 | 0.72 | 0.74 | ||||||
| Benchmarks | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Debt to Capital, Competitors2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accenture PLC | 0.14 | 0.14 | 0.14 | 0.14 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.03 | 0.06 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | ||||||
| Adobe Inc. | 0.37 | 0.35 | 0.35 | 0.35 | 0.35 | 0.32 | 0.29 | 0.28 | 0.27 | 0.19 | 0.18 | 0.19 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.23 | 0.22 | 0.23 | 0.23 | ||||||
| AppLovin Corp. | 0.53 | 0.60 | 0.62 | 0.70 | 0.75 | 0.87 | 0.76 | 0.79 | 0.81 | 0.82 | 0.71 | 0.74 | 0.68 | 0.63 | 0.63 | 0.63 | 0.63 | 0.62 | ||||||
| Cadence Design Systems Inc. | 0.27 | 0.31 | 0.31 | 0.32 | 0.33 | 0.34 | 0.35 | 0.38 | 0.24 | 0.15 | 0.16 | 0.17 | 0.18 | 0.19 | 0.21 | 0.23 | 0.12 | 0.11 | ||||||
| CrowdStrike Holdings Inc. | 0.17 | 0.18 | 0.18 | 0.20 | 0.21 | 0.23 | 0.24 | 0.27 | 0.29 | 0.32 | 0.34 | 0.36 | 0.38 | 0.40 | 0.42 | 0.44 | 0.45 | 0.47 | ||||||
| Datadog Inc. | 0.18 | 0.20 | 0.21 | 0.22 | 0.23 | 0.36 | 0.37 | 0.22 | 0.24 | 0.25 | 0.27 | 0.29 | 0.31 | 0.33 | 0.34 | 0.36 | 0.38 | 0.40 | ||||||
| Intuit Inc. | 0.24 | 0.24 | 0.23 | 0.24 | 0.26 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.24 | 0.26 | 0.26 | 0.26 | 0.27 | 0.31 | 0.30 | 0.30 | 0.29 | 0.30 | 0.17 | ||||||
| Microsoft Corp. | 0.09 | 0.11 | 0.11 | 0.12 | 0.13 | 0.14 | 0.16 | 0.21 | 0.24 | 0.24 | 0.19 | 0.20 | 0.21 | 0.22 | 0.23 | 0.23 | 0.25 | 0.26 | ||||||
| Oracle Corp. | 0.78 | 0.79 | 0.82 | 0.85 | 0.87 | 0.89 | 0.91 | 0.94 | 0.96 | 0.97 | 0.99 | 1.03 | 1.05 | 1.07 | 1.09 | 1.12 | 1.15 | 1.02 | ||||||
| Palantir Technologies Inc. | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | ||||||
| Palo Alto Networks Inc. | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.05 | 0.08 | 0.10 | 0.16 | 0.21 | 0.29 | 0.47 | 0.53 | 0.75 | 0.83 | 0.88 | 0.95 | 0.92 | 0.97 | 0.88 | ||||||
| Salesforce Inc. | 0.12 | 0.12 | 0.12 | 0.13 | 0.13 | 0.14 | 0.14 | 0.14 | 0.14 | 0.14 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.16 | 0.19 | 0.06 | ||||||
| ServiceNow Inc. | 0.38 | 0.11 | 0.10 | 0.12 | 0.12 | 0.13 | 0.13 | 0.14 | 0.15 | 0.16 | 0.16 | 0.17 | 0.18 | 0.21 | 0.23 | 0.25 | 0.26 | 0.28 | ||||||
| Synopsys Inc. | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.32 | 0.34 | 0.50 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | ||||||
| Workday Inc. | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.26 | 0.26 | 0.27 | 0.27 | 0.31 | 0.32 | 0.33 | 0.35 | 0.35 | 0.45 | 0.46 | 0.29 | 0.30 | 0.32 | 0.35 | ||||||
Based on: 10-Q (reporting date: 2026-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2026-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2025-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-03-31).
1 Q2 2026 Calculation
Debt to capital = Total debt ÷ Total capital
= 61,987 ÷ 96,439 = 0.64
2 Click competitor name to see calculations.
The solvency profile exhibits a general downward trend in the debt-to-capital ratio over the observed period, indicating a gradual shift in the capital structure toward a lower proportion of debt relative to total capital. While total debt and total capital both increased in absolute terms, total capital grew at a pace that effectively diluted the debt ratio from a peak of 0.74 in March 2022 to a low of 0.64 by June 2026.
- Total Debt Trends
- Total debt demonstrated significant volatility throughout the period. An initial decline occurred in mid-2022, followed by a sharp increase to 58.7 billion in March 2023. Subsequent fluctuations were observed, with a notable peak of 66.3 billion in March 2026 before retreating to 61.9 billion in June 2026. This indicates a pattern of periodic borrowing or debt restructuring.
- Total Capital Expansion
- Total capital exhibited a consistent and steady upward trajectory. Starting at 73.2 billion in March 2022, the figure rose incrementally to 99.3 billion by March 2026. The stability of this growth suggests a consistent increase in the company's overall funding base, likely driven by retained earnings or equity contributions that outweighed the volatility seen in debt levels.
- Debt to Capital Ratio Analysis
- The debt-to-capital ratio remained relatively stable between 0.70 and 0.74 for the majority of 2022 and 2023. A more pronounced decline began in late 2024, with the ratio dropping to 0.67 in December 2024. Despite subsequent spikes in absolute debt, the ratio continued a general descent through 2025 and 2026, closing at 0.64. This divergence confirms that the growth in total capital consistently outpaced the growth in total debt during the latter half of the analyzed period, improving the overall solvency position.
