Stock Analysis on Net

Mastercard Inc. (NYSE:MA)

This company has been moved to the archive! The financial data has not been updated since April 27, 2023.

Analysis of Profitability Ratios 
Quarterly Data

Microsoft Excel

Profitability Ratios (Summary)

Mastercard Inc., profitability ratios (quarterly data)

Microsoft Excel
Mar 31, 2023 Dec 31, 2022 Sep 30, 2022 Jun 30, 2022 Mar 31, 2022 Dec 31, 2021 Sep 30, 2021 Jun 30, 2021 Mar 31, 2021 Dec 31, 2020 Sep 30, 2020 Jun 30, 2020 Mar 31, 2020 Dec 31, 2019 Sep 30, 2019 Jun 30, 2019 Mar 31, 2019 Dec 31, 2018 Sep 30, 2018 Jun 30, 2018 Mar 31, 2018
Return on Sales
Operating profit margin 54.56% 55.15% 55.03% 55.17% 54.46% 53.39% 52.36% 52.29% 52.22% 52.81% 54.00% 55.30% 56.83% 57.24% 52.22% 51.77% 50.27% 48.71%
Net profit margin 42.33% 44.66% 45.22% 46.48% 47.70% 46.00% 45.50% 43.22% 42.38% 41.90% 43.13% 45.12% 46.75% 48.08% 42.50% 42.71% 40.82% 39.19%
Return on Investment
Return on equity (ROE) 181.24% 157.67% 153.81% 157.17% 134.92% 118.80% 120.74% 111.64% 103.46% 100.31% 116.05% 113.15% 147.26% 137.76% 139.77% 133.95% 120.53% 108.60%
Return on assets (ROA) 24.81% 25.64% 26.01% 26.77% 25.54% 23.06% 22.86% 20.60% 18.81% 19.09% 21.29% 22.79% 25.94% 27.77% 26.62% 27.12% 26.48% 23.57%

Based on: 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2020-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2020-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2020-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2019-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2019-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2019-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2018-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2018-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2018-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2018-03-31).

Profitability ratio Description The company
Operating profit margin A profitability ratio calculated as operating income divided by revenue. Mastercard Inc. operating profit margin ratio improved from Q3 2022 to Q4 2022 but then deteriorated significantly from Q4 2022 to Q1 2023.
Net profit margin An indicator of profitability, calculated as net income divided by revenue. Mastercard Inc. net profit margin ratio deteriorated from Q3 2022 to Q4 2022 and from Q4 2022 to Q1 2023.

Profitability ratio Description The company
ROE A profitability ratio calculated as net income divided by shareholders’ equity. Mastercard Inc. ROE improved from Q3 2022 to Q4 2022 and from Q4 2022 to Q1 2023.
ROA A profitability ratio calculated as net income divided by total assets. Mastercard Inc. ROA deteriorated from Q3 2022 to Q4 2022 and from Q4 2022 to Q1 2023.

Operating Profit Margin

Mastercard Inc., operating profit margin calculation (quarterly data)

