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Return on Capital (ROC)
Return on capital (ROC) is after tax rate of return on net business assets. ROIC is unaffected by changes in interest rates or company’s debt and equity structure. It measures business productivity performance.
Return on Invested Capital (ROIC)
Visa Inc., ROIC calculation, comparison to benchmarks
| Sep 30, 2020 | Sep 30, 2019 | Sep 30, 2018 | Sep 30, 2017 | Sep 30, 2016 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions) | ||||||
| Net operating profit after taxes (NOPAT)1 | ||||||
| Invested capital2 | ||||||
| Performance Ratio | ||||||
| ROIC3 | ||||||
| Benchmarks | ||||||
| ROIC, Competitors4 | ||||||
| Accenture PLC | ||||||
| Adobe Inc. | ||||||
| Autodesk Inc. | ||||||
| Automatic Data Processing Inc. | ||||||
| Fidelity National Information Services Inc. | ||||||
| Fiserv Inc. | ||||||
| International Business Machines Corp. | ||||||
| Intuit Inc. | ||||||
| Mastercard Inc. | ||||||
| Microsoft Corp. | ||||||
| Oracle Corp. | ||||||
| PayPal Holdings Inc. | ||||||
| salesforce.com inc. | ||||||
| ServiceNow Inc. | ||||||
Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2020-11-19), 10-K (filing date: 2019-11-14), 10-K (filing date: 2018-11-16), 10-K (filing date: 2017-11-17), 10-K (filing date: 2016-11-15).
1 NOPAT. See details »
2 Invested capital. See details »
3 2020 Calculation
ROIC = 100 × NOPAT ÷ Invested capital
= 100 × ÷ =
4 Click competitor name to see calculations.
| Performance ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| ROIC | A measure of the periodic, after tax, cash-on-cash yield earned in the business. | Visa Inc.’s ROIC improved from 2018 to 2019 but then deteriorated significantly from 2019 to 2020. |
Decomposition of ROIC
Visa Inc., decomposition of ROIC
| ROIC | = | OPM1 | × | TO2 | × | 1 – CTR3 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sep 30, 2020 | = | × | × | ||||
| Sep 30, 2019 | = | × | × | ||||
| Sep 30, 2018 | = | × | × | ||||
| Sep 30, 2017 | = | × | × | ||||
| Sep 30, 2016 | = | × | × |
Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2020-11-19), 10-K (filing date: 2019-11-14), 10-K (filing date: 2018-11-16), 10-K (filing date: 2017-11-17), 10-K (filing date: 2016-11-15).
1 Operating profit margin (OPM). See calculations »
2 Turnover of capital (TO). See calculations »
3 Effective cash tax rate (CTR). See calculations »
The primary reason for the decrease in return on invested capital (ROIC) over 2020 year is the decrease in efficiency measured by turnover of capital (TO) ratio.
Operating Profit Margin (OPM)
Visa Inc., OPM calculation, comparison to benchmarks
| Sep 30, 2020 | Sep 30, 2019 | Sep 30, 2018 | Sep 30, 2017 | Sep 30, 2016 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions) | ||||||
| Net operating profit after taxes (NOPAT)1 | ||||||
| Add: Cash operating taxes2 | ||||||
| Net operating profit before taxes (NOPBT) | ||||||
| Net revenues | ||||||
| Profitability Ratio | ||||||
| OPM3 | ||||||
| Benchmarks | ||||||
| OPM, Competitors4 | ||||||
| Accenture PLC | ||||||
| Adobe Inc. | ||||||
| Autodesk Inc. | ||||||
| Automatic Data Processing Inc. | ||||||
| Fidelity National Information Services Inc. | ||||||
| Fiserv Inc. | ||||||
| International Business Machines Corp. | ||||||
| Intuit Inc. | ||||||
| Mastercard Inc. | ||||||
| Microsoft Corp. | ||||||
| Oracle Corp. | ||||||
| PayPal Holdings Inc. | ||||||
| salesforce.com inc. | ||||||
| ServiceNow Inc. | ||||||
Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2020-11-19), 10-K (filing date: 2019-11-14), 10-K (filing date: 2018-11-16), 10-K (filing date: 2017-11-17), 10-K (filing date: 2016-11-15).