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Debt to Capital (including Operating Lease Liability)
International Business Machines Corp., debt to capital (including operating lease liability) calculation (quarterly data)
| Jun 30, 2026 | Mar 31, 2026 | Dec 31, 2025 | Sep 30, 2025 | Jun 30, 2025 | Mar 31, 2025 | Dec 31, 2024 | Sep 30, 2024 | Jun 30, 2024 | Mar 31, 2024 | Dec 31, 2023 | Sep 30, 2023 | Jun 30, 2023 | Mar 31, 2023 | Dec 31, 2022 | Sep 30, 2022 | Jun 30, 2022 | Mar 31, 2022 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Short-term debt | 5,775) | 8,655) | 6,424) | 7,942) | 8,945) | 6,913) | 5,089) | 3,599) | 3,602) | 5,471) | 6,426) | 6,414) | 6,785) | 4,887) | 4,760) | 5,937) | 5,981) | 7,690) | ||||||
| Long-term debt, excluding current maturities | 56,212) | 57,706) | 54,836) | 55,174) | 55,219) | 56,371) | 49,884) | 52,980) | 52,929) | 54,033) | 50,121) | 48,828) | 50,691) | 53,826) | 46,189) | 44,942) | 44,328) | 46,545) | ||||||
| Total debt | 61,987) | 66,361) | 61,260) | 63,116) | 64,164) | 63,284) | 54,973) | 56,579) | 56,531) | 59,504) | 56,547) | 55,242) | 57,476) | 58,713) | 50,949) | 50,879) | 50,309) | 54,235) | ||||||
| Current operating lease liabilities | 770) | 798) | 800) | 807) | 820) | 798) | 768) | 790) | 762) | 784) | 820) | 807) | 842) | 869) | 874) | 844) | 884) | 954) | ||||||
| Noncurrent operating lease liabilities | 2,515) | 2,643) | 2,547) | 2,646) | 2,735) | 2,753) | 2,655) | 2,757) | 2,546) | 2,583) | 2,568) | 2,476) | 1,986) | 2,094) | 2,190) | 2,103) | 2,182) | 2,358) | ||||||
| Total debt (including operating lease liability) | 65,272) | 69,802) | 64,607) | 66,569) | 67,719) | 66,835) | 58,396) | 60,126) | 59,839) | 62,871) | 59,935) | 58,525) | 60,304) | 61,676) | 54,013) | 53,826) | 53,375) | 57,547) | ||||||
| Total IBM stockholders’ equity | 34,452) | 32,974) | 32,648) | 27,905) | 27,509) | 26,880) | 27,307) | 24,448) | 24,026) | 23,261) | 22,533) | 23,081) | 22,201) | 21,604) | 21,944) | 20,076) | 19,409) | 19,050) | ||||||
| Total capital (including operating lease liability) | 99,724) | 102,776) | 97,255) | 94,474) | 95,228) | 93,715) | 85,703) | 84,574) | 83,865) | 86,132) | 82,468) | 81,606) | 82,505) | 83,280) | 75,957) | 73,902) | 72,784) | 76,597) | ||||||
| Solvency Ratio | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Debt to capital (including operating lease liability)1 | 0.65 | 0.68 | 0.66 | 0.70 | 0.71 | 0.71 | 0.68 | 0.71 | 0.71 | 0.73 | 0.73 | 0.72 | 0.73 | 0.74 | 0.71 | 0.73 | 0.73 | 0.75 | ||||||
| Benchmarks | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Debt to Capital (including Operating Lease Liability), Competitors2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accenture PLC | 0.21 | 0.21 | 0.21 | 0.21 | 0.22 | 0.22 | 0.13 | 0.14 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.11 | 0.11 | 0.12 | 0.13 | 0.13 | 0.14 | 0.15 | 0.15 | ||||||
| Adobe Inc. | 0.38 | 0.37 | 0.36 | 0.36 | 0.36 | 0.33 | 0.30 | 0.29 | 0.29 | 0.21 | 0.20 | 0.21 | 0.22 | 0.23 | 0.25 | 0.24 | 0.25 | 0.25 | ||||||
| CrowdStrike Holdings Inc. | 0.18 | 0.19 | 0.19 | 0.21 | 0.22 | 0.24 | 0.26 | 0.28 | 0.30 | 0.33 | 0.35 | 0.37 | 0.39 | 0.41 | 0.43 | 0.45 | 0.46 | 0.48 | ||||||
| Datadog Inc. | 0.23 | 0.24 | 0.26 | 0.27 | 0.28 | 0.39 | 0.40 | 0.27 | 0.29 | 0.30 | 0.31 | 0.33 | 0.35 | 0.36 | 0.37 | 0.39 | 0.40 | 0.42 | ||||||
| Intuit Inc. | 0.26 | 0.26 | 0.25 | 0.26 | 0.28 | 0.27 | 0.26 | 0.25 | 0.28 | 0.27 | 0.28 | 0.29 | 0.32 | 0.32 | 0.31 | 0.30 | 0.31 | 0.20 | ||||||
| Microsoft Corp. | 0.13 | 0.14 | 0.15 | 0.16 | 0.17 | 0.18 | 0.20 | 0.24 | 0.27 | 0.28 | 0.23 | 0.24 | 0.25 | 0.26 | 0.27 | 0.27 | 0.29 | 0.29 | ||||||
| Oracle Corp. | 0.81 | 0.81 | 0.84 | 0.85 | 0.87 | 0.89 | 0.91 | 0.94 | 0.96 | 0.97 | 0.99 | 1.03 | 1.05 | 1.07 | 1.09 | 1.12 | 1.15 | 1.02 | ||||||
| Palantir Technologies Inc. | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.06 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.09 | ||||||
| Palo Alto Networks Inc. | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.09 | 0.12 | 0.15 | 0.21 | 0.26 | 0.33 | 0.51 | 0.56 | 0.76 | 0.84 | 0.89 | 0.95 | 0.92 | 0.97 | 0.88 | ||||||
| Salesforce Inc. | 0.15 | 0.16 | 0.16 | 0.16 | 0.17 | 0.17 | 0.17 | 0.18 | 0.18 | 0.19 | 0.19 | 0.19 | 0.19 | 0.19 | 0.19 | 0.20 | 0.23 | 0.13 | ||||||
| ServiceNow Inc. | 0.40 | 0.17 | 0.16 | 0.18 | 0.18 | 0.19 | 0.19 | 0.19 | 0.21 | 0.22 | 0.23 | 0.24 | 0.24 | 0.29 | 0.31 | 0.32 | 0.34 | 0.36 | ||||||
| Synopsys Inc. | 0.26 | 0.26 | 0.34 | 0.35 | 0.52 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.09 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.11 | 0.11 | 0.11 | 0.11 | 0.11 | 0.10 | ||||||
| Workday Inc. | 0.29 | 0.28 | 0.27 | 0.28 | 0.29 | 0.29 | 0.29 | 0.33 | 0.34 | 0.35 | 0.37 | 0.38 | 0.46 | 0.48 | 0.32 | 0.34 | 0.36 | 0.39 | ||||||
Based on: 10-Q (reporting date: 2026-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2026-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2025-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-03-31).