Microsoft Excel
Mar 31, 2023 Dec 31, 2022 Sep 30, 2022 Jun 30, 2022 Mar 31, 2022 Dec 31, 2021 Sep 30, 2021 Jun 30, 2021 Mar 31, 2021 Dec 31, 2020 Sep 30, 2020 Jun 30, 2020 Mar 31, 2020 Dec 31, 2019 Sep 30, 2019 Jun 30, 2019 Mar 31, 2019 Dec 31, 2018 Sep 30, 2018 Jun 30, 2018 Mar 31, 2018
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Operating income 3,136 3,184 3,112 3,018 2,950 2,827 2,717 2,341 2,197 2,058 2,105 1,707 2,211 2,399 2,655 2,397 2,213 1,234 2,287 1,936 1,825
Net revenue 5,748 5,817 5,756 5,497 5,167 5,216 4,985 4,528 4,155 4,120 3,837 3,335 4,009 4,414 4,467 4,113 3,889 3,807 3,898 3,665 3,580
Profitability Ratio
Operating profit margin1 54.56% 55.15% 55.03% 55.17% 54.46% 53.39% 52.36% 52.29% 52.22% 52.81% 54.00% 55.30% 56.83% 57.24% 52.22% 51.77% 50.27% 48.71%
Benchmarks
Operating Profit Margin, Competitors2
Accenture PLC 15.27% 15.21% 15.20% 15.12% 15.19% 15.08% 15.03% 14.89% 14.84% 14.69% 14.68% 14.66% 14.65% 14.59% 14.45% 14.31% 14.20% 14.04%
Adobe Inc. 33.91% 34.64% 35.45% 36.25% 36.72% 36.76% 36.53% 35.75% 34.75% 32.93% 32.10% 31.36% 30.10% 29.25% 28.36% 28.55% 29.65% 31.45%
International Business Machines Corp. 13.49% 13.50% 12.92% 12.77% 12.30% 11.97% 9.12% 10.13% 10.39% 9.22% 12.21% 11.50% 11.73% 13.67%
Intuit Inc. 18.41% 20.20% 23.68% 22.49% 24.10% 25.95% 29.04% 26.95% 30.30% 28.34% 22.46% 26.81% 27.03% 27.33% 28.42% 27.32% 25.34% 25.10%
Microsoft Corp. 41.69% 42.06% 42.56% 42.52% 42.14% 41.59% 40.15% 39.24% 38.17% 37.03% 37.46% 36.74% 35.20% 34.14% 33.49% 32.82% 32.47% 31.77%
Oracle Corp. 22.92% 25.74% 26.22% 26.62% 37.78% 37.58% 37.74% 37.13% 36.29% 35.57% 34.82% 34.65% 34.49% 34.26% 34.47% 34.36% 34.23% 34.34%
Palo Alto Networks Inc. -1.56% -3.43% -5.12% -6.74% -7.51% -7.15% -6.56% -5.49% -4.79% -5.25% -5.24% -4.27% -2.45% -1.87% -1.29% -2.64% -4.41% -5.68%
Salesforce Inc. 0.77% 2.07% 3.67% 4.69% 4.25% 2.14% 1.11% 0.35% -0.29% 1.74% 2.97% 3.37% 3.95% 4.03%
ServiceNow Inc. 5.41% 4.90% 3.40% 3.30% 3.95% 4.36% 4.34% 4.55% 5.10% 4.40% 4.96% 4.97% 2.88% 1.22%
Synopsys Inc. 20.70% 22.87% 22.93% 23.18% 20.72% 17.48% 18.17% 18.81% 17.82% 16.83% 15.77% 13.85% 13.64% 15.48% 13.68% 12.02% 12.61% 11.54%

Based on: 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2020-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2020-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2020-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2019-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2019-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2019-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2018-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2018-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2018-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2018-03-31).

1 Q1 2023 Calculation
Operating profit margin = 100 × (Operating incomeQ1 2023 + Operating incomeQ4 2022 + Operating incomeQ3 2022 + Operating incomeQ2 2022) ÷ (Net revenueQ1 2023 + Net revenueQ4 2022 + Net revenueQ3 2022 + Net revenueQ2 2022)
= 100 × (3,136 + 3,184 + 3,112 + 3,018) ÷ (5,748 + 5,817 + 5,756 + 5,497) = 54.56%

2 Click competitor name to see calculations.

Profitability ratio Description The company
Operating profit margin A profitability ratio calculated as operating income divided by revenue. Mastercard Inc. operating profit margin ratio improved from Q3 2022 to Q4 2022 but then deteriorated significantly from Q4 2022 to Q1 2023.

Net Profit Margin

Mastercard Inc., net profit margin calculation (quarterly data)

