Analysis of Profitability Ratios
Quarterly Data
Profitability ratios measure the company ability to generate profitable sales from its resources (assets).
Profitability Ratios (Summary)
Eli Lilly & Co., profitability ratios (quarterly data)
Based on: 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-03-31).
- Gross Profit Margin
- The gross profit margin shows a generally upward trend over the observed periods. Starting around 75.88% in early 2021, it experiences minor fluctuations but consistently rises to exceed 83% by late 2025. This indicates improving efficiency in production or cost management relative to revenue over time.
- Operating Profit Margin
- The operating profit margin has a more variable pattern but exhibits significant improvement in later periods. Initial values around 22% to 25% during 2021 and 2022 fluctuate, with a notable dip to approximately 18-19% towards the end of 2023. From 2024 onward, it climbs steadily and sharply, reaching nearly 39% by the end of 2025. This suggests enhanced control over operating expenses or stronger operational performance in recent years.
- Net Profit Margin
- The net profit margin similarly reflects volatility with a generally positive shift in the later quarters. After declining from roughly 24% in early 2021 to lows around 15% in late 2023, it rebounds strongly in subsequent years, ultimately approaching 31% toward the close of 2025. This implies better overall profitability after accounting for all expenses and taxes, indicating strengthening financial health.
- Return on Equity (ROE)
- ROE demonstrates a declining trend initially, starting above 88% in early 2021 and dropping significantly to below 50% during 2023. However, after this trough, ROE recovers and rises steadily afterward, reaching approximately 77% by the end of 2025. This pattern may reflect changes in leverage, net income, or equity balance, with recent improvements signifying enhanced returns to shareholders.
- Return on Assets (ROA)
- ROA shows a generally declining trend through 2023, moving from about 13% to under 9%, indicating decreased efficiency in asset utilization during this period. Starting from 2024, ROA improves consistently, surpassing 16% by the end of 2025. This improvement suggests better use of assets to generate profits, aligning with the rise in profitability margins seen elsewhere.
Return on Sales
Return on Investment
Gross Profit Margin
Eli Lilly & Co., gross profit margin calculation (quarterly data)
| Sep 30, 2025 | Jun 30, 2025 | Mar 31, 2025 | Dec 31, 2024 | Sep 30, 2024 | Jun 30, 2024 | Mar 31, 2024 | Dec 31, 2023 | Sep 30, 2023 | Jun 30, 2023 | Mar 31, 2023 | Dec 31, 2022 | Sep 30, 2022 | Jun 30, 2022 | Mar 31, 2022 | Dec 31, 2021 | Sep 30, 2021 | Jun 30, 2021 | Mar 31, 2021 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Selected Financial Data (US$ in thousands) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross margin | 14,592,500) | 13,109,900) | 10,504,300) | 11,129,000) | 9,268,300) | 9,132,600) | 7,094,500) | 7,565,400) | 7,638,500) | 6,504,700) | 5,333,300) | 5,753,700) | 5,362,500) | 5,057,500) | 5,737,900) | 5,949,700) | 5,342,000) | 4,786,900) | 4,927,000) | ||||||
| Revenue | 17,600,800) | 15,557,700) | 12,728,500) | 13,532,800) | 11,439,100) | 11,302,800) | 8,768,000) | 9,353,400) | 9,498,600) | 8,312,100) | 6,960,000) | 7,301,800) | 6,941,600) | 6,488,000) | 7,810,000) | 7,999,900) | 6,772,800) | 6,740,100) | 6,805,600) | ||||||
| Profitability Ratio | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross profit margin1 | 83.03% | 82.64% | 81.70% | 81.31% | 80.91% | 80.75% | 80.16% | 79.25% | 78.67% | 77.77% | 77.67% | 76.77% | 75.61% | 75.98% | 74.40% | 74.18% | 74.85% | 74.27% | 75.88% | ||||||
| Benchmarks | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross Profit Margin, Competitors2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| AbbVie Inc. | — | 70.93% | 70.69% | 69.99% | 67.21% | 62.75% | 62.28% | 62.42% | 65.76% | 68.91% | 69.43% | 70.00% | 69.62% | 70.48% | 69.53% | 68.96% | 67.72% | 65.62% | 64.82% | ||||||
| Amgen Inc. | — | 62.99% | 61.48% | 59.85% | 58.71% | 61.56% | 64.76% | 68.60% | 72.35% | 72.87% | 73.65% | 74.17% | 73.99% | 74.00% | 73.30% | 73.44% | 74.00% | 73.97% | 74.37% | ||||||
