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Analysis of Solvency Ratios
Beginner level
Solvency ratios also known as long-term debt ratios measure a company’s ability to meet long-term obligations.
Solvency Ratios (Summary)
Alphabet Inc., solvency ratios
Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2020-02-04), 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-05), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-06), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-03), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-11).
| Solvency ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| Debt to equity ratio | A solvency ratio calculated as total debt divided by total shareholders’ equity. | Alphabet Inc.’s debt to equity ratio improved from 2017 to 2018 but then slightly deteriorated from 2018 to 2019. |
| Debt to equity ratio (including operating lease liability) | A solvency ratio calculated as total debt (including operating lease liability) divided by total shareholders’ equity. | Alphabet Inc.’s debt to equity ratio (including operating lease liability) improved from 2017 to 2018 but then deteriorated significantly from 2018 to 2019. |
| Debt to capital ratio | A solvency ratio calculated as total debt divided by total debt plus shareholders’ equity. | Alphabet Inc.’s debt to capital ratio improved from 2017 to 2018 but then slightly deteriorated from 2018 to 2019. |
| Debt to capital ratio (including operating lease liability) | A solvency ratio calculated as total debt (including operating lease liability) divided by total debt (including operating lease liability) plus shareholders’ equity. | Alphabet Inc.’s debt to capital ratio (including operating lease liability) improved from 2017 to 2018 but then deteriorated significantly from 2018 to 2019. |
| Debt to assets ratio | A solvency ratio calculated as total debt divided by total assets. | Alphabet Inc.’s debt to assets ratio improved from 2017 to 2018 and from 2018 to 2019. |
| Debt to assets ratio (including operating lease liability) | A solvency ratio calculated as total debt (including operating lease liability) divided by total assets. | Alphabet Inc.’s debt to assets ratio (including operating lease liability) improved from 2017 to 2018 but then deteriorated significantly from 2018 to 2019. |
| Financial leverage ratio | A solvency ratio calculated as total assets divided by total shareholders’ equity. | Alphabet Inc.’s financial leverage ratio increased from 2017 to 2018 and from 2018 to 2019. |
| Solvency ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| Interest coverage ratio | A solvency ratio calculated as EBIT divided by interest payments. | Alphabet Inc.’s interest coverage ratio improved from 2017 to 2018 and from 2018 to 2019. |
| Fixed charge coverage ratio | A solvency ratio calculated as earnings before fixed charges and tax divided by fixed charges. | Alphabet Inc.’s fixed charge coverage ratio improved from 2017 to 2018 but then deteriorated significantly from 2018 to 2019. |
Debt to Equity
Alphabet Inc., debt to equity calculation, comparison to benchmarks
| Dec 31, 2019 | Dec 31, 2018 | Dec 31, 2017 | Dec 31, 2016 | Dec 31, 2015 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions) | ||||||
| Short-term debt | ||||||
| Long-term debt, excluding short-term portion | ||||||
| Total debt | ||||||
| Stockholders’ equity | ||||||
| Solvency Ratio | ||||||
| Debt to equity1 | ||||||
| Benchmarks | ||||||
| Debt to Equity, Competitors2 | ||||||
| Adobe Inc. | ||||||
| Autodesk Inc. | ||||||
| Facebook Inc. | ||||||
| International Business Machines Corp. | ||||||
| Intuit Inc. | ||||||
| Microsoft Corp. | ||||||
| Oracle Corp. | ||||||
| salesforce.com inc. | ||||||
| ServiceNow Inc. | ||||||
| Debt to Equity, Sector | ||||||
| Software & Computer Services | ||||||
| Debt to Equity, Industry | ||||||
| Technology | ||||||
Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2020-02-04), 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-05), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-06), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-03), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-11).