Microsoft Excel
Mar 31, 2023 Dec 31, 2022 Sep 30, 2022 Jun 30, 2022 Mar 31, 2022 Dec 31, 2021 Sep 30, 2021 Jun 30, 2021 Mar 31, 2021 Dec 31, 2020 Sep 30, 2020 Jun 30, 2020 Mar 31, 2020 Dec 31, 2019 Sep 30, 2019 Jun 30, 2019 Mar 31, 2019 Dec 31, 2018 Sep 30, 2018 Jun 30, 2018 Mar 31, 2018
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Net income 2,361 2,525 2,499 2,275 2,631 2,379 2,414 2,066 1,828 1,785 1,513 1,420 1,693 2,100 2,108 2,048 1,862 899 1,899 1,569 1,492
Net revenue 5,748 5,817 5,756 5,497 5,167 5,216 4,985 4,528 4,155 4,120 3,837 3,335 4,009 4,414 4,467 4,113 3,889 3,807 3,898 3,665 3,580
Profitability Ratio
Net profit margin1 42.33% 44.66% 45.22% 46.48% 47.70% 46.00% 45.50% 43.22% 42.38% 41.90% 43.13% 45.12% 46.75% 48.08% 42.50% 42.71% 40.82% 39.19%
Benchmarks
Net Profit Margin, Competitors2
Accenture PLC 11.30% 11.17% 11.12% 11.27% 11.53% 11.69% 12.05% 11.95% 11.74% 11.52% 11.11% 11.13% 11.06% 11.06% 10.93% 10.51% 9.99% 9.76%
Adobe Inc. 26.32% 27.01% 28.00% 29.29% 29.90% 30.55% 38.67% 38.79% 40.68% 40.88% 31.05% 30.71% 27.72% 26.42% 26.10% 26.25% 28.08% 28.69%
International Business Machines Corp. 3.03% 2.71% 2.08% 9.36% 9.46% 10.01% 7.81% 8.16% 7.76% 7.59% 10.53% 10.43% 11.78% 12.22%
Intuit Inc. 14.10% 16.23% 19.44% 19.03% 20.28% 21.41% 23.93% 22.64% 25.10% 23.78% 19.50% 22.88% 22.79% 22.95% 24.34% 22.89% 20.71% 20.31%
Microsoft Corp. 34.37% 36.69% 37.63% 38.50% 38.51% 36.45% 35.02% 33.47% 32.29% 30.96% 33.36% 33.02% 31.66% 31.18% 28.58% 28.31% 16.38% 15.02%
Oracle Corp. 13.15% 15.83% 18.08% 24.79% 34.16% 33.96% 32.32% 26.34% 26.13% 25.94% 27.06% 27.62% 27.71% 28.05% 27.13% 10.01% 9.74% 9.60%
Palo Alto Networks Inc. -2.46% -4.85% -7.54% -9.50% -11.20% -11.72% -11.00% -9.73% -8.36% -7.83% -7.01% -5.58% -3.42% -2.82% -2.30% -3.47% -5.04% -6.51%
Salesforce Inc. 3.59% 5.45% 6.96% 9.99% 19.87% 19.16% 17.53% 12.21% -0.92% 0.74% 4.64% 6.45% 8.26% 8.36%
ServiceNow Inc. 5.25% 4.49% 2.90% 2.79% 3.56% 3.90% 3.99% 3.30% 3.15% 2.62% 16.60% 18.42% 18.20% 18.11%
Synopsys Inc. 18.22% 19.38% 20.86% 21.19% 20.18% 18.02% 18.48% 20.27% 18.91% 18.03% 17.88% 13.96% 14.31% 15.84% 18.94% 18.74% 18.59% 13.86%

Based on: 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2020-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2020-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2020-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2019-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2019-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2019-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2018-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2018-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2018-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2018-03-31).

1 Q1 2023 Calculation
Net profit margin = 100 × (Net incomeQ1 2023 + Net incomeQ4 2022 + Net incomeQ3 2022 + Net incomeQ2 2022) ÷ (Net revenueQ1 2023 + Net revenueQ4 2022 + Net revenueQ3 2022 + Net revenueQ2 2022)
= 100 × (2,361 + 2,525 + 2,499 + 2,275) ÷ (5,748 + 5,817 + 5,756 + 5,497) = 42.33%

2 Click competitor name to see calculations.

Profitability ratio Description The company
Net profit margin An indicator of profitability, calculated as net income divided by revenue. Mastercard Inc. net profit margin ratio deteriorated from Q3 2022 to Q4 2022 and from Q4 2022 to Q1 2023.