| Bristol-Myers Squibb Co. | 69.50% | 70.29% | 70.47% | 71.08% | 74.91% | 75.38% | 75.71% | 76.24% | 76.54% | 77.01% | 77.68% | 78.04% | 78.82% | 79.13% | 79.62% | 78.57% | 76.92% | 75.88% | 74.42% | ||||||
| Danaher Corp. | 59.53% | 59.66% | 59.74% | 59.50% | 59.37% | 59.27% | 58.39% | 58.74% | 58.77% | 59.17% | 60.22% | 60.21% | 60.65% | 60.77% | 60.77% | 60.95% | 60.44% | 59.24% | 57.60% | ||||||
| Gilead Sciences Inc. | — | 78.42% | 78.17% | 78.15% | 75.98% | 75.56% | 75.62% | 75.87% | 78.66% | 79.27% | 78.94% | 79.03% | 74.31% | 75.30% | 75.50% | 75.56% | 80.23% | 79.90% | 80.32% | ||||||
| Johnson & Johnson | 68.08% | 67.92% | 68.30% | 69.07% | 69.05% | 69.06% | 69.20% | 68.82% | 68.54% | 68.06% | 67.34% | 67.26% | 67.43% | 67.86% | 67.97% | 68.16% | 67.51% | 67.00% | 66.24% | ||||||
| Merck & Co. Inc. | — | 76.60% | 76.42% | 76.32% | 75.82% | 75.25% | 74.37% | 73.17% | 72.86% | 72.96% | 72.43% | 70.63% | 70.49% | 70.41% | 70.72% | 72.02% | 67.95% | 67.48% | 66.99% | ||||||
| Pfizer Inc. | — | 72.12% | 72.28% | 71.94% | 67.73% | 58.18% | 58.09% | 58.10% | 60.97% | 69.61% | 68.61% | 65.77% | 65.53% | 62.18% | 60.35% | 62.08% | 65.28% | 70.96% | 76.46% | ||||||
| Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc. | 85.39% | 85.57% | 85.79% | 86.13% | 86.12% | 86.16% | 86.32% | 86.16% | 85.96% | 86.42% | 86.96% | 87.18% | 85.39% | 84.97% | 84.65% | 84.83% | 86.65% | 86.85% | 86.84% | ||||||
| Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. | — | 41.18% | 41.34% | 41.28% | 40.77% | 40.76% | 40.40% | 39.90% | 39.87% | 39.75% | 40.28% | 42.24% | 44.42% | 46.63% | 48.37% | 50.08% | 51.05% | 51.29% | 51.47% | ||||||
| Vertex Pharmaceuticals Inc. | — | 86.11% | 86.03% | 86.11% | 86.12% | 86.45% | 86.86% | 87.21% | 87.80% | 87.92% | 88.04% | 87.90% | 88.00% | 88.13% | 87.95% | 88.06% | 87.94% | 87.89% | 88.06% | ||||||
Based on: 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-03-31).
1 Q3 2025 Calculation
Gross profit margin = 100
× (Gross marginQ3 2025
+ Gross marginQ2 2025
+ Gross marginQ1 2025
+ Gross marginQ4 2024)
÷ (RevenueQ3 2025
+ RevenueQ2 2025
+ RevenueQ1 2025
+ RevenueQ4 2024)
= 100 × (14,592,500 + 13,109,900 + 10,504,300 + 11,129,000)
÷ (17,600,800 + 15,557,700 + 12,728,500 + 13,532,800)
= 83.03%
2 Click competitor name to see calculations.
- Revenue Trends
- Revenue exhibited fluctuations over the observed periods with an overall upward trajectory. Initially, revenue was relatively stable around the 6.7 to 8.0 billion US$ range until the end of 2021, followed by a slight dip in mid-2022. From early 2023, revenue showed consistent growth, reaching its peak in the most recent quarter at approximately 17.6 billion US$. This indicates a significant expansion in sales volume or pricing power over time.
- Gross Margin Trends
- The gross margin experienced variable patterns but generally showed a positive trend in absolute terms. Early quarters displayed gross margin figures ranging between approximately 4.8 billion to 5.9 billion US$, with a slight decline during mid-2022. Starting in 2023, the gross margin values increased markedly, culminating in the highest levels observed in late 2024 and early 2025, exceeding 14.5 billion US$. This suggests improved cost control or enhanced profitability on sales.
- Gross Profit Margin Percentage
- The gross profit margin percentage demonstrated a steadily increasing trend throughout the entire period. Beginning at about 75.9% in early 2021, this margin dipped slightly during some quarters but trended upwards thereafter, surpassing 80% from early 2023 onwards. The margin reached approximately 83.0% in the most recent quarter, indicative of improving operational efficiency and potentially favorable product mix or pricing strategies.
- Overall Analysis
- The combined analysis of revenue, gross margin, and gross profit margin percentages points toward an increasingly profitable financial profile. While revenue growth showed some variability in the earlier periods, it accelerated significantly in the recent quarters. Concurrently, gross margins not only increased in absolute terms but also improved as a proportion of revenue, signifying enhanced profitability. This may be reflective of successful cost management, pricing adjustments, or shifts towards higher-margin products. The data highlights a positive momentum in financial performance, which may bode well for future earnings stability and growth.