1 NOPAT. See details »
2 Cash operating taxes. See details »
3 2020 Calculation
OPM = 100 × NOPBT ÷ Net revenues
= 100 × ÷ =
4 Click competitor name to see calculations.
| Profitability ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| OPM | The operating profit margin (OPM) is the ratio of pretax economic earnings, or NOPBT, to sales. | Visa Inc.’s OPM improved from 2018 to 2019 but then slightly deteriorated from 2019 to 2020. |
Turnover of Capital (TO)
Visa Inc., TO calculation, comparison to benchmarks
| Sep 30, 2020 | Sep 30, 2019 | Sep 30, 2018 | Sep 30, 2017 | Sep 30, 2016 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions) | ||||||
| Net revenues | ||||||
| Invested capital1 | ||||||
| Efficiency Ratio | ||||||
| TO2 | ||||||
| Benchmarks | ||||||
| TO, Competitors3 | ||||||
| Accenture PLC | ||||||
| Adobe Inc. | ||||||
| Autodesk Inc. | ||||||
| Automatic Data Processing Inc. | ||||||
| Fidelity National Information Services Inc. | ||||||
| Fiserv Inc. | ||||||
| International Business Machines Corp. | ||||||
| Intuit Inc. | ||||||
| Mastercard Inc. | ||||||
| Microsoft Corp. | ||||||
| Oracle Corp. | ||||||
| PayPal Holdings Inc. | ||||||
| salesforce.com inc. | ||||||
| ServiceNow Inc. | ||||||
Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2020-11-19), 10-K (filing date: 2019-11-14), 10-K (filing date: 2018-11-16), 10-K (filing date: 2017-11-17), 10-K (filing date: 2016-11-15).
1 Invested capital. See details »
2 2020 Calculation
TO = Net revenues ÷ Invested capital
= ÷ =
3 Click competitor name to see calculations.
| Efficiency ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| TO | The turnover of capital (TO) is the ratio of sales to invested capital. Capital turnover is a function of the efficiency of working capital management and of net fixed assets. | Visa Inc.’s TO improved from 2018 to 2019 but then deteriorated significantly from 2019 to 2020. |
Effective Cash Tax Rate (CTR)
Visa Inc., CTR calculation, comparison to benchmarks
| Sep 30, 2020 | Sep 30, 2019 | Sep 30, 2018 | Sep 30, 2017 | Sep 30, 2016 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions) | ||||||
| Net operating profit after taxes (NOPAT)1 | ||||||
| Add: Cash operating taxes2 | ||||||
| Net operating profit before taxes (NOPBT) | ||||||
| Tax Rate | ||||||
| CTR3 | ||||||
| Benchmarks | ||||||
| CTR, Competitors4 | ||||||
| Accenture PLC | ||||||
| Adobe Inc. | ||||||
| Autodesk Inc. | ||||||
| Automatic Data Processing Inc. | ||||||
| Fidelity National Information Services Inc. | ||||||
| Fiserv Inc. | ||||||
| International Business Machines Corp. | ||||||
| Intuit Inc. | ||||||
| Mastercard Inc. | ||||||
| Microsoft Corp. | ||||||
| Oracle Corp. | ||||||
| PayPal Holdings Inc. | ||||||
| salesforce.com inc. | ||||||
| ServiceNow Inc. | ||||||
Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2020-11-19), 10-K (filing date: 2019-11-14), 10-K (filing date: 2018-11-16), 10-K (filing date: 2017-11-17), 10-K (filing date: 2016-11-15).
1 NOPAT. See details »
2 Cash operating taxes. See details »
3 2020 Calculation
CTR = 100 × Cash operating taxes ÷ NOPBT
= 100 × ÷ =
4 Click competitor name to see calculations.
| Tax rate | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| CTR | Effective cash tax rate on operating income. | Visa Inc.’s CTR decreased from 2018 to 2019 but then slightly increased from 2019 to 2020. |