1 2019 Calculation
Debt to equity = Total debt ÷ Stockholders’ equity
= ÷ =
2 Click competitor name to see calculations.
| Solvency ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| Debt to equity ratio | A solvency ratio calculated as total debt divided by total shareholders’ equity. | Alphabet Inc.’s debt to equity ratio improved from 2017 to 2018 but then slightly deteriorated from 2018 to 2019. |
Debt to Equity (including Operating Lease Liability)
Alphabet Inc., debt to equity (including operating lease liability) calculation, comparison to benchmarks
| Dec 31, 2019 | Dec 31, 2018 | Dec 31, 2017 | Dec 31, 2016 | Dec 31, 2015 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions) | ||||||
| Short-term debt | ||||||
| Long-term debt, excluding short-term portion | ||||||
| Total debt | ||||||
| Current operating lease liabilities | ||||||
| Long-term operating lease liabilities | ||||||
| Total debt (including operating lease liability) | ||||||
| Stockholders’ equity | ||||||
| Solvency Ratio | ||||||
| Debt to equity (including operating lease liability)1 | ||||||
| Benchmarks | ||||||
| Debt to Equity (including Operating Lease Liability), Competitors2 | ||||||
| Autodesk Inc. | ||||||
| Facebook Inc. | ||||||
| International Business Machines Corp. | ||||||
| Microsoft Corp. | ||||||
| Oracle Corp. | ||||||
| salesforce.com inc. | ||||||
| ServiceNow Inc. | ||||||
| Debt to Equity (including Operating Lease Liability), Sector | ||||||
| Software & Computer Services | ||||||
| Debt to Equity (including Operating Lease Liability), Industry | ||||||
| Technology | ||||||
Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2020-02-04), 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-05), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-06), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-03), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-11).
1 2019 Calculation
Debt to equity (including operating lease liability) = Total debt (including operating lease liability) ÷ Stockholders’ equity
= ÷ =
2 Click competitor name to see calculations.
| Solvency ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| Debt to equity ratio (including operating lease liability) | A solvency ratio calculated as total debt (including operating lease liability) divided by total shareholders’ equity. | Alphabet Inc.’s debt to equity ratio (including operating lease liability) improved from 2017 to 2018 but then deteriorated significantly from 2018 to 2019. |
Debt to Capital
Alphabet Inc., debt to capital calculation, comparison to benchmarks
| Dec 31, 2019 | Dec 31, 2018 | Dec 31, 2017 | Dec 31, 2016 | Dec 31, 2015 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions) | ||||||
| Short-term debt | ||||||
| Long-term debt, excluding short-term portion | ||||||
| Total debt | ||||||
| Stockholders’ equity | ||||||
| Total capital | ||||||
| Solvency Ratio | ||||||
| Debt to capital1 | ||||||
| Benchmarks | ||||||
| Debt to Capital, Competitors2 | ||||||
| Adobe Inc. | ||||||
| Autodesk Inc. | ||||||
| Facebook Inc. | ||||||
| International Business Machines Corp. | ||||||
| Intuit Inc. | ||||||
| Microsoft Corp. | ||||||
| Oracle Corp. | ||||||
| salesforce.com inc. | ||||||
| ServiceNow Inc. | ||||||
| Debt to Capital, Sector | ||||||
| Software & Computer Services | ||||||
| Debt to Capital, Industry | ||||||
| Technology | ||||||
Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2020-02-04), 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-05), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-06), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-03), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-11).
1 2019 Calculation
Debt to capital = Total debt ÷ Total capital
= ÷ =
2 Click competitor name to see calculations.
| Solvency ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| Debt to capital ratio | A solvency ratio calculated as total debt divided by total debt plus shareholders’ equity. | Alphabet Inc.’s debt to capital ratio improved from 2017 to 2018 but then slightly deteriorated from 2018 to 2019. |
Debt to Capital (including Operating Lease Liability)
Alphabet Inc., debt to capital (including operating lease liability) calculation, comparison to benchmarks
| Dec 31, 2019 | Dec 31, 2018 | Dec 31, 2017 | Dec 31, 2016 | Dec 31, 2015 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions) | ||||||
| Short-term debt | ||||||
| Long-term debt, excluding short-term portion | ||||||
| Total debt | ||||||
| Current operating lease liabilities | ||||||
| Long-term operating lease liabilities | ||||||
| Total debt (including operating lease liability) | ||||||
| Stockholders’ equity | ||||||
| Total capital (including operating lease liability) | ||||||
| Solvency Ratio | ||||||
| Debt to capital (including operating lease liability)1 | ||||||
| Benchmarks | ||||||
| Debt to Capital (including Operating Lease Liability), Competitors2 | ||||||
| Autodesk Inc. | ||||||
| Facebook Inc. | ||||||
| International Business Machines Corp. | ||||||
| Microsoft Corp. | ||||||
| Oracle Corp. | ||||||
| salesforce.com inc. | ||||||
| ServiceNow Inc. | ||||||
| Debt to Capital (including Operating Lease Liability), Sector | ||||||
| Software & Computer Services | ||||||
| Debt to Capital (including Operating Lease Liability), Industry | ||||||
| Technology | ||||||
Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2020-02-04), 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-05), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-06), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-03), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-11).