1 Q2 2026 Calculation
Debt to capital (including operating lease liability) = Total debt (including operating lease liability) ÷ Total capital (including operating lease liability)
= 65,272 ÷ 99,724 = 0.65
2 Click competitor name to see calculations.
The analysis of solvency metrics from March 2022 through June 2026 reveals a strategic evolution in the capital structure, characterized by an increase in absolute debt levels that is consistently offset by a more significant expansion of total capital.
- Total Debt Trends
- Absolute debt, inclusive of operating lease liabilities, exhibited cyclical volatility with a general upward trajectory. Following a reduction to 53.3 billion USD in June 2022, debt levels climbed to a peak of 69.8 billion USD by March 2026. The most significant increases were observed during the first quarters of 2023, 2025, and 2026, suggesting periodic increases in borrowing or lease obligations.
- Total Capital Expansion
- Total capital demonstrated a steady growth pattern, increasing from 76.6 billion USD in March 2022 to 99.7 billion USD by June 2026. A notable acceleration in capital growth occurred between December 2024 and March 2026, where total capital consistently remained above 93 billion USD, indicating a strengthening of the overall financial base.
- Debt to Capital Ratio Analysis
- The debt to capital ratio shows a gradual and sustained improvement over the analyzed period. Starting at a high of 0.75 in March 2022, the ratio fluctuated within a narrow range of 0.71 to 0.74 through 2023. A downward trend became more pronounced starting in December 2024, when the ratio dropped to 0.68, eventually reaching a period low of 0.65 by June 2026. This trajectory indicates that capital accumulation has outpaced the accumulation of debt, resulting in reduced financial leverage and an improved solvency profile.
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Debt to Assets
International Business Machines Corp., debt to assets calculation (quarterly data)
| Jun 30, 2026 | Mar 31, 2026 | Dec 31, 2025 | Sep 30, 2025 | Jun 30, 2025 | Mar 31, 2025 | Dec 31, 2024 | Sep 30, 2024 | Jun 30, 2024 | Mar 31, 2024 | Dec 31, 2023 | Sep 30, 2023 | Jun 30, 2023 | Mar 31, 2023 | Dec 31, 2022 | Sep 30, 2022 | Jun 30, 2022 | Mar 31, 2022 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Short-term debt | 5,775) | 8,655) | 6,424) | 7,942) | 8,945) | 6,913) | 5,089) | 3,599) | 3,602) | 5,471) | 6,426) | 6,414) | 6,785) | 4,887) | 4,760) | 5,937) | 5,981) | 7,690) | ||||||
| Long-term debt, excluding current maturities | 56,212) | 57,706) | 54,836) | 55,174) | 55,219) | 56,371) | 49,884) | 52,980) | 52,929) | 54,033) | 50,121) | 48,828) | 50,691) | 53,826) | 46,189) | 44,942) | 44,328) | 46,545) | ||||||
| Total debt | 61,987) | 66,361) | 61,260) | 63,116) | 64,164) | 63,284) | 54,973) | 56,579) | 56,531) | 59,504) | 56,547) | 55,242) | 57,476) | 58,713) | 50,949) | 50,879) | 50,309) | 54,235) | ||||||
| Total assets | 152,099) | 156,229) | 151,880) | 146,312) | 148,585) | 145,667) | 137,175) | 134,339) | 133,848) | 137,169) | 135,241) | 129,321) | 132,213) | 133,637) | 127,243) | 125,850) | 127,503) | 133,275) | ||||||
| Solvency Ratio | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Debt to assets1 | 0.41 | 0.42 | 0.40 | 0.43 | 0.43 | 0.43 | 0.40 | 0.42 | 0.42 | 0.43 | 0.42 | 0.43 | 0.43 | 0.44 | 0.40 | 0.40 | 0.39 | 0.41 | ||||||
| Benchmarks | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Debt to Assets, Competitors2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accenture PLC | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.09 | 0.09 | 0.02 | 0.03 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | ||||||
| Adobe Inc. | 0.22 | 0.21 | 0.21 | 0.22 | 0.22 | 0.21 | 0.19 | 0.19 | 0.19 | 0.13 | 0.12 | 0.12 | 0.13 | 0.14 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.16 | 0.16 | ||||||
| AppLovin Corp. | 0.43 | 0.46 | 0.48 | 0.55 | 0.59 | 0.65 | 0.60 | 0.64 | 0.67 | 0.67 | 0.58 | 0.62 | 0.58 | 0.54 | 0.55 | 0.55 | 0.54 | 0.52 | ||||||
