Analysis of Profitability Ratios
Quarterly Data
Profitability ratios measure the company ability to generate profitable sales from its resources (assets).
Profitability Ratios (Summary)
Gilead Sciences Inc., profitability ratios (quarterly data)
Based on: 10-Q (reporting date: 2026-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2025-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-03-31).
The profitability profile is characterized by a period of stability followed by a severe contraction in 2024 and a subsequent aggressive recovery through early 2026. While top-line efficiency remained consistent, bottom-line metrics experienced extreme volatility, suggesting the impact of significant non-recurring expenses or structural adjustments during the 2024 fiscal year.
- Gross Profit Margin
- The gross profit margin remained remarkably stable throughout the analyzed period, fluctuating within a narrow range between 74.31% and 79.01%. This consistency indicates that the cost of goods sold remained well-managed and pricing power remained intact, even during periods where other profitability metrics collapsed.
- Operating and Net Profit Margins
- A significant divergence occurred between gross and operating margins during 2024. Operating profit margins, which peaked at 33.03% in March 2023, plummeted to a low of 2.92% by September 2024. Net profit margins mirrored this trajectory, dropping from 21.60% in September 2023 to a near-zero low of 0.45% in September 2024. This pattern suggests that the decline was driven by a surge in operating expenses or one-time charges rather than a loss of product profitability. A strong recovery followed, with the net profit margin reaching a period high of 31.51% by March 2026.
- Return on Equity (ROE) and Return on Assets (ROA)
- Returns on investment showed extreme volatility corresponding with the net margin trends. ROE fell from 24.81% in December 2023 to 0.69% in September 2024, before surging to a peak of 39.19% by March 2026. Similarly, ROA dropped from 9.12% in December 2023 to 0.23% in September 2024, eventually recovering to 16.38% by March 2026. The sharp increase in these ratios toward the end of the period indicates a significant improvement in asset and equity utilization efficiency.
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Return on Sales
Return on Investment
Gross Profit Margin
Gilead Sciences Inc., gross profit margin calculation (quarterly data)
| Mar 31, 2026 | Dec 31, 2025 | Sep 30, 2025 | Jun 30, 2025 | Mar 31, 2025 | Dec 31, 2024 | Sep 30, 2024 | Jun 30, 2024 | Mar 31, 2024 | Dec 31, 2023 | Sep 30, 2023 | Jun 30, 2023 | Mar 31, 2023 | Dec 31, 2022 | Sep 30, 2022 | Jun 30, 2022 | Mar 31, 2022 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross profit on product sales | 5,501) | 6,279) | 5,776) | 5,553) | 5,073) | 5,955) | 5,941) | 5,368) | 5,095) | 4,980) | 5,429) | 5,122) | 4,905) | 5,936) | 5,583) | 4,696) | 5,110) | ||||||
| Product sales | 6,946) | 7,903) | 7,345) | 7,054) | 6,613) | 7,536) | 7,515) | 6,912) | 6,647) | 7,070) | 6,994) | 6,564) | 6,306) | 7,332) | 6,978) | 6,138) | 6,534) | ||||||
| Profitability Ratio | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross profit margin1 | 79.01% | 78.44% | 78.31% | 78.42% | 78.17% | 78.15% | 75.98% | 75.56% | 75.62% | 75.87% | 78.66% | 79.27% | 78.94% | 79.03% | 74.31% | 75.30% | 75.50% | ||||||
| Benchmarks | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross Profit Margin, Competitors2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| AbbVie Inc. | 70.68% | 70.24% | 69.74% | 70.93% | 70.69% | 69.99% | 67.21% | 62.75% | 62.28% | 62.42% | 65.76% | 68.91% | 69.43% | 70.00% | 69.62% | 70.48% | 69.53% | ||||||
| Amgen Inc. | 66.72% | 65.75% | 64.71% | 62.99% | 61.48% | 59.85% | 58.71% | 61.56% | 64.76% | 68.60% | 72.35% | 72.87% | 73.65% | 74.17% | 73.99% | 74.00% | 73.30% | ||||||
| Bristol-Myers Squibb Co. | 70.46% | 71.08% | 69.50% | 70.29% | 70.47% | 71.08% | 74.91% | 75.38% | 75.71% | 76.24% | 76.54% | 77.01% | 77.68% | 78.04% | 78.82% | 79.13% | 79.62% | ||||||