1 2019 Calculation
Debt to capital (including operating lease liability) = Total debt (including operating lease liability) ÷ Total capital (including operating lease liability)
= ÷ =
2 Click competitor name to see calculations.
| Solvency ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| Debt to capital ratio (including operating lease liability) | A solvency ratio calculated as total debt (including operating lease liability) divided by total debt (including operating lease liability) plus shareholders’ equity. | Alphabet Inc.’s debt to capital ratio (including operating lease liability) improved from 2017 to 2018 but then deteriorated significantly from 2018 to 2019. |
Debt to Assets
Alphabet Inc., debt to assets calculation, comparison to benchmarks
| Dec 31, 2019 | Dec 31, 2018 | Dec 31, 2017 | Dec 31, 2016 | Dec 31, 2015 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions) | ||||||
| Short-term debt | ||||||
| Long-term debt, excluding short-term portion | ||||||
| Total debt | ||||||
| Total assets | ||||||
| Solvency Ratio | ||||||
| Debt to assets1 | ||||||
| Benchmarks | ||||||
| Debt to Assets, Competitors2 | ||||||
| Adobe Inc. | ||||||
| Autodesk Inc. | ||||||
| Facebook Inc. | ||||||
| International Business Machines Corp. | ||||||
| Intuit Inc. | ||||||
| Microsoft Corp. | ||||||
| Oracle Corp. | ||||||
| salesforce.com inc. | ||||||
| ServiceNow Inc. | ||||||
| Debt to Assets, Sector | ||||||
| Software & Computer Services | ||||||
| Debt to Assets, Industry | ||||||
| Technology | ||||||
Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2020-02-04), 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-05), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-06), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-03), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-11).
1 2019 Calculation
Debt to assets = Total debt ÷ Total assets
= ÷ =
2 Click competitor name to see calculations.
| Solvency ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| Debt to assets ratio | A solvency ratio calculated as total debt divided by total assets. | Alphabet Inc.’s debt to assets ratio improved from 2017 to 2018 and from 2018 to 2019. |
Debt to Assets (including Operating Lease Liability)
Alphabet Inc., debt to assets (including operating lease liability) calculation, comparison to benchmarks
| Dec 31, 2019 | Dec 31, 2018 | Dec 31, 2017 | Dec 31, 2016 | Dec 31, 2015 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions) | ||||||
| Short-term debt | ||||||
| Long-term debt, excluding short-term portion | ||||||
| Total debt | ||||||
| Current operating lease liabilities | ||||||
| Long-term operating lease liabilities | ||||||
| Total debt (including operating lease liability) | ||||||
| Total assets | ||||||
| Solvency Ratio | ||||||
| Debt to assets (including operating lease liability)1 | ||||||
| Benchmarks | ||||||
| Debt to Assets (including Operating Lease Liability), Competitors2 | ||||||
| Autodesk Inc. | ||||||
| Facebook Inc. | ||||||
| International Business Machines Corp. | ||||||
| Microsoft Corp. | ||||||
| Oracle Corp. | ||||||
| salesforce.com inc. | ||||||
| ServiceNow Inc. | ||||||
| Debt to Assets (including Operating Lease Liability), Sector | ||||||
| Software & Computer Services | ||||||
| Debt to Assets (including Operating Lease Liability), Industry | ||||||
| Technology | ||||||
Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2020-02-04), 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-05), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-06), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-03), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-11).
1 2019 Calculation
Debt to assets (including operating lease liability) = Total debt (including operating lease liability) ÷ Total assets
= ÷ =
2 Click competitor name to see calculations.
| Solvency ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| Debt to assets ratio (including operating lease liability) | A solvency ratio calculated as total debt (including operating lease liability) divided by total assets. | Alphabet Inc.’s debt to assets ratio (including operating lease liability) improved from 2017 to 2018 but then deteriorated significantly from 2018 to 2019. |
Financial Leverage
Alphabet Inc., financial leverage calculation, comparison to benchmarks
| Dec 31, 2019 | Dec 31, 2018 | Dec 31, 2017 | Dec 31, 2016 | Dec 31, 2015 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions) | ||||||
| Total assets | ||||||
| Stockholders’ equity | ||||||
| Solvency Ratio | ||||||
| Financial leverage1 | ||||||
| Benchmarks | ||||||
| Financial Leverage, Competitors2 | ||||||
| Adobe Inc. | ||||||
| Autodesk Inc. | ||||||
| Facebook Inc. | ||||||
| International Business Machines Corp. | ||||||
| Intuit Inc. | ||||||
| Microsoft Corp. | ||||||
| Oracle Corp. | ||||||
| salesforce.com inc. | ||||||
| ServiceNow Inc. | ||||||
| Financial Leverage, Sector | ||||||
| Software & Computer Services | ||||||
| Financial Leverage, Industry | ||||||
| Technology | ||||||
Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2020-02-04), 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-05), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-06), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-03), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-11).