Operating Profit Margin
Eli Lilly & Co., operating profit margin calculation (quarterly data)
| Sep 30, 2025 | Jun 30, 2025 | Mar 31, 2025 | Dec 31, 2024 | Sep 30, 2024 | Jun 30, 2024 | Mar 31, 2024 | Dec 31, 2023 | Sep 30, 2023 | Jun 30, 2023 | Mar 31, 2023 | Dec 31, 2022 | Sep 30, 2022 | Jun 30, 2022 | Mar 31, 2022 | Dec 31, 2021 | Sep 30, 2021 | Jun 30, 2021 | Mar 31, 2021 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Selected Financial Data (US$ in thousands) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating income | 7,365,500) | 6,867,000) | 3,695,100) | 5,148,800) | 1,526,400) | 3,714,800) | 2,509,000) | 2,387,800) | 450,400) | 2,125,700) | 1,494,000) | 1,836,400) | 1,676,500) | 1,210,100) | 2,404,300) | 1,917,200) | 1,881,200) | 1,403,400) | 1,155,300) | ||||||
| Revenue | 17,600,800) | 15,557,700) | 12,728,500) | 13,532,800) | 11,439,100) | 11,302,800) | 8,768,000) | 9,353,400) | 9,498,600) | 8,312,100) | 6,960,000) | 7,301,800) | 6,941,600) | 6,488,000) | 7,810,000) | 7,999,900) | 6,772,800) | 6,740,100) | 6,805,600) | ||||||
| Profitability Ratio | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating profit margin1 | 38.84% | 32.37% | 28.74% | 28.64% | 24.81% | 23.28% | 20.80% | 18.92% | 18.42% | 24.17% | 22.45% | 24.97% | 24.65% | 25.50% | 25.94% | 22.45% | 23.17% | 21.81% | 22.06% | ||||||
| Benchmarks | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating Profit Margin, Competitors2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| AbbVie Inc. | — | 18.80% | 17.56% | 16.22% | 24.89% | 22.31% | 23.50% | 23.49% | 27.32% | 31.03% | 28.49% | 31.21% | 30.59% | 30.33% | 32.68% | 31.89% | 30.09% | 28.95% | 23.63% | ||||||
| Amgen Inc. | — | 24.45% | 22.71% | 22.66% | 19.97% | 20.96% | 24.72% | 29.35% | 34.55% | 37.50% | 36.07% | 38.57% | 39.31% | 38.04% | 32.78% | 31.44% | 30.14% | 30.72% | 37.23% | ||||||
| Bristol-Myers Squibb Co. | 18.86% | 16.70% | 15.24% | -15.50% | -14.05% | -14.39% | -14.30% | 16.18% | 16.96% | 17.29% | 18.13% | 17.96% | 19.04% | 18.19% | 16.79% | 15.91% | -15.73% | -17.02% | -19.19% | ||||||
| Danaher Corp. | 19.01% | 18.39% | 20.26% | 20.37% | 20.11% | 21.22% | 21.05% | 21.77% | 23.83% | 25.06% | 27.02% | 27.61% | 27.35% | 25.44% | 25.23% | 25.35% | 24.63% | 25.04% | 22.30% | ||||||
| Gilead Sciences Inc. | — | 28.03% | 28.77% | 5.81% | 2.92% | 9.26% | 5.79% | 28.24% | 30.37% | 31.18% | 33.03% | 27.17% | 22.39% | 25.78% | 26.56% | 36.72% | 42.79% | 37.20% | 18.07% | ||||||
| Johnson & Johnson | 25.44% | 23.67% | 23.59% | 23.42% | 24.42% | 25.31% | 25.04% | 24.90% | 25.55% | 25.61% | 25.21% | 24.63% | 23.89% | 23.47% | 23.76% | 24.95% | 24.69% | 25.23% | 24.10% | ||||||
| Merck & Co. Inc. | — | 30.00% | 31.51% | 31.03% | 21.60% | 24.75% | 6.93% | 3.92% | 13.08% | 10.34% | 27.85% | 30.27% | 30.66% | 33.04% | 28.85% | 25.74% | 14.07% | 10.64% | 14.02% | ||||||
| Pfizer Inc. | — | 23.23% | 19.29% | 19.51% | 9.56% | -4.19% | -2.08% | 2.15% | 14.36% | 28.13% | 34.44% | 34.83% | 33.59% | 30.37% | 26.12% | 23.91% | 24.67% | 24.12% | 21.20% | ||||||
| Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc. | 25.89% | 27.02% | 27.20% | 28.10% | 28.69% | 28.95% | 29.40% | 30.85% | 32.23% | 34.20% | 35.79% | 38.93% | 45.45% | 48.19% | 55.08% | 55.67% | 55.19% | 53.94% | 43.37% | ||||||
| Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. | — | 17.13% | 17.23% | 17.11% | 16.93% | 17.01% | 16.38% | 16.00% | 15.81% | 15.42% | 16.29% | 18.69% | 20.54% | 22.51% | 23.83% | 25.57% | 27.04% | 28.00% | 27.68% | ||||||
| Vertex Pharmaceuticals Inc. | — | 34.36% | -6.69% | -2.11% | -2.54% | -3.37% | 41.16% | 38.83% | 40.16% | 41.72% | 43.93% | 48.23% | 47.72% | 48.85% | 36.93% | 36.73% | 37.17% | 33.93% | 47.14% | ||||||
Based on: 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-03-31).