Return on Equity (ROE)

Mastercard Inc., ROE calculation (quarterly data)

Microsoft Excel
Mar 31, 2023 Dec 31, 2022 Sep 30, 2022 Jun 30, 2022 Mar 31, 2022 Dec 31, 2021 Sep 30, 2021 Jun 30, 2021 Mar 31, 2021 Dec 31, 2020 Sep 30, 2020 Jun 30, 2020 Mar 31, 2020 Dec 31, 2019 Sep 30, 2019 Jun 30, 2019 Mar 31, 2019 Dec 31, 2018 Sep 30, 2018 Jun 30, 2018 Mar 31, 2018
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Net income 2,361 2,525 2,499 2,275 2,631 2,379 2,414 2,066 1,828 1,785 1,513 1,420 1,693 2,100 2,108 2,048 1,862 899 1,899 1,569 1,492
Total Mastercard Incorporated stockholders’ equity 5,330 6,298 6,361 6,171 7,034 7,312 6,703 6,442 6,327 6,391 5,796 6,470 5,398 5,893 4,949 5,008 5,168 5,395 5,775 5,257 5,703
Profitability Ratio
ROE1 181.24% 157.67% 153.81% 157.17% 134.92% 118.80% 120.74% 111.64% 103.46% 100.31% 116.05% 113.15% 147.26% 137.76% 139.77% 133.95% 120.53% 108.60%
Benchmarks
ROE, Competitors2
Accenture PLC 30.69% 31.11% 30.99% 31.09% 30.45% 30.25% 29.87% 29.81% 29.33% 30.05% 30.91% 32.13% 32.05% 33.17% 34.05% 33.53% 33.21% 39.17%
Adobe Inc. 33.35% 33.85% 33.49% 34.96% 35.04% 32.59% 40.51% 40.30% 41.09% 39.66% 32.97% 34.00% 30.89% 28.03% 27.12% 26.70% 27.17% 27.67%
International Business Machines Corp. 8.48% 7.47% 6.29% 28.79% 28.98% 30.38% 21.44% 24.31% 25.11% 27.14% 37.27% 38.33% 45.08% 45.25%
Intuit Inc. 11.69% 12.57% 14.75% 13.93% 21.49% 20.89% 21.37% 19.70% 37.50% 35.76% 28.21% 43.76% 43.49% 41.53% 40.54% 52.65% 45.36% 51.44%
Microsoft Corp. 40.21% 43.68% 44.47% 44.49% 44.67% 43.15% 41.65% 39.40% 38.49% 37.43% 40.41% 40.25% 38.75% 38.35% 36.82% 36.41% 21.89% 20.03%
Oracle Corp. 262.43% 144.16% 131.11% 107.99% 83.94% 75.58% 70.25% 59.43% 50.87% 45.33% 13.02% 10.19% 8.37%
Palo Alto Networks Inc. -28.23% -127.14% -115.40% -391.77% -98.34% -78.63% -43.97% -35.50% -40.11% -24.23% -30.74% -10.84% -6.81% -5.16% -4.36% -8.39% -9.75% -15.30%
Salesforce Inc. 1.70% 2.48% 3.05% 4.24% 10.44% 9.81% 8.82% 6.16% -0.48% 0.37% 2.21% 5.53% 7.04% 7.11%
ServiceNow Inc. 7.14% 6.46% 4.44% 4.39% 5.58% 6.22% 6.24% 5.21% 5.01% 4.18% 26.20% 29.38% 29.85% 29.45%
Synopsys Inc. 16.72% 17.85% 18.42% 18.13% 16.87% 14.31% 14.63% 15.88% 14.80% 13.54% 13.66% 11.10% 11.64% 13.04% 15.91% 15.49% 15.61% 12.43%

Based on: 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2020-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2020-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2020-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2019-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2019-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2019-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2018-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2018-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2018-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2018-03-31).

1 Q1 2023 Calculation
ROE = 100 × (Net incomeQ1 2023 + Net incomeQ4 2022 + Net incomeQ3 2022 + Net incomeQ2 2022) ÷ Total Mastercard Incorporated stockholders’ equity
= 100 × (2,361 + 2,525 + 2,499 + 2,275) ÷ 5,330 = 181.24%

2 Click competitor name to see calculations.

Profitability ratio Description The company
ROE A profitability ratio calculated as net income divided by shareholders’ equity. Mastercard Inc. ROE improved from Q3 2022 to Q4 2022 and from Q4 2022 to Q1 2023.

