Decomposing ROE involves expressing net income divided by shareholders’ equity as the product of component ratios.
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- Cash Flow Statement
- Common-Size Income Statement
- Common-Size Balance Sheet: Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
- Analysis of Short-term (Operating) Activity Ratios
- Analysis of Reportable Segments
- Dividend Discount Model (DDM)
- Present Value of Free Cash Flow to Equity (FCFE)
- Selected Financial Data since 2005
- Net Profit Margin since 2005
- Price to Book Value (P/BV) since 2005
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Two-Component Disaggregation of ROE
Based on: 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-03-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-03-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2020-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2020-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-03-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2019-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2019-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2019-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-03-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2018-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2018-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2018-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2018-03-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2017-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2017-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2017-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2017-03-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2016-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2016-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2016-06-30).
The data exhibits notable trends in key financial performance ratios over multiple quarters.
- Return on Assets (ROA)
- ROA shows an overall upward trend from mid-2016 through 2022, starting from 2.14% in March 2017 and progressively increasing to 12.85% by June 2022. There are intermittent fluctuations, with slight declines observed in late 2018 to early 2019 and again around early 2021. However, the general pattern indicates improving asset efficiency and profitability over the period.
- Financial Leverage
- The financial leverage ratio starts at 2.91 in June 2016 and gradually decreases to 2.55 by December 2022. The trend reflects a steady reduction in leverage over the years, suggesting a gradual deleveraging or a shift towards a more conservative capital structure. Minor fluctuations occur, but the direction remains toward lower leverage, indicating a potential reduction in financial risk.
- Return on Equity (ROE)
- ROE mirrors the positive trajectory of ROA with some volatility. From a low base of 5.03% in March 2017, ROE escalates sharply, peaking at 32.82% by June 2022. This sharp increase indicates improved profitability from the shareholders' perspective. The pattern includes periods of decline or plateau, notably around late 2018 and early 2021, yet the dominant trend is strong growth in return on equity, which may be driven by operational improvements or capital management strategies.
Overall, the patterns suggest that the company has enhanced both asset utilization and shareholder returns over the analyzed timeframe while concurrently managing to reduce its financial leverage. These dynamics imply stronger financial health and operational performance moving toward the most recent periods displayed.
Three-Component Disaggregation of ROE
Based on: 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-03-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-03-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2020-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2020-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-03-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2019-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2019-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2019-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-03-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2018-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2018-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2018-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2018-03-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2017-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2017-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2017-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2017-03-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2016-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2016-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2016-06-30).
The financial data reveals several notable trends across the reported quarters. Observing the net profit margin, there is a general upward progression from the earlier reported periods to the most recent ones. Initially missing, net profit margin begins around 4.83% and fluctuates with some volatility, dipping as low as 0.6% but ultimately rising steadily from 6.29% in March 2021 to 25.73% by December 2022. This indicates improving profitability over time with some periods of reduced margins.*
Asset turnover ratios demonstrate a gradual and consistent increase over the periods with data available. Starting near 0.44, asset turnover dips briefly to around 0.22 but then shows steady recovery and growth up to 0.50 by the end of 2022. This suggests enhanced efficiency in using assets to generate revenues over time, improving operational performance.*
Financial leverage exhibits a declining trend, starting from a relatively high point of 2.91 and progressively decreasing to 2.55 by the latest period. There is some variability early on, with peaks around 3.76 and 3.61, but overall financial leverage reduces over the interval. This decline indicates a gradual reduction in the use of debt relative to equity, which can signify a more conservative capital structure or reduced financial risk.*
The return on equity (ROE) follows a pattern broadly similar to net profit margin, reflecting strong growth with fluctuations. Recovering from lows around 0.53%, ROE climbs steadily past 6% and higher, ultimately reaching a peak above 32% by the last quarter. The rising ROE signals increasing profitability generated from shareholders' equity, consistent with improvements in net profit margin and asset turnover.*
- Net Profit Margin (%)
- Overall upward trend with volatility; significant improvement from approximately 4.83% to 25.73% over the span.
- Asset Turnover (ratio)
- Gradual increase from ~0.44 to 0.50, demonstrating improved efficiency in generating sales from assets.
- Financial Leverage (ratio)
- Declining trend from 2.91 to 2.55, indicating reduced reliance on debt financing and potentially lower financial risk.
- Return on Equity (ROE) (%)
- Substantial growth from near zero to over 32%, reflecting enhanced profitability and value creation for shareholders.
In summary, the company displays marked improvement in profitability ratios and asset utilization while moving towards a lower leverage position. These trends collectively suggest stronger operational performance, better resource use, and a more conservative financing approach throughout the analyzed periods. The improvements culminate in notably higher returns for equity holders by the end of 2022.