1 Q3 2025 Calculation
Operating profit margin = 100
× (Operating incomeQ3 2025
+ Operating incomeQ2 2025
+ Operating incomeQ1 2025
+ Operating incomeQ4 2024)
÷ (RevenueQ3 2025
+ RevenueQ2 2025
+ RevenueQ1 2025
+ RevenueQ4 2024)
= 100 × (7,365,500 + 6,867,000 + 3,695,100 + 5,148,800)
÷ (17,600,800 + 15,557,700 + 12,728,500 + 13,532,800)
= 38.84%
2 Click competitor name to see calculations.
The financial data reflects notable fluctuations and an overall upward trend in key performance indicators over the observed periods.
- Operating Income
- The operating income exhibits significant volatility across quarters. There is an initial increase from early 2021 through the end of that year, peaking at approximately $1.92 billion in the fourth quarter of 2021. This is followed by variable performance throughout 2022 and early 2023, with some quarters experiencing more than a 50% drop compared to the previous quarter, notably the third quarter of 2023. However, from mid-2023 onwards, operating income generally trends upward with dramatic increases, culminating in a substantial peak nearing $7.4 billion by the third quarter of 2025. This indicates strong growth momentum in operating profitability in the later periods.
- Revenue
- Revenue figures display relatively stable quarterly fluctuations with a general upward trajectory. While certain quarters show minor declines or plateaus—particularly in mid-2021 and multiple quarters in 2022—there is a consistent increase starting in mid-2023. By the third quarter of 2025, revenue reaches its highest level at approximately $17.6 billion, suggesting robust sales growth. The revenue pattern closely correlates with the trends in operating income, though the growth in revenue is steadier and less volatile.
- Operating Profit Margin
- The operating profit margin shows a gradual improvement over the duration of the data. Early 2021 margins range in the low 20% area but experience an increase through 2022, reaching approximately 25%. Margins dip in parts of 2023 but subsequently recover and improve substantially by 2025, attaining a peak margin nearing 39% in the third quarter of 2025. This upward trend in profitability margin reflects enhancements in cost management or pricing power, contributing to a more efficient conversion of revenue into operating profit.
In summary, the company demonstrates a strong growth trajectory in both operating income and revenue, with notable improvements in operational efficiency as evidenced by the rising operating profit margins over the analyzed period. Despite some quarters of volatility, especially in operating income, the long-term patterns indicate strengthening financial performance and enhanced profitability.
Net Profit Margin
Eli Lilly & Co., net profit margin calculation (quarterly data)
| Sep 30, 2025 | Jun 30, 2025 | Mar 31, 2025 | Dec 31, 2024 | Sep 30, 2024 | Jun 30, 2024 | Mar 31, 2024 | Dec 31, 2023 | Sep 30, 2023 | Jun 30, 2023 | Mar 31, 2023 | Dec 31, 2022 | Sep 30, 2022 | Jun 30, 2022 | Mar 31, 2022 | Dec 31, 2021 | Sep 30, 2021 | Jun 30, 2021 | Mar 31, 2021 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Selected Financial Data (US$ in thousands) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) | 5,582,500) | 5,660,500) | 2,759,300) | 4,409,800) | 970,300) | 2,967,000) | 2,242,900) | 2,189,700) | (57,400) | 1,763,200) | 1,344,900) | 1,937,700) | 1,451,700) | 952,500) | 1,902,900) | 1,726,100) | 1,110,100) | 1,390,200) | 1,355,300) | ||||||
| Revenue | 17,600,800) | 15,557,700) | 12,728,500) | 13,532,800) | 11,439,100) | 11,302,800) | 8,768,000) | 9,353,400) | 9,498,600) | 8,312,100) | 6,960,000) | 7,301,800) | 6,941,600) | 6,488,000) | 7,810,000) | 7,999,900) | 6,772,800) | 6,740,100) | 6,805,600) | ||||||
| Profitability Ratio | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net profit margin1 | 30.99% | 25.91% | 22.66% | 23.51% | 20.48% | 18.86% | 17.08% | 15.36% | 15.55% | 22.01% | 20.54% | 21.88% | 20.63% | 19.58% | 20.90% | 19.71% | 21.52% | 22.71% | 23.91% | ||||||
| Benchmarks | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net Profit Margin, Competitors2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| AbbVie Inc. | — | 6.45% | 7.31% | 7.59% | 9.22% | 9.71% | 11.02% | 8.95% | 11.81% | 15.50% | 13.37% | 20.39% | 23.19% | 22.04% | 22.00% | 20.54% | 13.66% | 12.40% | 10.28% | ||||||
| Amgen Inc. | — | 19.75% | 18.10% | 12.77% | 13.58% | 10.60% | 13.35% | 24.96% | 29.52% | 31.52% | 31.77% | 26.42% | 27.88% | 26.73% | 23.42% | 24.25% | 23.03% | 23.80% | 29.60% | ||||||
| Bristol-Myers Squibb Co. | 12.57% | 10.58% | 11.38% | -18.53% | -15.30% | -14.06% | -13.50% | 17.83% | 18.44% | 17.62% | 15.95% | 13.71% | 14.29% | 14.04% | 13.31% | 15.08% | -11.89% | -11.44% | -14.53% | ||||||