| Cadence Design Systems Inc. | 0.21 | 0.24 | 0.24 | 0.26 | 0.26 | 0.27 | 0.28 | 0.31 | 0.19 | 0.11 | 0.11 | 0.12 | 0.13 | 0.13 | 0.15 | 0.16 | 0.08 | 0.08 | ||||||
| CrowdStrike Holdings Inc. | 0.08 | 0.09 | 0.09 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.11 | 0.11 | 0.13 | 0.13 | 0.14 | 0.15 | 0.17 | 0.18 | 0.19 | 0.20 | 0.22 | 0.24 | 0.26 | ||||||
| Datadog Inc. | 0.13 | 0.14 | 0.15 | 0.16 | 0.17 | 0.27 | 0.28 | 0.16 | 0.17 | 0.18 | 0.19 | 0.21 | 0.22 | 0.24 | 0.25 | 0.26 | 0.28 | 0.29 | ||||||
| Intuit Inc. | 0.18 | 0.18 | 0.16 | 0.18 | 0.20 | 0.18 | 0.19 | 0.19 | 0.20 | 0.21 | 0.22 | 0.23 | 0.26 | 0.26 | 0.25 | 0.24 | 0.26 | 0.14 | ||||||
| Microsoft Corp. | 0.06 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.09 | 0.10 | 0.14 | 0.16 | 0.16 | 0.11 | 0.13 | 0.13 | 0.14 | 0.14 | 0.14 | 0.16 | 0.16 | ||||||
| Oracle Corp. | 0.53 | 0.51 | 0.55 | 0.60 | 0.60 | 0.59 | 0.62 | 0.64 | 0.66 | 0.65 | 0.67 | 0.70 | 0.71 | 0.70 | 0.69 | 0.72 | 0.73 | 0.67 | ||||||
| Palantir Technologies Inc. | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | ||||||
| Palo Alto Networks Inc. | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.02 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.05 | 0.06 | 0.10 | 0.13 | 0.14 | 0.26 | 0.28 | 0.29 | 0.30 | 0.33 | 0.35 | 0.35 | ||||||
| Salesforce Inc. | 0.09 | 0.09 | 0.08 | 0.09 | 0.09 | 0.10 | 0.09 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.11 | 0.12 | 0.11 | 0.11 | 0.11 | 0.12 | 0.15 | 0.04 | ||||||
| ServiceNow Inc. | 0.24 | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.09 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.11 | 0.11 | 0.13 | 0.13 | 0.14 | ||||||
| Synopsys Inc. | 0.21 | 0.21 | 0.28 | 0.30 | 0.42 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | ||||||
| Workday Inc. | 0.17 | 0.17 | 0.17 | 0.18 | 0.18 | 0.19 | 0.18 | 0.21 | 0.22 | 0.22 | 0.22 | 0.24 | 0.31 | 0.32 | 0.18 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.22 | ||||||
Based on: 10-Q (reporting date: 2026-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2026-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2025-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-03-31).
1 Q2 2026 Calculation
Debt to assets = Total debt ÷ Total assets
= 61,987 ÷ 152,099 = 0.41
2 Click competitor name to see calculations.
The analysis of solvency indicators reveals a consistent financial structure characterized by a stable debt-to-asset relationship over the period from March 2022 to June 2026. Despite absolute increases in both liabilities and assets, the organization maintained a disciplined leverage profile, avoiding significant volatility in its solvency position.
- Debt to Assets Ratio
- The ratio fluctuated within a narrow range between 0.39 and 0.44. A peak of 0.44 was recorded in March 2023, after which the ratio largely stabilized between 0.40 and 0.43. This consistency indicates that the proportion of assets financed through debt remained steady, reflecting a controlled approach to leverage.
- Total Debt Dynamics
- Total debt exhibited a general upward trajectory over the analyzed period. Starting at 54,235 million USD in March 2022, debt levels experienced periodic fluctuations, reaching a high of 66,361 million USD in March 2026 before settling at 61,987 million USD by June 2026. This represents an overall increase in absolute borrowing over the four-year span.
- Total Assets Evolution
- Total assets demonstrated a parallel growth trend, rising from 133,275 million USD in March 2022 to 152,099 million USD in June 2026. A period of accelerated growth is observable between December 2023 and March 2026, where assets climbed from 135,241 million USD to a peak of 156,229 million USD.
- Correlation Between Debt and Assets
- The stability of the solvency ratio is a direct result of the proportional growth between total debt and total assets. As the absolute volume of debt increased, the asset base expanded at a nearly identical rate, preventing the debt-to-assets ratio from escalating. This suggests a strategic alignment where new debt was effectively utilized to acquire or fund assets, thereby maintaining a constant solvency equilibrium.