| Danaher Corp. | 58.94% | 59.11% | 59.53% | 59.66% | 59.74% | 59.50% | 59.37% | 59.27% | 58.39% | 58.74% | 58.77% | 59.17% | 60.22% | 60.21% | 60.65% | 60.77% | 60.77% | ||||||
| Eli Lilly & Co. | 82.83% | 83.04% | 83.03% | 82.64% | 81.70% | 81.31% | 80.91% | 80.75% | 80.16% | 79.25% | 78.67% | 77.77% | 77.67% | 76.77% | 75.61% | 75.98% | 74.40% | ||||||
| Johnson & Johnson | 67.82% | 67.88% | 68.08% | 67.92% | 68.30% | 69.07% | 69.05% | 69.06% | 69.20% | 68.82% | 68.54% | 68.06% | 67.34% | 67.26% | 67.43% | 67.86% | 67.97% | ||||||
| Merck & Co. Inc. | 73.91% | 74.80% | 77.18% | 76.60% | 76.42% | 76.32% | 75.82% | 75.25% | 74.37% | 73.17% | 72.86% | 72.96% | 72.43% | 70.63% | 70.49% | 70.41% | 70.72% | ||||||
| Pfizer Inc. | 73.51% | 74.33% | 73.39% | 72.12% | 72.28% | 71.94% | 67.73% | 58.18% | 58.09% | 58.10% | 60.97% | 69.61% | 68.61% | 65.77% | 65.53% | 62.18% | 60.35% | ||||||
| Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc. | 84.55% | 85.35% | 85.39% | 85.57% | 85.79% | 86.13% | 86.12% | 86.16% | 86.32% | 86.16% | 85.96% | 86.42% | 86.96% | 87.18% | 85.39% | 84.97% | 84.65% | ||||||
| Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. | 40.78% | 40.93% | 41.27% | 41.18% | 41.34% | 41.28% | 40.77% | 40.76% | 40.40% | 39.90% | 39.87% | 39.75% | 40.28% | 42.24% | 44.42% | 46.63% | 48.37% | ||||||
| Vertex Pharmaceuticals Inc. | 86.24% | 86.24% | 86.28% | 86.11% | 86.03% | 86.11% | 86.12% | 86.45% | 86.86% | 87.21% | 87.80% | 87.92% | 88.04% | 87.90% | 88.00% | 88.13% | 87.95% | ||||||
Based on: 10-Q (reporting date: 2026-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2025-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-03-31).
1 Q1 2026 Calculation
Gross profit margin = 100
× (Gross profit on product salesQ1 2026
+ Gross profit on product salesQ4 2025
+ Gross profit on product salesQ3 2025
+ Gross profit on product salesQ2 2025)
÷ (Product salesQ1 2026
+ Product salesQ4 2025
+ Product salesQ3 2025
+ Product salesQ2 2025)
= 100 × (5,501 + 6,279 + 5,776 + 5,553)
÷ (6,946 + 7,903 + 7,345 + 7,054)
= 79.01%
2 Click competitor name to see calculations.
The gross profit margin exhibits a cyclical pattern characterized by periods of relative stability interspersed with distinct fluctuations between 74% and 79%. Over the analyzed period, the margin demonstrates a resilience in maintaining a high baseline, though it is subject to quarterly volatility.
- Margin Volatility and Recovery Cycles
- A notable decline occurred in the third quarter of 2022, where the gross profit margin reached its lowest point at 74.31%. This was followed by a sharp recovery in December 2022, with the margin ascending to 79.03%. A secondary contraction was observed between December 2023 and June 2024, during which the margin retreated to a range between 75.56% and 75.87% before initiating a sustained upward trajectory through March 2026.
- Revenue and Profit Correlation
- Product sales show a recurring seasonal peak in the December quarters of each year, with the highest recorded sales reaching 7.903 billion US dollars in December 2025. These peaks in revenue generally align with strong gross profit figures, though the margin percentage does not always move in direct tandem with sales volume. For instance, while sales peaked in December 2023, the gross profit margin simultaneously experienced a decline to 75.87%, suggesting an increase in the cost of goods sold relative to revenue during that specific period.
- Long-term Margin Stabilization
- Beginning in December 2024, a period of increased stability is evident. The gross profit margin remained consistently above 78% for the subsequent fifteen months, concluding at 79.01% by March 2026. This suggests an optimization of production costs or a shift in product mix that has allowed for a more consistent capture of value per unit of sale compared to the more volatile periods of 2022 and 2023.
