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Economic Value Added (EVA)
EVA is registered trademark of Stern Stewart.
Economic value added or economic profit is the difference between revenues and costs,where costs include not only expenses, but also cost of capital.
Economic Profit
Texas Instruments Inc., economic profit calculation
US$ in millions
| 12 months ended: | Dec 31, 2020 | Dec 31, 2019 | Dec 31, 2018 | Dec 31, 2017 | Dec 31, 2016 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Net operating profit after taxes (NOPAT)1 | ||||||
| Cost of capital2 | ||||||
| Invested capital3 | ||||||
| Economic profit4 | ||||||
Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2021-02-05), 10-K (filing date: 2020-02-20), 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-22), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-22), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-23).
1 NOPAT. See details »
2 Cost of capital. See details »
3 Invested capital. See details »
4 2020 Calculation
Economic profit = NOPAT – Cost of capital × Invested capital
= – × =
| Item | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| Economic profit | Economic profit is a measure of corporate performance computed by taking the spread between the return on invested capital and the cost of capital, and multiplying by the invested capital. | Texas Instruments Inc.’s economic profit decreased from 2018 to 2019 but then increased from 2019 to 2020 not reaching 2018 level. |
Net Operating Profit after Taxes (NOPAT)
Texas Instruments Inc., NOPAT calculation
US$ in millions
Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2021-02-05), 10-K (filing date: 2020-02-20), 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-22), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-22), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-23).
1 Elimination of deferred tax expense. See details »
2 Addition of increase (decrease) in accounts receivable allowances.
3 Addition of increase (decrease) in accrued restructuring.
4 Addition of increase (decrease) in equity equivalents to net income.
5 2020 Calculation
Interest expense on capitalized operating leases = Operating lease liability × Discount rate
= × =
6 2020 Calculation
Tax benefit of interest and debt expense = Adjusted interest and debt expense × Statutory income tax rate
= × 21.00% =
7 Addition of after taxes interest expense to net income.
| Item | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| NOPAT | Net operating profit after taxes is income from operations, but after removement of taxes calculated on cash basis that are relevant to operating income. | Texas Instruments Inc.’s NOPAT decreased from 2018 to 2019 but then increased from 2019 to 2020 exceeding 2018 level. |
Cash Operating Taxes
Texas Instruments Inc., cash operating taxes calculation
US$ in millions
Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2021-02-05), 10-K (filing date: 2020-02-20), 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-22), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-22), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-23).
| Item | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| Cash operating taxes | Cash operating taxes are estimated by adjusting income tax expense for changes in deferred taxes and tax benefit from the interest deduction. | Texas Instruments Inc.’s cash operating taxes decreased from 2018 to 2019 and from 2019 to 2020. |
Invested Capital
Texas Instruments Inc., invested capital calculation (financing approach)
US$ in millions
Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2021-02-05), 10-K (filing date: 2020-02-20), 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-22), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-22), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-23).
1 Addition of capitalized operating leases.
2 Elimination of deferred taxes from assets and liabilities. See details »
3 Addition of allowance for doubtful accounts receivable.
4 Addition of accrued restructuring.
5 Addition of equity equivalents to stockholders’ equity.
6 Removal of accumulated other comprehensive income.
7 Subtraction of marketable securities.
| Item | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| Invested capital | Capital is an approximation of the economic book value of all cash invested in going-concern business activities. | Texas Instruments Inc.’s invested capital decreased from 2018 to 2019 but then increased from 2019 to 2020 exceeding 2018 level. |
Cost of Capital
Texas Instruments Inc., cost of capital calculations
| Capital (fair value)1 | Weights | Cost of capital | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Equity2 | ÷ | = | × | = | |||||||||
| Long-term debt, including current portion3 | ÷ | = | × | × (1 – 21.00%) | = | ||||||||
| Operating lease liability4 | ÷ | = | × | × (1 – 21.00%) | = | ||||||||
| Total: | |||||||||||||
Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2021-02-05).
1 US$ in millions
2 Equity. See details »
3 Long-term debt, including current portion. See details »
4 Operating lease liability. See details »
| Capital (fair value)1 | Weights | Cost of capital | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Equity2 | ÷ | = | × | = | |||||||||
| Long-term debt, including current portion3 | ÷ | = | × | × (1 – 21.00%) | = | ||||||||
| Operating lease liability4 | ÷ | = | × | × (1 – 21.00%) | = | ||||||||
| Total: | |||||||||||||
Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2020-02-20).