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Debt to Assets (including Operating Lease Liability)
International Business Machines Corp., debt to assets (including operating lease liability) calculation (quarterly data)
| Jun 30, 2026 | Mar 31, 2026 | Dec 31, 2025 | Sep 30, 2025 | Jun 30, 2025 | Mar 31, 2025 | Dec 31, 2024 | Sep 30, 2024 | Jun 30, 2024 | Mar 31, 2024 | Dec 31, 2023 | Sep 30, 2023 | Jun 30, 2023 | Mar 31, 2023 | Dec 31, 2022 | Sep 30, 2022 | Jun 30, 2022 | Mar 31, 2022 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Short-term debt | 5,775) | 8,655) | 6,424) | 7,942) | 8,945) | 6,913) | 5,089) | 3,599) | 3,602) | 5,471) | 6,426) | 6,414) | 6,785) | 4,887) | 4,760) | 5,937) | 5,981) | 7,690) | ||||||
| Long-term debt, excluding current maturities | 56,212) | 57,706) | 54,836) | 55,174) | 55,219) | 56,371) | 49,884) | 52,980) | 52,929) | 54,033) | 50,121) | 48,828) | 50,691) | 53,826) | 46,189) | 44,942) | 44,328) | 46,545) | ||||||
| Total debt | 61,987) | 66,361) | 61,260) | 63,116) | 64,164) | 63,284) | 54,973) | 56,579) | 56,531) | 59,504) | 56,547) | 55,242) | 57,476) | 58,713) | 50,949) | 50,879) | 50,309) | 54,235) | ||||||
| Current operating lease liabilities | 770) | 798) | 800) | 807) | 820) | 798) | 768) | 790) | 762) | 784) | 820) | 807) | 842) | 869) | 874) | 844) | 884) | 954) | ||||||
| Noncurrent operating lease liabilities | 2,515) | 2,643) | 2,547) | 2,646) | 2,735) | 2,753) | 2,655) | 2,757) | 2,546) | 2,583) | 2,568) | 2,476) | 1,986) | 2,094) | 2,190) | 2,103) | 2,182) | 2,358) | ||||||
| Total debt (including operating lease liability) | 65,272) | 69,802) | 64,607) | 66,569) | 67,719) | 66,835) | 58,396) | 60,126) | 59,839) | 62,871) | 59,935) | 58,525) | 60,304) | 61,676) | 54,013) | 53,826) | 53,375) | 57,547) | ||||||
| Total assets | 152,099) | 156,229) | 151,880) | 146,312) | 148,585) | 145,667) | 137,175) | 134,339) | 133,848) | 137,169) | 135,241) | 129,321) | 132,213) | 133,637) | 127,243) | 125,850) | 127,503) | 133,275) | ||||||
| Solvency Ratio | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Debt to assets (including operating lease liability)1 | 0.43 | 0.45 | 0.43 | 0.45 | 0.46 | 0.46 | 0.43 | 0.45 | 0.45 | 0.46 | 0.44 | 0.45 | 0.46 | 0.46 | 0.42 | 0.43 | 0.42 | 0.43 | ||||||
| Benchmarks | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Debt to Assets (including Operating Lease Liability), Competitors2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accenture PLC | 0.12 | 0.13 | 0.13 | 0.13 | 0.13 | 0.14 | 0.07 | 0.08 | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.08 | ||||||
| Adobe Inc. | 0.24 | 0.22 | 0.23 | 0.23 | 0.23 | 0.22 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.14 | 0.14 | 0.14 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.17 | 0.17 | 0.18 | 0.18 | ||||||
| CrowdStrike Holdings Inc. | 0.09 | 0.09 | 0.09 | 0.10 | 0.11 | 0.12 | 0.12 | 0.14 | 0.14 | 0.15 | 0.16 | 0.17 | 0.19 | 0.20 | 0.21 | 0.24 | 0.25 | 0.27 | ||||||
| Datadog Inc. | 0.17 | 0.18 | 0.19 | 0.21 | 0.22 | 0.31 | 0.32 | 0.21 | 0.22 | 0.23 | 0.23 | 0.25 | 0.27 | 0.27 | 0.28 | 0.30 | 0.31 | 0.32 | ||||||
| Intuit Inc. | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.18 | 0.19 | 0.22 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.22 | 0.22 | 0.24 | 0.25 | 0.28 | 0.28 | 0.27 | 0.25 | 0.27 | 0.16 | ||||||
| Microsoft Corp. | 0.09 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.11 | 0.12 | 0.12 | 0.13 | 0.17 | 0.19 | 0.19 | 0.15 | 0.16 | 0.16 | 0.17 | 0.17 | 0.18 | 0.19 | 0.19 | ||||||
| Oracle Corp. | 0.61 | 0.58 | 0.62 | 0.60 | 0.60 | 0.59 | 0.62 | 0.64 | 0.66 | 0.65 | 0.67 | 0.70 | 0.71 | 0.70 | 0.69 | 0.72 | 0.73 | 0.67 | ||||||
| Palantir Technologies Inc. | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.03 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.05 | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.07 | 0.07 | ||||||
| Palo Alto Networks Inc. | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.03 | 0.04 | 0.05 | 0.07 | 0.09 | 0.12 | 0.15 | 0.16 | 0.28 | 0.30 | 0.32 | 0.32 | 0.36 | 0.38 | 0.38 | ||||||
| Salesforce Inc. | 0.12 | 0.12 | 0.11 | 0.12 | 0.12 | 0.13 | 0.13 | 0.14 | 0.14 | 0.14 | 0.14 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.16 | 0.19 | 0.09 | ||||||
| ServiceNow Inc. | 0.27 | 0.10 | 0.09 | 0.11 | 0.11 | 0.11 | 0.11 | 0.12 | 0.12 | 0.13 | 0.13 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.16 | 0.17 | 0.19 | 0.19 | 0.20 | ||||||
| Synopsys Inc. | 0.23 | 0.23 | 0.30 | 0.31 | 0.45 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.07 | ||||||
| Workday Inc. | 0.21 | 0.20 | 0.19 | 0.20 | 0.21 | 0.21 | 0.20 | 0.24 | 0.24 | 0.25 | 0.24 | 0.26 | 0.33 | 0.34 | 0.20 | 0.23 | 0.24 | 0.25 | ||||||
Based on: 10-Q (reporting date: 2026-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2026-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2025-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-03-31).