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Operating Profit Margin
Gilead Sciences Inc., operating profit margin calculation (quarterly data)
| Mar 31, 2026 | Dec 31, 2025 | Sep 30, 2025 | Jun 30, 2025 | Mar 31, 2025 | Dec 31, 2024 | Sep 30, 2024 | Jun 30, 2024 | Mar 31, 2024 | Dec 31, 2023 | Sep 30, 2023 | Jun 30, 2023 | Mar 31, 2023 | Dec 31, 2022 | Sep 30, 2022 | Jun 30, 2022 | Mar 31, 2022 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating income (loss) | 2,586) | 1,984) | 3,327) | 2,474) | 2,237) | 2,452) | 888) | 2,644) | (4,322) | 1,612) | 2,623) | 1,665) | 1,705) | 2,267) | 2,837) | 2,029) | 197) | ||||||
| Product sales | 6,946) | 7,903) | 7,345) | 7,054) | 6,613) | 7,536) | 7,515) | 6,912) | 6,647) | 7,070) | 6,994) | 6,564) | 6,306) | 7,332) | 6,978) | 6,138) | 6,534) | ||||||
| Profitability Ratio | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating profit margin1 | 35.46% | 34.66% | 36.75% | 28.03% | 28.77% | 5.81% | 2.92% | 9.26% | 5.79% | 28.24% | 30.37% | 31.18% | 33.03% | 27.17% | 22.39% | 25.78% | 26.56% | ||||||
| Benchmarks | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating Profit Margin, Competitors2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| AbbVie Inc. | 24.41% | 24.65% | 15.16% | 18.80% | 17.56% | 16.22% | 24.89% | 22.31% | 23.50% | 23.49% | 27.32% | 31.03% | 28.49% | 31.21% | 30.59% | 30.33% | 32.68% | ||||||
| Amgen Inc. | 29.77% | 25.83% | 25.14% | 24.45% | 22.71% | 22.66% | 19.97% | 20.96% | 24.72% | 29.35% | 34.55% | 37.50% | 36.07% | 38.57% | 39.31% | 38.04% | 32.78% | ||||||
| Bristol-Myers Squibb Co. | 20.55% | 20.75% | 18.86% | 16.70% | 15.24% | -15.50% | -14.05% | -14.39% | -14.30% | 16.18% | 16.96% | 17.29% | 18.13% | 17.96% | 19.04% | 18.19% | 16.79% | ||||||
| Danaher Corp. | 19.21% | 19.09% | 19.01% | 18.39% | 20.26% | 20.37% | 20.11% | 21.22% | 21.05% | 21.77% | 23.83% | 25.06% | 27.02% | 27.61% | 27.35% | 25.44% | 25.23% | ||||||
| Eli Lilly & Co. | 43.63% | 40.35% | 38.84% | 32.37% | 28.74% | 28.64% | 24.81% | 23.28% | 20.80% | 18.92% | 18.42% | 24.17% | 22.45% | 24.97% | 24.65% | 25.50% | 25.94% | ||||||
| Johnson & Johnson | 26.39% | 26.85% | 25.44% | 23.67% | 23.59% | 23.42% | 24.42% | 25.31% | 25.04% | 24.90% | 25.55% | 25.61% | 25.21% | 24.63% | 23.89% | 23.47% | 23.76% | ||||||
| Merck & Co. Inc. | 18.18% | 32.64% | 33.73% | 30.00% | 31.51% | 31.03% | 21.60% | 24.75% | 6.93% | 3.92% | 13.08% | 10.34% | 27.85% | 30.27% | 30.66% | 33.04% | 28.85% | ||||||
| Pfizer Inc. | 22.96% | 22.76% | 21.85% | 23.23% | 19.29% | 19.51% | 9.56% | -4.19% | -2.08% | 2.15% | 14.36% | 28.13% | 34.44% | 34.83% | 33.59% | 30.37% | 26.12% | ||||||
| Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc. | 24.32% | 24.95% | 25.89% | 27.02% | 27.20% | 28.10% | 28.69% | 28.95% | 29.40% | 30.85% | 32.23% | 34.20% | 35.79% | 38.93% | 45.45% | 48.19% | 55.08% | ||||||
| Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. | 17.46% | 17.38% | 17.16% | 17.13% | 17.23% | 17.11% | 16.93% | 17.01% | 16.38% | 16.00% | 15.81% | 15.42% | 16.29% | 18.69% | 20.54% | 22.51% | 23.83% | ||||||
| Vertex Pharmaceuticals Inc. | 38.31% | 34.77% | 34.06% | 34.36% | -6.69% | -2.11% | -2.54% | -3.37% | 41.16% | 38.83% | 40.16% | 41.72% | 43.93% | 48.23% | 47.72% | 48.85% | 36.93% | ||||||
Based on: 10-Q (reporting date: 2026-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2025-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-03-31).