| Danaher Corp. | 14.43% | 14.21% | 15.81% | 16.33% | 16.39% | 17.83% | 18.54% | 19.94% | 22.89% | 22.80% | 23.32% | 22.91% | 21.65% | 20.61% | 21.32% | 21.84% | 20.97% | 21.00% | 19.17% | ||||||
| Gilead Sciences Inc. | — | 21.98% | 20.87% | 1.68% | 0.45% | 3.82% | 1.78% | 21.03% | 21.60% | 20.18% | 20.87% | 17.02% | 12.44% | 15.22% | 16.60% | 23.05% | 27.21% | 19.62% | 1.19% | ||||||
| Johnson & Johnson | 27.26% | 25.00% | 24.41% | 15.84% | 16.74% | 43.91% | 44.92% | 41.28% | 39.58% | 14.52% | 13.77% | 18.90% | 19.95% | 19.21% | 20.90% | 22.26% | 19.55% | 19.92% | 17.95% | ||||||
| Merck & Co. Inc. | — | 25.79% | 27.27% | 26.68% | 19.23% | 21.98% | 3.76% | 0.61% | 7.77% | 5.34% | 22.52% | 24.49% | 25.88% | 29.00% | 26.27% | 26.79% | 15.09% | 11.83% | 15.09% | ||||||
| Pfizer Inc. | — | 16.84% | 12.62% | 12.62% | 7.04% | -4.62% | -0.55% | 3.56% | 15.13% | 27.38% | 31.19% | 31.27% | 29.81% | 28.94% | 27.01% | 27.04% | 28.77% | 23.86% | 24.03% | ||||||
| Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc. | 32.13% | 31.37% | 31.94% | 31.07% | 33.61% | 32.04% | 29.45% | 30.14% | 30.47% | 33.93% | 33.81% | 35.64% | 39.17% | 39.97% | 48.06% | 50.25% | 51.65% | 50.11% | 43.53% | ||||||
| Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. | — | 15.23% | 15.18% | 14.77% | 14.48% | 14.69% | 14.20% | 13.99% | 13.68% | 13.14% | 13.75% | 15.47% | 15.92% | 17.37% | 18.49% | 19.70% | 21.93% | 22.47% | 22.08% | ||||||
| Vertex Pharmaceuticals Inc. | — | 31.86% | -8.91% | -4.86% | -4.52% | -4.74% | 39.46% | 36.68% | 35.94% | 35.40% | 35.40% | 37.20% | 37.62% | 38.26% | 30.84% | 30.92% | 30.52% | 29.80% | 43.06% | ||||||
Based on: 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-03-31).
1 Q3 2025 Calculation
Net profit margin = 100
× (Net income (loss)Q3 2025
+ Net income (loss)Q2 2025
+ Net income (loss)Q1 2025
+ Net income (loss)Q4 2024)
÷ (RevenueQ3 2025
+ RevenueQ2 2025
+ RevenueQ1 2025
+ RevenueQ4 2024)
= 100 × (5,582,500 + 5,660,500 + 2,759,300 + 4,409,800)
÷ (17,600,800 + 15,557,700 + 12,728,500 + 13,532,800)
= 30.99%
2 Click competitor name to see calculations.
- Net Income (Loss)
-
The net income demonstrates notable fluctuations across the observed periods. Initially, it remained relatively stable with values around 1.3 million to 1.7 million thousand US dollars in 2021. During 2022, the net income exhibited volatility, with a significant dip to 952,500 thousand US dollars in the second quarter followed by a recovery reaching approximately 1.9 million in the fourth quarter. In 2023, the results included a substantial loss of 57,400 thousand US dollars in the third quarter, but this was quickly offset by a strong rebound in surrounding quarters.
From 2024 onwards, the net income showed a consistent upward trend, peaking dramatically at 5.6 million thousand US dollars in late 2025. This increase reflects significant profitability growth in the latter half of the dataset, suggesting improved operational efficiency or other favorable business conditions.
- Revenue
-
Revenue figures fluctuate but generally show a gradual upward trajectory over the trends examined. The sales volumes started around 6.8 million thousand US dollars in early 2021 and experienced a decline mid-2022. Resurgence followed with sharp revenue increases starting in early 2023, reaching a peak approaching 17.6 million thousand US dollars by the last quarter in 2025.
This pattern indicates variability in sales or market conditions, with strong recovery and growth in later periods. The revenue growth aligns with the increasing net income in the same final periods, reinforcing the notion of improved financial performance and market demand.
- Net Profit Margin
-
The net profit margin exhibits a relatively stable pattern with minor fluctuations through the period, commonly ranging from approximately 15% to 23%. Margins saw a temporary decline in 2021–2023 but began to recover significantly from 2024 onwards. The percentage climbed steadily, surpassing 30% in the final quarter of 2025, highlighting a substantial improvement in profitability relative to revenue.
This increase in margin in the last periods complements the rising net income and revenue, suggesting not only higher sales volumes but also better cost management or enhanced pricing power contributing to stronger financial results.
- Overall Analysis
-
The data indicates a period of volatility and recovery that transitions into substantial growth. After some mid-cycle downturns, both revenue and net income achieved new highs towards the end of the timeline. Net profit margin improvement further indicates enhanced operational efficiency or more effective cost controls.
Collectively, these trends suggest a company that experienced challenges amidst 2021 and 2022 but managed to leverage growth opportunities and efficiency measures to produce robust financial outcomes through 2024 and 2025.
