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Analysis of Investments
Advanced level
Accounting Policy on Investments
All highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less at the date of purchase are classified as cash equivalents.
Apple’s investments in marketable debt securities have been classified and accounted for as available-for-sale. Apple classifies its marketable debt securities as either short-term or long-term based on each instrument’s underlying contractual maturity date. Unrealized gains and losses on marketable debt securities classified as available-for-sale are recognized in other comprehensive income/(loss) (“OCI”).
Apple’s investments in marketable equity securities are classified based on the nature of the securities and their availability for use in current operations. Apple’s marketable equity securities are measured at fair value with gains and losses recognized in other income/(expense), net (“OI&E”).
The cost of securities sold is determined using the specific identification method.
Source: 10-K (filing date: 2019-10-31).
Adjustment to Net Income (Loss): Mark to Market Available-for-sale Securities
Apple Inc., adjustment to net income
US$ in millions
Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2019-10-31), 10-K (filing date: 2018-11-05), 10-K (filing date: 2017-11-03), 10-K (filing date: 2016-10-26), 10-K (filing date: 2015-10-28), 10-K (filing date: 2014-10-27).
Adjusted Profitability Ratios: Mark to Market Available-for-sale Securities (Summary)
Apple Inc., adjusted profitability ratios
Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2019-10-31), 10-K (filing date: 2018-11-05), 10-K (filing date: 2017-11-03), 10-K (filing date: 2016-10-26), 10-K (filing date: 2015-10-28), 10-K (filing date: 2014-10-27).
| Profitability ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| Adjusted net profit margin | An indicator of profitability, calculated as adjusted net income divided by revenue. | Apple Inc.’s adjusted net profit margin ratio improved from 2017 to 2018 and from 2018 to 2019. |
| Adjusted ROE | A profitability ratio calculated as adjusted net income divided by shareholders’ equity. | Apple Inc.’s adjusted ROE improved from 2017 to 2018 and from 2018 to 2019. |
| Adjusted ROA | A profitability ratio calculated as adjusted net income divided by total assets. | Apple Inc.’s adjusted ROA improved from 2017 to 2018 and from 2018 to 2019. |
Apple Inc., Profitability Ratios: Reported vs. Adjusted
Adjusted Net Profit Margin
Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2019-10-31), 10-K (filing date: 2018-11-05), 10-K (filing date: 2017-11-03), 10-K (filing date: 2016-10-26), 10-K (filing date: 2015-10-28), 10-K (filing date: 2014-10-27).
2019 Calculations
1 Net profit margin = 100 × Net income ÷ Net sales
= 100 × ÷ =
2 Adjusted net profit margin = 100 × Adjusted net income ÷ Net sales
= 100 × ÷ =
| Profitability ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| Adjusted net profit margin | An indicator of profitability, calculated as adjusted net income divided by revenue. | Apple Inc.’s adjusted net profit margin ratio improved from 2017 to 2018 and from 2018 to 2019. |
Adjusted Return on Equity (ROE)
Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2019-10-31), 10-K (filing date: 2018-11-05), 10-K (filing date: 2017-11-03), 10-K (filing date: 2016-10-26), 10-K (filing date: 2015-10-28), 10-K (filing date: 2014-10-27).
2019 Calculations
1 ROE = 100 × Net income ÷ Shareholders’ equity
= 100 × ÷ =
2 Adjusted ROE = 100 × Adjusted net income ÷ Shareholders’ equity
= 100 × ÷ =
| Profitability ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| Adjusted ROE | A profitability ratio calculated as adjusted net income divided by shareholders’ equity. | Apple Inc.’s adjusted ROE improved from 2017 to 2018 and from 2018 to 2019. |
Adjusted Return on Assets (ROA)
Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2019-10-31), 10-K (filing date: 2018-11-05), 10-K (filing date: 2017-11-03), 10-K (filing date: 2016-10-26), 10-K (filing date: 2015-10-28), 10-K (filing date: 2014-10-27).
2019 Calculations
1 ROA = 100 × Net income ÷ Total assets
= 100 × ÷ =
2 Adjusted ROA = 100 × Adjusted net income ÷ Total assets
= 100 × ÷ =
| Profitability ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| Adjusted ROA | A profitability ratio calculated as adjusted net income divided by total assets. | Apple Inc.’s adjusted ROA improved from 2017 to 2018 and from 2018 to 2019. |