1 Q1 2026 Calculation
Operating profit margin = 100
× (Operating income (loss)Q1 2026
+ Operating income (loss)Q4 2025
+ Operating income (loss)Q3 2025
+ Operating income (loss)Q2 2025)
÷ (Product salesQ1 2026
+ Product salesQ4 2025
+ Product salesQ3 2025
+ Product salesQ2 2025)
= 100 × (2,586 + 1,984 + 3,327 + 2,474)
÷ (6,946 + 7,903 + 7,345 + 7,054)
= 35.46%
2 Click competitor name to see calculations.
The operating profit margin exhibited significant volatility over the analyzed period, characterized by an initial phase of relative stability, a severe contraction during 2024, and a subsequent recovery to peak levels throughout 2025 and early 2026.
- Stability and Initial Growth (2022 – Early 2023)
- Between March 2022 and December 2022, the operating profit margin remained relatively consistent, fluctuating between 22.39% and 27.17%. A notable peak in operational efficiency was reached on March 31, 2023, with the margin climbing to 33.03%.
- Operational Volatility and Contraction (2024)
- A sharp decline in profitability is observed during 2024. The most significant anomaly occurred on March 31, 2024, where operating income dropped to negative $4.322 billion, resulting in a margin of 5.79%. Profitability remained suppressed for the remainder of the year, hitting a low of 2.92% on September 30, 2024. Because product sales remained stable during this period—ranging from $6.647 billion to $7.536 billion—the margin compression appears to be driven by significant operating losses or one-time charges rather than a decline in revenue generation.
- Recovery and Margin Expansion (2025 – 2026)
- A strong recovery trend emerged starting in March 2025, with the operating profit margin returning to 28.77%. This upward trajectory peaked on September 30, 2025, at 36.75%, coinciding with a period of growth in product sales that reached $7.903 billion by December 2025. The period concludes with the margin stabilizing at a high level, remaining above 35% through March 31, 2026, indicating a sustained improvement in operational leverage and profitability.
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Net Profit Margin
Gilead Sciences Inc., net profit margin calculation (quarterly data)
| Mar 31, 2026 | Dec 31, 2025 | Sep 30, 2025 | Jun 30, 2025 | Mar 31, 2025 | Dec 31, 2024 | Sep 30, 2024 | Jun 30, 2024 | Mar 31, 2024 | Dec 31, 2023 | Sep 30, 2023 | Jun 30, 2023 | Mar 31, 2023 | Dec 31, 2022 | Sep 30, 2022 | Jun 30, 2022 | Mar 31, 2022 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) attributable to Gilead | 2,021) | 2,183) | 3,052) | 1,960) | 1,315) | 1,783) | 1,253) | 1,614) | (4,170) | 1,430) | 2,180) | 1,045) | 1,010) | 1,640) | 1,789) | 1,144) | 19) | ||||||
| Product sales | 6,946) | 7,903) | 7,345) | 7,054) | 6,613) | 7,536) | 7,515) | 6,912) | 6,647) | 7,070) | 6,994) | 6,564) | 6,306) | 7,332) | 6,978) | 6,138) | 6,534) | ||||||
| Profitability Ratio | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net profit margin1 | 31.51% | 29.43% | 28.41% | 21.98% | 20.87% | 1.68% | 0.45% | 3.82% | 1.78% | 21.03% | 21.60% | 20.18% | 20.87% | 17.02% | 12.44% | 15.22% | 16.60% | ||||||
| Benchmarks | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net Profit Margin, Competitors2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| AbbVie Inc. | 5.79% | 6.91% | 4.00% | 6.45% | 7.31% | 7.59% | 9.22% | 9.71% | 11.02% | 8.95% | 11.81% | 15.50% | 13.37% | 20.39% | 23.19% | 22.04% | 22.00% | ||||||
| Amgen Inc. | 21.98% | 21.94% | 20.31% | 19.75% | 18.10% | 12.77% | 13.58% | 10.60% | 13.35% | 24.96% | 29.52% | 31.52% | 31.77% | 26.42% | 27.88% | 26.73% | 23.42% | ||||||
| Bristol-Myers Squibb Co. | 15.01% | 14.64% | 12.57% | 10.58% | 11.38% | -18.53% | -15.30% | -14.06% | -13.50% | 17.83% | 18.44% | 17.62% | 15.95% | 13.71% | 14.29% | 14.04% | 13.31% | ||||||