Return on Equity (ROE)
Eli Lilly & Co., ROE calculation (quarterly data)
| Sep 30, 2025 | Jun 30, 2025 | Mar 31, 2025 | Dec 31, 2024 | Sep 30, 2024 | Jun 30, 2024 | Mar 31, 2024 | Dec 31, 2023 | Sep 30, 2023 | Jun 30, 2023 | Mar 31, 2023 | Dec 31, 2022 | Sep 30, 2022 | Jun 30, 2022 | Mar 31, 2022 | Dec 31, 2021 | Sep 30, 2021 | Jun 30, 2021 | Mar 31, 2021 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Selected Financial Data (US$ in thousands) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) | 5,582,500) | 5,660,500) | 2,759,300) | 4,409,800) | 970,300) | 2,967,000) | 2,242,900) | 2,189,700) | (57,400) | 1,763,200) | 1,344,900) | 1,937,700) | 1,451,700) | 952,500) | 1,902,900) | 1,726,100) | 1,110,100) | 1,390,200) | 1,355,300) | ||||||
| Total Eli Lilly and Company shareholders’ equity | 23,793,300) | 18,272,900) | 15,764,800) | 14,192,100) | 14,240,000) | 13,562,000) | 12,812,200) | 10,771,900) | 11,220,400) | 11,063,800) | 11,190,400) | 10,649,800) | 10,070,100) | 8,544,700) | 9,330,800) | 8,979,200) | 7,757,000) | 6,444,400) | 6,898,700) | ||||||
| Profitability Ratio | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ROE1 | 77.38% | 75.52% | 70.45% | 74.62% | 58.78% | 54.14% | 47.91% | 48.65% | 44.46% | 58.73% | 50.82% | 58.64% | 59.91% | 66.61% | 65.69% | 62.16% | 76.99% | 94.20% | 88.31% | ||||||
| Benchmarks | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ROE, Competitors2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| AbbVie Inc. | — | — | 295.42% | 128.66% | 84.91% | 78.77% | 74.85% | 46.94% | 53.86% | 67.50% | 57.14% | 68.60% | 83.83% | 86.24% | 76.64% | 74.91% | 55.60% | 53.01% | 37.63% | ||||||
| Amgen Inc. | — | 89.11% | 95.59% | 69.59% | 56.20% | 52.83% | 74.93% | 107.78% | 98.82% | 117.67% | 148.04% | 178.97% | 187.11% | 271.85% | 624.78% | 87.96% | 68.26% | 69.67% | 75.91% | ||||||
| Bristol-Myers Squibb Co. | 32.55% | 28.96% | 31.16% | -54.78% | -42.34% | -38.44% | -37.28% | 27.27% | 28.57% | 24.91% | 22.97% | 20.37% | 20.44% | 20.30% | 19.79% | 19.46% | -14.52% | -13.80% | -16.54% | ||||||
| Danaher Corp. | 6.86% | 6.52% | 7.40% | 7.87% | 7.59% | 8.42% | 8.24% | 8.91% | 11.29% | 12.30% | 13.47% | 14.39% | 14.40% | 13.63% | 13.93% | 14.24% | 13.54% | 13.12% | 11.76% | ||||||
| Gilead Sciences Inc. | — | 32.08% | 31.13% | 2.48% | 0.69% | 5.77% | 2.77% | 24.81% | 26.33% | 25.92% | 26.59% | 21.62% | 15.82% | 20.44% | 22.66% | 29.55% | 34.44% | 26.20% | 1.59% | ||||||
| Johnson & Johnson | 31.69% | 28.88% | 27.92% | 19.68% | 20.93% | 53.14% | 54.95% | 51.11% | 48.61% | 17.37% | 17.95% | 23.36% | 25.68% | 24.05% | 26.54% | 28.20% | 25.44% | 25.53% | 22.96% | ||||||
| Merck & Co. Inc. | — | 33.49% | 36.07% | 36.96% | 27.30% | 31.52% | 5.71% | 0.97% | 11.17% | 8.04% | 27.82% | 31.57% | 34.32% | 38.34% | 34.68% | 34.17% | 20.10% | 16.73% | 26.08% | ||||||
| Pfizer Inc. | — | 12.12% | 8.73% | 9.11% | 4.61% | -2.96% | -0.33% | 2.38% | 10.81% | 21.68% | 28.77% | 32.79% | 32.14% | 33.61% | 30.29% | 28.47% | 26.28% | 18.86% | 16.23% | ||||||
| Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc. | 14.79% | 14.89% | 15.31% | 15.03% | 15.87% | 15.32% | 14.29% | 15.22% | 16.03% | 17.90% | 17.80% | 19.14% | 25.05% | 27.49% | 39.84% | 43.03% | 40.53% | 41.02% | 33.43% | ||||||
| Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. | — | 13.03% | 13.19% | 12.78% | 12.52% | 13.12% | 13.26% | 12.83% | 13.11% | 13.08% | 14.26% | 15.80% | 16.15% | 17.59% | 18.56% | 18.94% | 22.13% | 23.32% | 22.60% | ||||||
| Vertex Pharmaceuticals Inc. | — | 21.18% | -5.99% | -3.26% | -3.07% | -3.32% | 21.67% | 20.59% | 21.01% | 21.75% | 22.59% | 23.88% | 25.12% | 26.77% | 22.47% | 23.19% | 22.83% | 21.66% | 30.76% | ||||||
Based on: 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-03-31).