1 Q2 2026 Calculation
Debt to assets (including operating lease liability) = Total debt (including operating lease liability) ÷ Total assets
= 65,272 ÷ 152,099 = 0.43
2 Click competitor name to see calculations.
The solvency profile exhibits a period of relative stability, characterized by proportional growth in both total liabilities and total assets. While absolute values for debt and assets increased over the analyzed timeframe, the resulting debt-to-assets ratio remained within a narrow range, indicating a consistent approach to leverage and capital structure management.
- Total Debt Trends
- Total debt, including operating lease liabilities, demonstrated moderate volatility with a general upward trajectory. After reaching a period low of 53,375 million USD in June 2022, debt levels climbed to a peak of 69,802 million USD by March 2026. Notable increases occurred in early 2023 and early 2025, though these were often followed by marginal quarterly reductions, suggesting a pattern of strategic borrowing and periodic repayment.
- Total Asset Expansion
- Total assets mirrored the growth seen in debt, rising from 133,275 million USD in March 2022 to a peak of 156,229 million USD in December 2025. A temporary contraction was observed between June 2022 and September 2022, reaching a low of 125,850 million USD, before entering a sustained growth phase. This expansion in the asset base has effectively offset the increase in total debt.
- Debt to Assets Ratio Analysis
- The debt-to-assets ratio remained remarkably stable, fluctuating between a minimum of 0.42 and a maximum of 0.46. The ratio peaked at 0.46 during several intervals, including the second quarter of 2023 and the first half of 2025. By June 2026, the ratio returned to 0.43, aligning closely with the initial levels observed in early 2022. This consistency indicates that the organization has maintained a disciplined solvency threshold, ensuring that debt does not outpace asset growth.
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Financial Leverage
International Business Machines Corp., financial leverage calculation (quarterly data)
| Jun 30, 2026 | Mar 31, 2026 | Dec 31, 2025 | Sep 30, 2025 | Jun 30, 2025 | Mar 31, 2025 | Dec 31, 2024 | Sep 30, 2024 | Jun 30, 2024 | Mar 31, 2024 | Dec 31, 2023 | Sep 30, 2023 | Jun 30, 2023 | Mar 31, 2023 | Dec 31, 2022 | Sep 30, 2022 | Jun 30, 2022 | Mar 31, 2022 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total assets | 152,099) | 156,229) | 151,880) | 146,312) | 148,585) | 145,667) | 137,175) | 134,339) | 133,848) | 137,169) | 135,241) | 129,321) | 132,213) | 133,637) | 127,243) | 125,850) | 127,503) | 133,275) | ||||||
| Total IBM stockholders’ equity | 34,452) | 32,974) | 32,648) | 27,905) | 27,509) | 26,880) | 27,307) | 24,448) | 24,026) | 23,261) | 22,533) | 23,081) | 22,201) | 21,604) | 21,944) | 20,076) | 19,409) | 19,050) | ||||||
| Solvency Ratio | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Financial leverage1 | 4.41 | 4.74 | 4.65 | 5.24 | 5.40 | 5.42 | 5.02 | 5.49 | 5.57 | 5.90 | 6.00 | 5.60 | 5.96 | 6.19 | 5.80 | 6.27 | 6.57 | 7.00 | ||||||
| Benchmarks | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Financial Leverage, Competitors2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accenture PLC | 2.15 | 2.10 | 2.10 | 2.07 | 2.05 | 2.05 | 1.98 | 1.95 | 1.89 | 1.93 | 1.99 | 1.98 | 2.01 | 2.05 | 2.14 | 2.16 | 2.16 | 2.15 | ||||||
| Adobe Inc. | 2.60 | 2.60 | 2.54 | 2.44 | 2.46 | 2.29 | 2.14 | 2.05 | 2.02 | 1.86 | 1.80 | 1.84 | 1.88 | 1.88 | 1.93 | 1.86 | 1.88 | 1.89 | ||||||
| AppLovin Corp. | 2.61 | 3.26 | 3.40 | 4.30 | 5.11 | 9.92 | 5.39 | 5.80 | 6.47 | 6.92 | 4.27 | 4.57 | 3.61 | 3.12 | 3.07 | 3.08 | 3.11 | 3.06 | ||||||
| Cadence Design Systems Inc. | 1.76 | 1.84 | 1.85 | 1.85 | 1.90 | 1.89 | 1.92 | 2.01 | 1.70 | 1.60 | 1.67 | 1.74 | 1.77 | 1.76 | 1.87 | 1.83 | 1.66 | 1.59 | ||||||
| CrowdStrike Holdings Inc. | 2.47 | 2.53 | 2.65 | 2.55 | 2.52 | 2.70 | 2.88 | 2.87 | 3.00 | 3.20 | 3.43 | 3.40 | 3.39 | 3.48 | 3.53 | 3.48 | 3.47 | 3.39 | ||||||
| Datadog Inc. | 1.73 | 1.74 | 1.78 | 1.76 | 1.82 | 2.06 | 2.13 | 1.76 | 1.83 | 1.88 | 1.94 | 1.96 | 2.01 | 2.08 | 2.13 | 2.17 | 2.18 | 2.26 | ||||||
| Intuit Inc. | 1.80 | 1.72 | 1.88 | 1.82 | 1.77 | 1.83 | 1.74 | 1.68 | 1.76 | 1.68 | 1.61 | 1.64 | 1.72 | 1.69 | 1.69 | 1.68 | 1.69 | 1.53 | ||||||
| Microsoft Corp. | 1.70 | 1.75 | 1.80 | 1.75 | 1.76 | 1.82 | 1.91 | 1.91 | 1.97 | 2.02 | 2.00 | 1.95 | 1.99 | 2.07 | 2.19 | 2.12 | 2.13 | 2.21 | ||||||
| Oracle Corp. | 6.84 | 7.47 | 8.23 | 9.65 | 10.80 | 13.33 | 16.20 | 24.38 | 34.74 | 57.66 | 125.24 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||