| Danaher Corp. | 14.89% | 14.71% | 14.43% | 14.21% | 15.81% | 16.33% | 16.39% | 17.83% | 18.54% | 19.94% | 22.89% | 22.80% | 23.32% | 22.91% | 21.65% | 20.61% | 21.32% | ||||||
| Eli Lilly & Co. | 34.99% | 31.67% | 30.99% | 25.91% | 22.66% | 23.51% | 20.48% | 18.86% | 17.08% | 15.36% | 15.55% | 22.01% | 20.54% | 21.88% | 20.63% | 19.58% | 20.90% | ||||||
| Johnson & Johnson | 21.83% | 28.46% | 27.26% | 25.00% | 24.41% | 15.84% | 16.74% | 43.91% | 44.92% | 41.28% | 39.58% | 14.52% | 13.77% | 18.90% | 19.95% | 19.21% | 20.90% | ||||||
| Merck & Co. Inc. | 13.59% | 28.08% | 29.63% | 25.79% | 27.27% | 26.68% | 19.23% | 21.98% | 3.76% | 0.61% | 7.77% | 5.34% | 22.52% | 24.49% | 25.88% | 29.00% | 26.27% | ||||||
| Pfizer Inc. | 11.83% | 12.42% | 15.65% | 16.84% | 12.62% | 12.62% | 7.04% | -4.62% | -0.55% | 3.56% | 15.13% | 27.38% | 31.19% | 31.27% | 29.81% | 28.94% | 27.01% | ||||||
| Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc. | 29.65% | 31.41% | 32.13% | 31.37% | 31.94% | 31.07% | 33.61% | 32.04% | 29.45% | 30.14% | 30.47% | 33.93% | 33.81% | 35.64% | 39.17% | 39.97% | 48.06% | ||||||
| Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. | 15.15% | 15.05% | 15.02% | 15.23% | 15.18% | 14.77% | 14.48% | 14.69% | 14.20% | 13.99% | 13.68% | 13.14% | 13.75% | 15.47% | 15.92% | 17.37% | 18.49% | ||||||
| Vertex Pharmaceuticals Inc. | 35.51% | 32.94% | 31.35% | 31.86% | -8.91% | -4.86% | -4.52% | -4.74% | 39.46% | 36.68% | 35.94% | 35.40% | 35.40% | 37.20% | 37.62% | 38.26% | 30.84% | ||||||
Based on: 10-Q (reporting date: 2026-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2025-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-03-31).
1 Q1 2026 Calculation
Net profit margin = 100
× (Net income (loss) attributable to GileadQ1 2026
+ Net income (loss) attributable to GileadQ4 2025
+ Net income (loss) attributable to GileadQ3 2025
+ Net income (loss) attributable to GileadQ2 2025)
÷ (Product salesQ1 2026
+ Product salesQ4 2025
+ Product salesQ3 2025
+ Product salesQ2 2025)
= 100 × (2,021 + 2,183 + 3,052 + 1,960)
÷ (6,946 + 7,903 + 7,345 + 7,054)
= 31.51%
2 Click competitor name to see calculations.
The net profit margin demonstrates significant volatility over the analyzed period, characterized by an initial phase of stability, a severe contraction during 2024, and a subsequent period of aggressive expansion leading into early 2026.
- Initial Stability and Moderate Growth (2022–2023)
- Between March 2022 and December 2023, the net profit margin exhibited a general upward trend, rising from 16.60% to a peak of 21.60% in September 2023. During this interval, product sales remained relatively stable, generally fluctuating between 6.1 billion and 7.3 billion US dollars, which supported a consistent net income profile.
- Profitability Contraction and Volatility (2024)
- A sharp decline in profitability is observed throughout 2024, where margins plummeted to a range between 0.45% and 3.82%. This downturn is heavily attributed to a significant net loss of 4,170 million US dollars recorded in the first quarter of 2024. Despite product sales remaining resilient and even increasing to 7.5 billion US dollars by September 2024, net income remained suppressed, leading to critically low profit margins for the duration of the year.
- Recovery and Margin Expansion (2025–2026)
- A strong recovery began in the first quarter of 2025, with the net profit margin returning to 20.87%. This momentum accelerated through the remainder of the year, with margins climbing to 29.43% by December 2025 and reaching a period high of 31.51% by March 2026. This expansion coincided with a peak in product sales of 7.9 billion US dollars in late 2025, indicating a substantial improvement in the conversion of revenue to net profit.