1 Q3 2025 Calculation
ROE = 100
× (Net income (loss)Q3 2025
+ Net income (loss)Q2 2025
+ Net income (loss)Q1 2025
+ Net income (loss)Q4 2024)
÷ Total Eli Lilly and Company shareholders’ equity
= 100 × (5,582,500 + 5,660,500 + 2,759,300 + 4,409,800)
÷ 23,793,300 = 77.38%
2 Click competitor name to see calculations.
The quarterly financial performance exhibits notable fluctuations in net income alongside a generally increasing trend in shareholders' equity. The return on equity (ROE) displays variability, reflecting changes in profitability relative to equity.
- Net Income (Loss)
- Over the examined periods, net income displays considerable volatility. The initial quarters show strong earnings exceeding one million thousand US dollars, with a peak near 1.93 million in late 2021. However, mid-2022 experiences a decrease to approximately 952 thousand, followed by a rebound exceeding 2.18 million by the end of 2023. Subsequent quarters demonstrate larger fluctuations, including a significant loss recorded in the third quarter of 2023. From early 2024 onwards, net income recovers robustly, reaching above 5.5 million by the latter quarters of 2025, indicating substantial earnings growth and recovery after the mid-term dip.
- Total Shareholders’ Equity
- Shareholders’ equity shows a consistent upward trajectory across the analyzed timeframe. Starting at roughly 6.9 million, equity experienced some fluctuations but generally rose steadily, crossing 13.5 million by mid-2024. The trend accelerates notably in the latter periods, culminating at nearly 23.8 million by the last quarter of 2025. This sustained increase suggests reinvestment of earnings, equity issuance, or valuation gains strengthening the company’s capital base.
- Return on Equity (ROE)
- The ROE varies significantly, initially exhibiting very high levels above 80%, with a peak approaching 94% in mid-2021. Subsequently, there is a gradual decline and stabilization around the 50-60% range through late 2022 and 2023, indicating moderated profitability relative to equity. In 2024 and beyond, ROE recovers and fluctuates between approximately 47% and 77%, showing improved efficiency in generating returns on shareholders’ equity. These levels remain relatively elevated compared to typical industry standards, highlighting strong profitability and operational effectiveness.
In summary, the company demonstrates a pattern of strong profitability with periods of volatility in net income, particularly an anomalous losing quarter in late 2023. The continuous growth in shareholders’ equity reflects financial strengthening over time. ROE levels, while oscillating, remain high, underscoring sustained effective use of equity to generate profit despite fluctuations in absolute net income amounts.
Return on Assets (ROA)
Eli Lilly & Co., ROA calculation (quarterly data)
| Sep 30, 2025 | Jun 30, 2025 | Mar 31, 2025 | Dec 31, 2024 | Sep 30, 2024 | Jun 30, 2024 | Mar 31, 2024 | Dec 31, 2023 | Sep 30, 2023 | Jun 30, 2023 | Mar 31, 2023 | Dec 31, 2022 | Sep 30, 2022 | Jun 30, 2022 | Mar 31, 2022 | Dec 31, 2021 | Sep 30, 2021 | Jun 30, 2021 | Mar 31, 2021 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Selected Financial Data (US$ in thousands) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) | 5,582,500) | 5,660,500) | 2,759,300) | 4,409,800) | 970,300) | 2,967,000) | 2,242,900) | 2,189,700) | (57,400) | 1,763,200) | 1,344,900) | 1,937,700) | 1,451,700) | 952,500) | 1,902,900) | 1,726,100) | 1,110,100) | 1,390,200) | 1,355,300) | ||||||
| Total assets | 114,935,400) | 100,922,600) | 89,388,800) | 78,714,900) | 75,606,900) | 71,874,800) | 63,943,500) | 64,006,300) | 57,915,500) | 54,814,000) | 53,163,000) | 49,489,800) | 47,461,500) | 47,063,600) | 46,919,300) | 48,806,000) | 48,187,000) | 47,809,000) | 46,838,300) | ||||||
| Profitability Ratio | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ROA1 | 16.02% | 13.67% | 12.42% | 13.45% | 11.07% | 10.22% | 9.60% | 8.19% | 8.61% | 11.85% | 10.70% | 12.62% | 12.71% | 12.09% | 13.06% | 11.44% | 12.39% | 12.70% | 13.01% | ||||||
| Benchmarks | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ROA, Competitors2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| AbbVie Inc. | — | 2.74% | 3.08% | 3.17% | 3.57% | 3.76% | 4.03% | 3.61% | 4.78% | 6.42% | 5.64% | 8.53% | 9.49% | 8.83% | 8.71% | 7.88% | 5.06% | 4.50% | 3.43% | ||||||