Five-Component Disaggregation of ROE
Based on: 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-03-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-03-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2020-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2020-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-03-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2019-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2019-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2019-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-03-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2018-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2018-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2018-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2018-03-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2017-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2017-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2017-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2017-03-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2016-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2016-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2016-06-30).
The financial ratios demonstrate several noteworthy trends across the examined periods.
- Tax Burden
- The Tax Burden ratio exhibits considerable fluctuations initially, with values exceeding 1.0 in many periods around 2017 to 2020, which is atypical and may indicate classification or reporting nuances. From 2021 onwards, it stabilizes consistently below 1, with a slight declining trend from approximately 0.89 in early 2021 to about 0.80 by the end of 2022, suggesting a modest reduction in tax expense relative to pre-tax income over time.
- Interest Burden
- The Interest Burden shows an overall upward trend over the full span. Beginning around 0.36 in early observed periods, it generally rises to about 0.91 by late 2022. This gradual increase implies improved operational earnings relative to earnings before interest and taxes, indicating more efficient management of interest expenses or reduced interest costs over time.
- EBIT Margin
- The EBIT Margin exhibits a clear upward trajectory through the periods, starting from around 6.75% in mid-2016 to reaching 34.8% by the end of 2022. This consistent improvement reflects increasing profitability from core operations, potentially due to operational efficiencies, improved pricing, or higher-margin product mixes.
- Asset Turnover
- Asset Turnover initially remains fairly stable in the range of 0.44 to 0.48 in 2016 and 2017 but dips notably to around 0.22 to 0.3 in late 2017 through 2020. From 2020 onwards, a gradual recovery is evident, climbing steadily from approximately 0.31 to 0.50 by the end of 2022. This suggests variations in asset utilization efficiency, with recent periods demonstrating enhanced effectiveness in generating revenue from assets.
- Financial Leverage
- Financial Leverage ratios decrease gradually over time, from near 2.9 in mid-2016 to about 2.55 by the end of 2022. This declining leverage indicates a modest reduction in the reliance on debt financing relative to equity, which may reduce financial risk.
- Return on Equity (ROE)
- The ROE ratio follows a broadly positive trend, starting from around 5% in early periods and moving upwards to approximately 32.8% by late 2022. This significant increase correlates with improvements in operating profitability and a stable leverage position, indicating enhanced overall returns to shareholders over time.
Overall, the data reflects improvements in profitability and operational efficiency, alongside a gradual deleveraging trend. Margins and returns have strengthened significantly, while asset utilization has shown recovery after a mid-term dip. The stable reduction in tax and interest burdens further supports the enhanced financial performance observed in recent periods.
Two-Component Disaggregation of ROA
Based on: 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-03-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-03-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2020-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2020-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-03-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2019-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2019-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2019-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-03-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2018-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2018-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2018-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2018-03-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2017-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2017-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2017-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2017-03-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2016-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2016-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2016-06-30).
- Net Profit Margin
- The net profit margin exhibited a generally upward trend from June 30, 2016, through the end of 2022. Starting at approximately 4.83% in early observations, the margin increased significantly, reaching a peak of 25.73% by December 31, 2022. There were fluctuations noted in the interim periods, including a decline to around 0.6% near the end of 2018 and some volatility through 2019 and 2020. However, from March 31, 2021 onward, the margin steadily rose, reflecting improving profitability over time.
- Asset Turnover
- Asset turnover demonstrated a relatively steady improvement across the time span. Early data points show ratios around 0.44 to 0.48 in 2016 and early 2017. A decline was observed in late 2017 and early 2018 to levels near 0.22 to 0.28 but from mid-2018 onward there was a consistent upward movement, culminating in a ratio of 0.5 by the end of 2022. This trend indicates a gradual increase in the efficiency with which the company utilized its assets to generate revenue.
- Return on Assets (ROA)
- ROA followed a pattern similar to net profit margin, with initial data unavailable until mid-2016. Starting around 2.14%, ROA rose to approximately 7.5% by the end of 2016 but experienced some volatility through 2017 and 2018, dropping to as low as 0.15% before stabilizing near 2% into 2019. From 2020 forward, ROA generally improved, reaching 12.85% by December 2022. This upward trajectory in ROA reflects enhanced overall asset profitability despite intermittent fluctuations in earlier periods.
Four-Component Disaggregation of ROA
Based on: 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-03-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-03-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2020-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2020-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-03-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2019-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2019-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2019-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-03-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2018-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2018-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2018-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2018-03-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2017-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2017-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2017-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2017-03-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2016-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2016-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2016-06-30).
The financial data reveals several distinct trends across the analyzed periods.