Return on Assets (ROA)

Mastercard Inc., ROA calculation (quarterly data)

Microsoft Excel
Mar 31, 2023 Dec 31, 2022 Sep 30, 2022 Jun 30, 2022 Mar 31, 2022 Dec 31, 2021 Sep 30, 2021 Jun 30, 2021 Mar 31, 2021 Dec 31, 2020 Sep 30, 2020 Jun 30, 2020 Mar 31, 2020 Dec 31, 2019 Sep 30, 2019 Jun 30, 2019 Mar 31, 2019 Dec 31, 2018 Sep 30, 2018 Jun 30, 2018 Mar 31, 2018
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Net income 2,361 2,525 2,499 2,275 2,631 2,379 2,414 2,066 1,828 1,785 1,513 1,420 1,693 2,100 2,108 2,048 1,862 899 1,899 1,569 1,492
Total assets 38,936 38,724 37,612 36,231 37,163 37,669 35,410 34,911 34,800 33,584 31,594 32,127 30,648 29,236 25,981 24,731 23,520 24,860 23,340 22,471 22,944
Profitability Ratio
ROA1 24.81% 25.64% 26.01% 26.77% 25.54% 23.06% 22.86% 20.60% 18.81% 19.09% 21.29% 22.79% 25.94% 27.77% 26.62% 27.12% 26.48% 23.57%
Benchmarks
ROA, Competitors2
Accenture PLC 14.97% 14.55% 14.38% 14.42% 14.19% 13.68% 13.72% 13.65% 13.72% 13.78% 14.12% 14.84% 14.66% 16.04% 16.62% 16.33% 15.77% 16.61%
Adobe Inc. 17.76% 17.51% 18.00% 18.57% 18.58% 17.70% 22.33% 21.82% 22.28% 21.66% 17.23% 17.13% 15.24% 14.22% 13.85% 13.48% 13.75% 13.80%
International Business Machines Corp. 1.37% 1.29% 1.00% 4.38% 4.14% 4.35% 3.30% 3.63% 3.61% 3.58% 5.13% 5.11% 5.88% 6.20%
Intuit Inc. 6.93% 7.45% 8.77% 8.26% 14.07% 13.29% 13.50% 11.97% 20.26% 16.70% 17.22% 24.34% 25.55% 24.78% 23.85% 27.59% 25.61% 23.39%
Microsoft Corp. 19.40% 19.94% 21.03% 20.91% 20.24% 18.36% 18.13% 16.87% 15.78% 14.70% 16.21% 15.67% 14.73% 13.69% 13.27% 12.96% 7.30% 6.40%
Oracle Corp. 4.46% 6.15% 6.96% 9.60% 11.35% 10.48% 10.86% 9.44% 9.03% 8.78% 11.13% 11.11% 10.31% 10.20% 9.82% 3.36% 3.02% 2.79%
Palo Alto Networks Inc. -1.14% -2.18% -3.51% -4.44% -4.89% -4.87% -4.59% -3.88% -3.43% -2.95% -3.52% -2.43% -1.51% -1.24% -1.01% -1.58% -2.11% -2.54%
Salesforce Inc. 1.08% 1.52% 1.99% 2.65% 6.85% 6.14% 6.01% 4.10% -0.31% 0.23% 1.47% 2.85% 3.49% 3.61%
ServiceNow Inc. 2.94% 2.44% 1.81% 1.66% 2.03% 2.13% 2.33% 1.86% 1.73% 1.36% 9.09% 11.17% 10.92% 10.41%
Synopsys Inc. 9.85% 10.45% 11.07% 10.95% 10.21% 8.66% 8.88% 9.69% 9.02% 8.27% 8.19% 6.48% 6.70% 8.31% 10.17% 9.77% 9.30% 7.04%

Based on: 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2020-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2020-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2020-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2019-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2019-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2019-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2018-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2018-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2018-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2018-03-31).

1 Q1 2023 Calculation
ROA = 100 × (Net incomeQ1 2023 + Net incomeQ4 2022 + Net incomeQ3 2022 + Net incomeQ2 2022) ÷ Total assets
= 100 × (2,361 + 2,525 + 2,499 + 2,275) ÷ 38,936 = 24.81%

2 Click competitor name to see calculations.

Profitability ratio Description The company
ROA A profitability ratio calculated as net income divided by total assets. Mastercard Inc. ROA deteriorated from Q3 2022 to Q4 2022 and from Q4 2022 to Q1 2023.