| Amgen Inc. | — | 7.53% | 6.64% | 4.45% | 4.65% | 3.44% | 4.05% | 6.91% | 8.36% | 8.84% | 8.92% | 10.06% | 10.73% | 11.09% | 9.67% | 9.63% | 8.63% | 9.61% | 11.33% | ||||||
| Bristol-Myers Squibb Co. | 6.23% | 5.33% | 5.86% | -9.66% | -7.75% | -6.91% | -6.21% | 8.43% | 9.08% | 8.52% | 7.75% | 6.53% | 6.80% | 6.59% | 6.07% | 6.40% | -4.87% | -4.58% | -5.53% | ||||||
| Danaher Corp. | 4.38% | 4.18% | 4.76% | 5.03% | 4.83% | 5.35% | 5.28% | 5.64% | 6.74% | 7.49% | 8.15% | 8.55% | 8.35% | 7.76% | 7.74% | 7.73% | 7.13% | 7.19% | 6.30% | ||||||
| Gilead Sciences Inc. | — | 11.33% | 10.57% | 0.81% | 0.23% | 1.97% | 0.86% | 9.12% | 9.42% | 8.80% | 9.02% | 7.27% | 5.33% | 6.58% | 7.16% | 9.16% | 11.02% | 7.59% | 0.45% | ||||||
| Johnson & Johnson | 13.03% | 11.72% | 11.26% | 7.81% | 8.24% | 20.99% | 22.37% | 20.98% | 20.85% | 6.81% | 6.49% | 9.57% | 10.94% | 10.33% | 11.12% | 11.47% | 9.98% | 10.07% | 8.76% | ||||||
| Merck & Co. Inc. | — | 13.96% | 15.14% | 14.62% | 10.34% | 12.20% | 2.18% | 0.34% | 4.32% | 2.98% | 12.09% | 13.30% | 14.25% | 15.48% | 13.29% | 12.35% | 7.70% | 6.14% | 7.73% | ||||||
| Pfizer Inc. | — | 5.22% | 3.79% | 3.76% | 1.94% | -1.20% | -0.14% | 0.94% | 4.87% | 9.75% | 14.85% | 15.91% | 15.32% | 15.01% | 13.58% | 12.11% | 11.10% | 7.78% | 7.01% | ||||||
| Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc. | 11.40% | 11.67% | 11.98% | 11.69% | 12.43% | 11.98% | 11.22% | 11.95% | 12.41% | 14.02% | 13.91% | 14.85% | 19.40% | 20.90% | 30.11% | 31.75% | 29.55% | 28.88% | 22.53% | ||||||
| Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. | — | 6.50% | 6.58% | 6.51% | 6.11% | 6.32% | 6.21% | 6.07% | 6.12% | 6.08% | 6.36% | 7.15% | 7.77% | 8.21% | 8.20% | 8.12% | 11.64% | 12.70% | 12.02% | ||||||
| Vertex Pharmaceuticals Inc. | — | 15.13% | -4.32% | -2.38% | -2.16% | -2.43% | 16.81% | 15.92% | 15.97% | 16.54% | 17.18% | 18.30% | 19.59% | 20.50% | 17.19% | 17.44% | 17.25% | 16.30% | 22.80% | ||||||
Based on: 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-03-31).
1 Q3 2025 Calculation
ROA = 100
× (Net income (loss)Q3 2025
+ Net income (loss)Q2 2025
+ Net income (loss)Q1 2025
+ Net income (loss)Q4 2024)
÷ Total assets
= 100 × (5,582,500 + 5,660,500 + 2,759,300 + 4,409,800)
÷ 114,935,400 = 16.02%
2 Click competitor name to see calculations.
- Net Income Trends
- Over the analyzed periods, net income exhibited notable fluctuations. Initially, from early 2021 through 2022, net income figures showed variability with peaks and troughs, including a significant decline in mid-2022. Beginning in late 2022 and through 2024, net income generally displayed an upward trend, reaching higher levels by the end of 2024. However, a substantial spike was observed in late 2024 and into 2025 with net income exceeding previous highs considerably. Despite some volatility, the overall trajectory indicates growth in net income toward the end of the timeframe.
- Total Assets Development
- Total assets generally increased steadily across the observed quarters. Starting from roughly 46.8 billion in early 2021, assets rose consistently to surpass 114 billion by the end of the latest period in 2025. This steady asset growth reflects continuous expansion or accumulation of resources. The rise did not experience marked declines or regressions, highlighting a stable and progressive asset base.
- Return on Assets (ROA) Dynamics
- ROA values began relatively strong in 2021, with percentages above 12% for much of this period. There was a decline in ROA by late 2021 to early 2023, dropping below 9% at some points, indicating reduced efficiency in asset utilization during that interval. Subsequently, ROA recovered beginning in mid-2023, with a noticeable upward trend extending into 2025, reaching a peak above 16%. This improvement in ROA suggests enhanced profitability and more effective use of the company's assets in recent periods.
- Overall Observations
- The financial performance reveals an overall positive trajectory in net income and asset growth, with some intermediate volatility in profitability metrics. The recovery and subsequent improvement in ROA after a dip imply stronger operational efficiency and asset management effectiveness over time. The significant jump in net income in later periods, combined with ongoing asset accumulation, may reflect successful strategic initiatives or favorable market conditions contributing to improved financial outcomes.