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Return on Equity (ROE)
Gilead Sciences Inc., ROE calculation (quarterly data)
| Mar 31, 2026 | Dec 31, 2025 | Sep 30, 2025 | Jun 30, 2025 | Mar 31, 2025 | Dec 31, 2024 | Sep 30, 2024 | Jun 30, 2024 | Mar 31, 2024 | Dec 31, 2023 | Sep 30, 2023 | Jun 30, 2023 | Mar 31, 2023 | Dec 31, 2022 | Sep 30, 2022 | Jun 30, 2022 | Mar 31, 2022 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) attributable to Gilead | 2,021) | 2,183) | 3,052) | 1,960) | 1,315) | 1,783) | 1,253) | 1,614) | (4,170) | 1,430) | 2,180) | 1,045) | 1,010) | 1,640) | 1,789) | 1,144) | 19) | ||||||
| Total Gilead stockholders’ equity | 23,515) | 22,703) | 21,540) | 19,674) | 19,162) | 19,330) | 18,475) | 18,281) | 17,539) | 22,833) | 22,314) | 21,158) | 20,997) | 21,240) | 21,081) | 20,236) | 19,927) | ||||||
| Profitability Ratio | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| ROE1 | 39.19% | 37.48% | 37.65% | 32.08% | 31.13% | 2.48% | 0.69% | 5.77% | 2.77% | 24.81% | 26.33% | 25.92% | 26.59% | 21.62% | 15.82% | 20.44% | 22.66% | ||||||
| Benchmarks | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| ROE, Competitors2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| AbbVie Inc. | — | — | — | — | 295.42% | 128.66% | 84.91% | 78.77% | 74.85% | 46.94% | 53.86% | 67.50% | 57.14% | 68.60% | 83.83% | 86.24% | 76.64% | ||||||
| Amgen Inc. | 84.87% | 89.06% | 72.82% | 89.11% | 95.59% | 69.59% | 56.20% | 52.83% | 74.93% | 107.78% | 98.82% | 117.67% | 148.04% | 178.97% | 187.11% | 271.85% | 624.78% | ||||||
| Bristol-Myers Squibb Co. | 36.25% | 38.19% | 32.55% | 28.96% | 31.16% | -54.78% | -42.34% | -38.44% | -37.28% | 27.27% | 28.57% | 24.91% | 22.97% | 20.37% | 20.44% | 20.30% | 19.79% | ||||||
| Danaher Corp. | 6.97% | 6.88% | 6.86% | 6.52% | 7.40% | 7.87% | 7.59% | 8.42% | 8.24% | 8.91% | 11.29% | 12.30% | 13.47% | 14.39% | 14.40% | 13.63% | 13.93% | ||||||
| Eli Lilly & Co. | 81.02% | 77.78% | 77.38% | 75.52% | 70.45% | 74.62% | 58.78% | 54.14% | 47.91% | 48.65% | 44.46% | 58.73% | 50.82% | 58.64% | 59.91% | 66.61% | 65.69% | ||||||
| Johnson & Johnson | 25.92% | 32.87% | 31.69% | 28.88% | 27.92% | 19.68% | 20.93% | 53.14% | 54.95% | 51.11% | 48.61% | 17.37% | 17.95% | 23.36% | 25.68% | 24.05% | 26.54% | ||||||
| Merck & Co. Inc. | 19.48% | 34.70% | 36.71% | 33.49% | 36.07% | 36.96% | 27.30% | 31.52% | 5.71% | 0.97% | 11.17% | 8.04% | 27.82% | 31.57% | 34.32% | 38.34% | 34.68% | ||||||
| Pfizer Inc. | 8.31% | 8.99% | 10.59% | 12.12% | 8.73% | 9.11% | 4.61% | -2.96% | -0.33% | 2.38% | 10.81% | 21.68% | 28.77% | 32.79% | 32.14% | 33.61% | 30.29% | ||||||
| Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc. | 14.08% | 14.41% | 14.79% | 14.89% | 15.31% | 15.03% | 15.87% | 15.32% | 14.29% | 15.22% | 16.03% | 17.90% | 17.80% | 19.14% | 25.05% | 27.49% | 39.84% | ||||||
| Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. | 13.19% | 12.55% | 12.88% | 13.03% | 13.19% | 12.78% | 12.52% | 13.12% | 13.26% | 12.83% | 13.11% | 13.08% | 14.26% | 15.80% | 16.15% | 17.59% | 18.56% | ||||||
| Vertex Pharmaceuticals Inc. | 22.41% | 21.18% | 21.22% | 21.18% | -5.99% | -3.26% | -3.07% | -3.32% | 21.67% | 20.59% | 21.01% | 21.75% | 22.59% | 23.88% | 25.12% | 26.77% | 22.47% | ||||||
Based on: 10-Q (reporting date: 2026-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2025-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-03-31).