- Tax Burden
- The Tax Burden ratio shows significant fluctuations with some extreme values exceeding 1.0 in several quarters, indicating variability in the effective tax rate impact over time. Starting with a value around 1.96 in early 2017, the ratio generally decreases gradually to values below 1, stabilizing in a narrow range from approximately 0.8 to 0.9 in the most recent quarters of 2022, suggesting a relatively consistent tax expense impact relative to pre-tax income in the latest periods.
- Interest Burden
- The Interest Burden ratio demonstrates a generally upward trend over the entire timeline. Early data points are relatively low, often below 0.4, reflecting a higher interest expense burden earlier on. From 2019 onwards, there is a clear increase, with the ratio rising steadily, reaching levels above 0.9 in late 2022. This indicates a declining proportion of income consumed by interest expenses, contributing positively to bottom-line profitability.
- EBIT Margin
- The EBIT Margin has shown a consistent improvement over time. Starting from single-digit percentages around mid-2016 (though some early data points are missing), it progresses to double digits, generally trending upwards to exceed 30% by late 2022. This improvement points to enhanced operational efficiency or higher gross margins, signifying better profitability from core operations.
- Asset Turnover
- Asset Turnover ratios started near 0.44 in the earlier periods and demonstrated a mostly steady rise over the years, reaching 0.5 by the end of 2022. This increase reflects improving efficiency in using assets to generate revenue, though the overall turnover remains moderate, indicating that while asset utilization is improving, there may still be leverage for further optimization.
- Return on Assets (ROA)
- Return on Assets displays a volatile pattern initially, with fluctuations and a dip in some quarters around 2017 and 2018 but gradually builds momentum, exhibiting an upward trajectory from 2019 onwards. The ROA increases from low values below 4% to levels exceeding 12% by late 2022. This improvement reflects combined gains in profitability and asset utilization efficiency, supporting stronger returns on invested capital over time.
Overall, the analyzed data highlights an improving profitability profile, with EBIT margins and ROA trending positively, accompanied by enhanced operational and financial efficiency metrics. Interest expenses have diminished as a relative burden, while asset turnover steadily advances. The tax burden exhibits variability but stabilizes in recent periods, suggesting a more predictable tax environment. These trends collectively suggest strengthening financial performance and operational improvements over the reported quarters.
Disaggregation of Net Profit Margin
Based on: 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-03-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-03-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2020-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2020-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-03-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2019-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2019-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2019-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-03-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2018-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2018-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2018-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2018-03-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2017-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2017-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2017-06-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2017-03-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2016-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2016-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2016-06-30).
The financial ratios over the observed periods reveal several notable trends and shifts that provide insights into operational efficiency, profitability, and financial health.
- Tax Burden
- The tax burden ratio exhibits considerable volatility across the time frame. Initially, the values fluctuate significantly, with several instances exceeding 1, which may indicate unusual tax treatments or corrections. However, from around 2021 onwards, the ratio stabilizes below 1, fluctuating narrowly between approximately 0.8 and 0.9. This stabilization suggests a more consistent tax expense relative to profitability in recent years.
- Interest Burden
- The interest burden ratio shows a gradual upward trend throughout the periods. Starting at roughly 0.36 in 2017, the ratio steadily increases, reaching over 0.9 by the end of 2022. This trend suggests a reduction in interest expenses relative to earnings before interest and taxes (EBIT), indicating improved interest coverage and lower relative interest costs over time.
- EBIT Margin
- The EBIT margin displays an overall positive trajectory marked by initial growth, temporary dips, and strong recovery. After a low starting point in 2017 (~6.75%), the margin climbs to above 20% mid-2018 before declining to around 12% to 13% in the following years. From 2020 onward, the margin experiences a significant upward surge, peaking at 34.8% by the end of 2022. This suggests increased earnings efficiency and enhanced operating profitability in recent quarters.
- Net Profit Margin
- The net profit margin follows a pattern somewhat similar to the EBIT margin but with higher volatility. After rising to over 16% in late 2016 and early 2017, it falls sharply in the following quarters, reaching nearly 0.6% at one point. Post-2018, the margin stabilizes at moderate levels (6%-7%) before demonstrating marked improvement starting in 2020, eventually exceeding 25% by the end of 2022. This trend reflects improved bottom-line profitability, aligning with the increasing EBIT margin and likely benefiting from lower tax and interest burdens in the latter periods.
Overall, the data indicates that the company experienced fluctuations in tax and interest expenses in earlier years, which normalized in recent periods. Meanwhile, profitability metrics show a strong upward momentum particularly in the last two years, highlighting an enhanced capacity to generate operating income and net profit relative to sales. This suggests successful operational improvements and possibly more favorable financial and tax management strategies.