1 US$ in millions
2 Equity. See details »
3 Long-term debt, including current portion. See details »
4 Operating lease liability. See details »
| Capital (fair value)1 | Weights | Cost of capital | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Equity2 | ÷ | = | × | = | |||||||||
| Long-term debt, including current portion3 | ÷ | = | × | × (1 – 21.00%) | = | ||||||||
| Operating lease liability4 | ÷ | = | × | × (1 – 21.00%) | = | ||||||||
| Total: | |||||||||||||
Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-22).
1 US$ in millions
2 Equity. See details »
3 Long-term debt, including current portion. See details »
4 Operating lease liability. See details »
| Capital (fair value)1 | Weights | Cost of capital | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Equity2 | ÷ | = | × | = | |||||||||
| Long-term debt, including current portion3 | ÷ | = | × | × (1 – 35.00%) | = | ||||||||
| Operating lease liability4 | ÷ | = | × | × (1 – 35.00%) | = | ||||||||
| Total: | |||||||||||||
Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-22).
1 US$ in millions
2 Equity. See details »
3 Long-term debt, including current portion. See details »
4 Operating lease liability. See details »
| Capital (fair value)1 | Weights | Cost of capital | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Equity2 | ÷ | = | × | = | |||||||||
| Long-term debt, including current portion3 | ÷ | = | × | × (1 – 35.00%) | = | ||||||||
| Operating lease liability4 | ÷ | = | × | × (1 – 35.00%) | = | ||||||||
| Total: | |||||||||||||
Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-23).
1 US$ in millions
2 Equity. See details »
3 Long-term debt, including current portion. See details »
4 Operating lease liability. See details »
Economic Spread Ratio
Texas Instruments Inc., economic spread ratio calculation, comparison to benchmarks
| Dec 31, 2020 | Dec 31, 2019 | Dec 31, 2018 | Dec 31, 2017 | Dec 31, 2016 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions) | ||||||
| Economic profit1 | ||||||
| Invested capital2 | ||||||
| Performance Ratio | ||||||
| Economic spread ratio3 | ||||||
| Benchmarks | ||||||
| Economic Spread Ratio, Competitors4 | ||||||
| Advanced Micro Devices Inc. | ||||||
| Analog Devices Inc. | ||||||
| Apple Inc. | ||||||
| Applied Materials Inc. | ||||||
| Broadcom Inc. | ||||||
| Cisco Systems Inc. | ||||||
| Intel Corp. | ||||||
| Lam Research Corp. | ||||||
| Micron Technology Inc. | ||||||
| NVIDIA Corp. | ||||||
| Qualcomm Inc. | ||||||
Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2021-02-05), 10-K (filing date: 2020-02-20), 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-22), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-22), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-23).
1 Economic profit. See details »
2 Invested capital. See details »
3 2020 Calculation
Economic spread ratio = 100 × Economic profit ÷ Invested capital
= 100 × ÷ =
4 Click competitor name to see calculations.
| Performance ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| Economic spread ratio | The ratio of economic profit to invested capital, also equal to the difference between return on invested capital (ROIC) and cost of capital. | Texas Instruments Inc.’s economic spread ratio deteriorated from 2018 to 2019 but then slightly improved from 2019 to 2020. |
Economic Profit Margin
Texas Instruments Inc., economic profit margin calculation, comparison to benchmarks
| Dec 31, 2020 | Dec 31, 2019 | Dec 31, 2018 | Dec 31, 2017 | Dec 31, 2016 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions) | ||||||
| Economic profit1 | ||||||
| Revenue | ||||||
| Performance Ratio | ||||||
| Economic profit margin2 | ||||||
| Benchmarks | ||||||
| Economic Profit Margin, Competitors3 | ||||||
| Advanced Micro Devices Inc. | ||||||
| Analog Devices Inc. | ||||||
| Apple Inc. | ||||||
| Applied Materials Inc. | ||||||
| Broadcom Inc. | ||||||
| Cisco Systems Inc. | ||||||
| Intel Corp. | ||||||
| Lam Research Corp. | ||||||
| Micron Technology Inc. | ||||||
| NVIDIA Corp. | ||||||
| Qualcomm Inc. | ||||||
Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2021-02-05), 10-K (filing date: 2020-02-20), 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-22), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-22), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-23).
1 Economic profit. See details »
2 2020 Calculation
Economic profit margin = 100 × Economic profit ÷ Revenue
= 100 × ÷ =
3 Click competitor name to see calculations.
| Performance ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| Economic profit margin | The ratio of economic profit to sales. It is the company’s profit margin covering income efficiency and asset management. Economic profit margin is not biased in favor of capital-intensive business models, because any added capital is a cost to the economic profit margin. | Texas Instruments Inc.’s economic profit margin improved from 2018 to 2019 and from 2019 to 2020. |