| Palantir Technologies Inc. | 1.19 | 1.21 | 1.20 | 1.23 | 1.24 | 1.24 | 1.27 | 1.28 | 1.28 | 1.27 | 1.30 | 1.31 | 1.35 | 1.35 | 1.35 | 1.39 | 1.40 | 1.40 | ||||||
| Palo Alto Networks Inc. | 2.66 | 2.72 | 3.01 | 3.04 | 3.29 | 3.45 | 3.87 | 4.01 | 4.20 | 6.82 | 8.29 | 11.50 | 18.06 | 24.69 | 58.35 | 32.88 | 88.29 | 20.09 | ||||||
| Salesforce Inc. | 1.59 | 1.63 | 1.68 | 1.56 | 1.60 | 1.61 | 1.67 | 1.57 | 1.59 | 1.63 | 1.69 | 1.55 | 1.57 | 1.58 | 1.64 | 1.53 | 1.60 | 1.52 | ||||||
| ServiceNow Inc. | 2.53 | 2.08 | 2.01 | 1.93 | 2.02 | 2.07 | 2.12 | 1.98 | 2.10 | 2.16 | 2.28 | 2.10 | 2.15 | 2.43 | 2.64 | 2.46 | 2.65 | 2.75 | ||||||
| Synopsys Inc. | 1.54 | 1.55 | 1.70 | 1.75 | 2.40 | 1.40 | 1.45 | 1.51 | 1.54 | 1.58 | 1.68 | 1.67 | 1.68 | 1.70 | 1.71 | 1.66 | 1.66 | 1.65 | ||||||
| Workday Inc. | 1.96 | 1.93 | 1.99 | 1.90 | 1.95 | 1.95 | 2.04 | 2.10 | 2.19 | 2.23 | 2.41 | 2.29 | 2.58 | 2.68 | 2.31 | 2.24 | 2.36 | 2.53 | ||||||
Based on: 10-Q (reporting date: 2026-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2026-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2025-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-03-31).
1 Q2 2026 Calculation
Financial leverage = Total assets ÷ Total IBM stockholders’ equity
= 152,099 ÷ 34,452 = 4.41
2 Click competitor name to see calculations.
The financial position over the observed period from March 2022 to June 2026 is characterized by a systematic reduction in financial leverage, driven primarily by a consistent expansion of stockholders' equity relative to the growth of total assets.
- Total Assets Trend
- Total assets exhibited initial volatility, declining from 133,275 million USD in March 2022 to a low of 125,850 million USD by September 2022. Following this period, a general upward trajectory was established, with assets increasing steadily through 2023 and 2024. A peak was reached in December 2025 at 151,880 million USD before settling at 152,099 million USD by June 2026.
- Stockholders' Equity Growth
- Equity demonstrated a strong and consistent growth pattern throughout the period. Starting at 19,050 million USD in March 2022, the equity base expanded to 27,307 million USD by December 2023. Further acceleration occurred between December 2025 and June 2026, with the value rising from 32,648 million USD to 34,452 million USD, representing a significant increase in the company's net worth.
- Financial Leverage Analysis
- The financial leverage ratio shows a clear downward trend, indicating a reduction in the company's reliance on debt to finance its assets. The ratio decreased from 7.00 in March 2022 to 4.41 by June 2026. While there were minor fluctuations—such as a slight increase to 6.00 in December 2023—the overall movement reflects a deleveraging strategy. The most substantial reduction occurred in the latter part of the period, specifically between September 2025 and June 2026.
The convergence of increasing equity and a declining leverage ratio suggests an improved solvency profile. The company has successfully shifted its capital structure toward a more equity-heavy composition, thereby reducing financial risk and increasing its long-term stability.
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Interest Coverage
International Business Machines Corp., interest coverage calculation (quarterly data)
| Jun 30, 2026 | Mar 31, 2026 | Dec 31, 2025 | Sep 30, 2025 | Jun 30, 2025 | Mar 31, 2025 | Dec 31, 2024 | Sep 30, 2024 | Jun 30, 2024 | Mar 31, 2024 | Dec 31, 2023 | Sep 30, 2023 | Jun 30, 2023 | Mar 31, 2023 | Dec 31, 2022 | Sep 30, 2022 | Jun 30, 2022 | Mar 31, 2022 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) | 2,165) | 1,216) | 5,600) | 1,744) | 2,194) | 1,055) | 2,914) | (330) | 1,834) | 1,605) | 3,288) | 1,704) | 1,583) | 927) | 2,710) | (3,196) | 1,392) | 733) | ||||||
| Less: Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax | (1) | —) | 20) | —) | 1) | 1) | (13) | (13) | 4) | 30) | 3) | (10) | 2) | (7) | (159) | 18) | (73) | 71) | ||||||
| Add: Income tax expense | 313) | 171) | (1,437) | 686) | 404) | 104) | 379) | (485) | 389) | (501) | 474) | 159) | 419) | 124) | 443) | (1,287) | 257) | (39) | ||||||
| Add: Interest expense | 486) | 473) | 478) | 492) | 510) | 455) | 424) | 429) | 427) | 432) | 405) | 412) | 423) | 367) | 313) | 295) | 297) | 311) | ||||||
| Earnings before interest and tax (EBIT) | 2,965) | 1,860) | 4,621) | 2,922) | 3,107) | 1,613) | 3,730) | (373) | 2,646) | 1,506) | 4,164) | 2,285) | 2,423) | 1,425) | 3,625) | (4,206) | 2,019) | 934) | ||||||