1 2019 Calculation
Financial leverage = Total assets ÷ Stockholders’ equity
= ÷ =
2 Click competitor name to see calculations.
| Solvency ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| Financial leverage ratio | A solvency ratio calculated as total assets divided by total shareholders’ equity. | Alphabet Inc.’s financial leverage ratio increased from 2017 to 2018 and from 2018 to 2019. |
Interest Coverage
Alphabet Inc., interest coverage calculation, comparison to benchmarks
| Dec 31, 2019 | Dec 31, 2018 | Dec 31, 2017 | Dec 31, 2016 | Dec 31, 2015 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions) | ||||||
| Net income | ||||||
| Add: Income tax expense | ||||||
| Add: Interest expense | ||||||
| Earnings before interest and tax (EBIT) | ||||||
| Solvency Ratio | ||||||
| Interest coverage1 | ||||||
| Benchmarks | ||||||
| Interest Coverage, Competitors2 | ||||||
| Adobe Inc. | ||||||
| Autodesk Inc. | ||||||
| Facebook Inc. | ||||||
| International Business Machines Corp. | ||||||
| Intuit Inc. | ||||||
| Microsoft Corp. | ||||||
| Oracle Corp. | ||||||
| salesforce.com inc. | ||||||
| ServiceNow Inc. | ||||||
| Interest Coverage, Sector | ||||||
| Software & Computer Services | ||||||
| Interest Coverage, Industry | ||||||
| Technology | ||||||
Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2020-02-04), 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-05), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-06), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-03), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-11).
1 2019 Calculation
Interest coverage = EBIT ÷ Interest expense
= ÷ =
2 Click competitor name to see calculations.
| Solvency ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| Interest coverage ratio | A solvency ratio calculated as EBIT divided by interest payments. | Alphabet Inc.’s interest coverage ratio improved from 2017 to 2018 and from 2018 to 2019. |
Fixed Charge Coverage
Alphabet Inc., fixed charge coverage calculation, comparison to benchmarks
| Dec 31, 2019 | Dec 31, 2018 | Dec 31, 2017 | Dec 31, 2016 | Dec 31, 2015 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| U.S. federal statutory tax rate | ||||||
| Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions) | ||||||
| Net income | ||||||
| Add: Income tax expense | ||||||
| Add: Interest expense | ||||||
| Earnings before interest and tax (EBIT) | ||||||
| Add: Operating lease cost | ||||||
| Earnings before fixed charges and tax | ||||||
| Interest expense | ||||||
| Operating lease cost | ||||||
| Adjustment Payment to Class C capital stockholders | ||||||
| Adjustment Payment to Class C capital stockholders, tax adjustment1 | ||||||
| Adjustment Payment to Class C capital stockholders, after tax adjustment | ||||||
| Fixed charges | ||||||
| Solvency Ratio | ||||||
| Fixed charge coverage2 | ||||||
| Benchmarks | ||||||
| Fixed Charge Coverage, Competitors3 | ||||||
| Adobe Inc. | ||||||
| Autodesk Inc. | ||||||
| Facebook Inc. | ||||||
| International Business Machines Corp. | ||||||
| Intuit Inc. | ||||||
| Microsoft Corp. | ||||||
| Oracle Corp. | ||||||
| salesforce.com inc. | ||||||
| ServiceNow Inc. | ||||||
| Fixed Charge Coverage, Sector | ||||||
| Software & Computer Services | ||||||
| Fixed Charge Coverage, Industry | ||||||
| Technology | ||||||
Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2020-02-04), 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-05), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-06), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-03), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-11).
1 2019 Calculation
Adjustment Payment to Class C capital stockholders, tax adjustment = (Adjustment Payment to Class C capital stockholders × U.S. federal statutory tax rate) ÷ (1 − U.S. federal statutory tax rate)
= ( × ) ÷ (1 − ) =
2 2019 Calculation
Fixed charge coverage = Earnings before fixed charges and tax ÷ Fixed charges
= ÷ =
3 Click competitor name to see calculations.
| Solvency ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| Fixed charge coverage ratio | A solvency ratio calculated as earnings before fixed charges and tax divided by fixed charges. | Alphabet Inc.’s fixed charge coverage ratio improved from 2017 to 2018 but then deteriorated significantly from 2018 to 2019. |