1 Q1 2026 Calculation
ROE = 100
× (Net income (loss) attributable to GileadQ1 2026
+ Net income (loss) attributable to GileadQ4 2025
+ Net income (loss) attributable to GileadQ3 2025
+ Net income (loss) attributable to GileadQ2 2025)
÷ Total Gilead stockholders’ equity
= 100 × (2,021 + 2,183 + 3,052 + 1,960)
÷ 23,515 = 39.19%
2 Click competitor name to see calculations.
The Return on Equity (ROE) exhibits a pattern of stability, a sharp contraction in 2024, and a subsequent aggressive recovery, reflecting significant volatility in net income and equity levels over the analyzed period.
- Net Income Volatility
- Net income maintained a generally stable and positive trajectory from March 2022 through December 2023, with quarterly values typically ranging between $1 billion and $2.2 billion. A significant deviation occurred on March 31, 2024, with a recorded net loss of $4.17 billion. This downturn was followed by a consistent recovery, with net income peaking at $3.05 billion in June 2025 and remaining above $2 billion through March 2026.
- Stockholders' Equity Trends
- Total stockholders' equity grew steadily from $19.9 billion in March 2022 to a peak of $22.8 billion by December 2023. The net loss in the first quarter of 2024 led to a sharp reduction in equity, which dropped to $17.5 billion. Following this decline, equity began a gradual recovery, trending upward to reach $23.5 billion by March 2026.
- ROE Performance and Interpretation
- ROE remained relatively consistent between 15.82% and 26.59% during the first two years of the analysis. The collapse of net income in early 2024 caused a precipitous drop in ROE, which reached a low of 0.69% in September 2024. Starting in March 2025, ROE entered a period of rapid expansion, significantly exceeding previous historical levels to reach 31.13% in March 2025 and culminating in a high of 39.19% by March 2026. This suggests a substantial improvement in the company's ability to generate profit relative to its equity base during the final phases of the period.
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Return on Assets (ROA)
Gilead Sciences Inc., ROA calculation (quarterly data)
| Mar 31, 2026 | Dec 31, 2025 | Sep 30, 2025 | Jun 30, 2025 | Mar 31, 2025 | Dec 31, 2024 | Sep 30, 2024 | Jun 30, 2024 | Mar 31, 2024 | Dec 31, 2023 | Sep 30, 2023 | Jun 30, 2023 | Mar 31, 2023 | Dec 31, 2022 | Sep 30, 2022 | Jun 30, 2022 | Mar 31, 2022 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) attributable to Gilead | 2,021) | 2,183) | 3,052) | 1,960) | 1,315) | 1,783) | 1,253) | 1,614) | (4,170) | 1,430) | 2,180) | 1,045) | 1,010) | 1,640) | 1,789) | 1,144) | 19) | ||||||
| Total assets | 56,278) | 59,023) | 58,533) | 55,721) | 56,434) | 58,995) | 54,525) | 53,579) | 56,292) | 62,125) | 62,373) | 62,337) | 61,876) | 63,171) | 62,557) | 62,870) | 63,080) | ||||||
| Profitability Ratio | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| ROA1 | 16.38% | 14.42% | 13.86% | 11.33% | 10.57% | 0.81% | 0.23% | 1.97% | 0.86% | 9.12% | 9.42% | 8.80% | 9.02% | 7.27% | 5.33% | 6.58% | 7.16% | ||||||
| Benchmarks | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| ROA, Competitors2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| AbbVie Inc. | 2.66% | 3.15% | 1.78% | 2.74% | 3.08% | 3.17% | 3.57% | 3.76% | 4.03% | 3.61% | 4.78% | 6.42% | 5.64% | 8.53% | 9.49% | 8.83% | 8.71% | ||||||
| Amgen Inc. | 8.43% | 8.51% | 7.77% | 7.53% | 6.64% | 4.45% | 4.65% | 3.44% | 4.05% | 6.91% | 8.36% | 8.84% | 8.92% | 10.06% | 10.73% | 11.09% | 9.67% | ||||||
| Bristol-Myers Squibb Co. | 8.41% | 7.83% | 6.23% | 5.33% | 5.86% | -9.66% | -7.75% | -6.91% | -6.21% | 8.43% | 9.08% | 8.52% | 7.75% | 6.53% | 6.80% | 6.59% | 6.07% | ||||||