| Solvency Ratio | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest coverage1 | 6.41 | 6.41 | 6.34 | 6.05 | 4.44 | 4.39 | 4.39 | 4.69 | 6.33 | 6.21 | 6.41 | 6.44 | 2.34 | 2.25 | 1.95 | 1.59 | 6.01 | 5.40 | ||||||
| Benchmarks | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest Coverage, Competitors2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accenture PLC | 40.77 | 39.97 | 45.94 | 57.86 | 80.38 | 135.71 | 165.48 | 175.20 | 175.18 | 168.23 | 193.31 | 220.23 | 212.89 | 217.31 | 195.34 | 188.01 | 133.08 | 133.32 | ||||||
| Adobe Inc. | 35.91 | 34.99 | 34.21 | 35.26 | 37.00 | 40.93 | 42.01 | 46.90 | 53.43 | 58.12 | 61.17 | 58.59 | 55.57 | 53.27 | 54.64 | 54.21 | 54.34 | 53.39 | ||||||
| AppLovin Corp. | 26.42 | 23.36 | 20.09 | 13.86 | 10.72 | 8.08 | 5.95 | 5.19 | 3.95 | 3.37 | 2.38 | 1.52 | 1.12 | 0.76 | -0.19 | 0.25 | 0.19 | 0.02 | ||||||
| Cadence Design Systems Inc. | 15.57 | 14.39 | 14.06 | 13.53 | 13.50 | 15.95 | 19.37 | 24.99 | 33.48 | 36.67 | 36.43 | 32.16 | 34.13 | 38.63 | 46.58 | 57.84 | 58.34 | 52.92 | ||||||
| CrowdStrike Holdings Inc. | -6.94 | -2.14 | 3.07 | 7.50 | 9.33 | 7.64 | 5.77 | 1.41 | -1.80 | -4.04 | -5.31 | -4.72 | -4.71 | -5.09 | -5.34 | -6.41 | -8.16 | -12.40 | ||||||
| Datadog Inc. | 18.53 | 14.75 | 12.49 | 12.47 | 15.42 | 22.90 | 29.85 | 37.27 | 33.23 | 24.08 | 10.56 | -1.85 | -5.72 | -4.15 | -1.30 | 0.81 | 1.72 | 1.24 | ||||||
| Intuit Inc. | 23.55 | 22.15 | 20.57 | 18.45 | 16.48 | 15.76 | 15.67 | 15.74 | 14.07 | 13.20 | 13.05 | 14.66 | 16.17 | 19.99 | 32.38 | 55.36 | 62.71 | 93.29 | ||||||
| Oracle Corp. | 5.51 | 4.94 | 4.96 | 4.96 | 4.81 | 4.60 | 4.34 | 4.08 | 3.88 | 3.74 | 3.60 | 3.96 | 4.41 | 3.33 | 3.78 | 3.98 | 4.23 | 6.06 | ||||||
| Palantir Technologies Inc. | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 3,786.90 | 499.52 | 149.97 | 69.33 | 34.43 | -5.32 | -49.82 | -87.97 | -176.15 | -201.09 | -194.27 | ||||||
| Palo Alto Networks Inc. | 2,071.33 | 911.61 | 532.90 | 427.74 | 269.85 | 163.77 | 120.07 | 72.96 | 46.08 | 35.96 | 21.82 | 10.40 | 4.05 | -1.99 | -6.56 | -4.28 | -3.42 | -2.65 | ||||||
| Salesforce Inc. | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||
| Synopsys Inc. | 2.26 | 2.97 | 4.12 | 5.50 | 11.64 | 31.24 | 44.06 | 78.90 | 174.76 | 852.56 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||
Based on: 10-Q (reporting date: 2026-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2026-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2025-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-03-31).
1 Q2 2026 Calculation
Interest coverage
= (EBITQ2 2026
+ EBITQ1 2026
+ EBITQ4 2025
+ EBITQ3 2025)
÷ (Interest expenseQ2 2026
+ Interest expenseQ1 2026
+ Interest expenseQ4 2025
+ Interest expenseQ3 2025)
= (2,965 + 1,860 + 4,621 + 2,922)
÷ (486 + 473 + 478 + 492)
= 6.41
2 Click competitor name to see calculations.
The analysis of solvency ratios reveals a period of operational volatility punctuated by significant recoveries and a general trend toward stabilization in interest coverage. While earnings before interest and tax (EBIT) experienced sharp fluctuations, the ability to service debt remained fundamentally intact despite a consistent rise in interest expenses.
- EBIT Performance and Volatility
- Earnings before interest and tax exhibit a recurring pattern of volatility, characterized by substantial declines in the third quarters of 2022 and 2024. Specifically, a severe contraction occurred in September 2022, with EBIT falling to negative 4,206 million USD. Conversely, a consistent seasonal peak is observed every December, with the highest value reaching 4,621 million USD in December 2025, indicating strong year-end operational performance.
- Interest Expense Trajectory
- A clear upward trend is observed in interest expenses over the analyzed period. Costs rose from a range of 295 to 313 million USD in 2022 to a sustained level near 486 million USD by June 2026. This steady increase suggests either an expansion of the debt portfolio or an increase in the average cost of borrowing.
- Interest Coverage Ratio Dynamics
- The interest coverage ratio fluctuated in correlation with EBIT volatility. A critical low occurred in September 2022 at 1.59, reflecting the operational downturn during that period. However, the ratio demonstrated resilience, recovering to peak levels above 6.0 throughout 2023 and again from September 2025 through June 2026. Despite the rising interest burden, the coverage ratio stabilized at 6.41 in the final two quarters of the period, indicating a robust capacity to meet interest obligations from operating profits.
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