| Danaher Corp. | 4.42% | 4.33% | 4.38% | 4.18% | 4.76% | 5.03% | 4.83% | 5.35% | 5.28% | 5.64% | 6.74% | 7.49% | 8.15% | 8.55% | 8.35% | 7.76% | 7.74% | ||||||
| Eli Lilly & Co. | 21.68% | 18.35% | 16.02% | 13.67% | 12.42% | 13.45% | 11.07% | 10.22% | 9.60% | 8.19% | 8.61% | 11.85% | 10.70% | 12.62% | 12.71% | 12.09% | 13.06% | ||||||
| Johnson & Johnson | 10.47% | 13.46% | 13.03% | 11.72% | 11.26% | 7.81% | 8.24% | 20.99% | 22.37% | 20.98% | 20.85% | 6.81% | 6.49% | 9.57% | 10.94% | 10.33% | 11.12% | ||||||
| Merck & Co. Inc. | 6.94% | 13.34% | 14.69% | 13.96% | 15.14% | 14.62% | 10.34% | 12.20% | 2.18% | 0.34% | 4.32% | 2.98% | 12.09% | 13.30% | 14.25% | 15.48% | 13.29% | ||||||
| Pfizer Inc. | 3.61% | 3.73% | 4.71% | 5.22% | 3.79% | 3.76% | 1.94% | -1.20% | -0.14% | 0.94% | 4.87% | 9.75% | 14.85% | 15.91% | 15.32% | 15.01% | 13.58% | ||||||
| Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc. | 10.82% | 11.11% | 11.40% | 11.67% | 11.98% | 11.69% | 12.43% | 11.98% | 11.22% | 11.95% | 12.41% | 14.02% | 13.91% | 14.85% | 19.40% | 20.90% | 30.11% | ||||||
| Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. | 6.05% | 6.08% | 6.38% | 6.50% | 6.58% | 6.51% | 6.11% | 6.32% | 6.21% | 6.07% | 6.12% | 6.08% | 6.36% | 7.15% | 7.77% | 8.21% | 8.20% | ||||||
| Vertex Pharmaceuticals Inc. | 16.38% | 15.42% | 14.78% | 15.13% | -4.32% | -2.38% | -2.16% | -2.43% | 16.81% | 15.92% | 15.97% | 16.54% | 17.18% | 18.30% | 19.59% | 20.50% | 17.19% | ||||||
Based on: 10-Q (reporting date: 2026-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2025-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-03-31).
1 Q1 2026 Calculation
ROA = 100
× (Net income (loss) attributable to GileadQ1 2026
+ Net income (loss) attributable to GileadQ4 2025
+ Net income (loss) attributable to GileadQ3 2025
+ Net income (loss) attributable to GileadQ2 2025)
÷ Total assets
= 100 × (2,021 + 2,183 + 3,052 + 1,960)
÷ 56,278 = 16.38%
2 Click competitor name to see calculations.
The return on assets (ROA) exhibits a period of initial stability followed by a significant anomaly and a subsequent aggressive growth phase from March 2022 through March 2026. The overall trajectory indicates a marked improvement in asset efficiency and profitability toward the end of the analyzed period.
- Stability and Moderate Growth (2022–2023)
- Between March 2022 and December 2023, ROA fluctuated within a range of 5.33% to 9.42%. During this period, net income remained generally positive and stable, while total assets were maintained consistently around 62 billion US dollars, suggesting a steady relationship between the asset base and earnings generation.
- Contraction and Volatility (2024)
- A significant decline in profitability is observed throughout 2024. ROA plummeted to a low of 0.23% by September 30, 2024. This downturn was primarily driven by a substantial net loss of 4.17 billion US dollars reported on March 31, 2024. This period also saw a reduction in total assets, which fell from the 62 billion US dollar range to a low of 53.58 billion US dollars by June 2024.
- Recovery and Efficiency Gains (2025–2026)
- A strong and consistent upward trend in ROA began in early 2025, rising from 10.57% in March 2025 to 16.38% by March 31, 2026. This acceleration is attributed to a combination of rising net income—which peaked at 3.05 billion US dollars in September 2025—and a leaner asset base compared to the 2022–2023 period. The result is a significant expansion in the company's ability to generate profit from its total assets.
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