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Alphabet Inc. (GOOG)
Analysis of Goodwill and Intangible Assets
Advanced level
- Accounting Policy on Goodwill and Intangible Assets
- Goodwill and Intangible Asset Disclosure
- Adjustments to Financial Statements: Removal of Goodwill
- Adjusted Financial Ratios: Removal of Goodwill (Summary)
- Adjusted Total Asset Turnover
- Adjusted Financial Leverage
- Adjusted Return on Equity (ROE)
- Adjusted Return on Assets (ROA)
Accounting Policy on Goodwill and Intangible Assets
Long-Lived Assets, Goodwill and Other Acquired Intangible Assets
Alphabet reviews property and equipment, long-term prepayments and intangible assets, excluding goodwill, for impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying amount may not be recoverable. Alphabet measures recoverability of these assets by comparing the carrying amounts to the future undiscounted cash flows that the assets or the asset group are expected to generate. If the carrying value of the assets are not recoverable, the impairment recognized is measured as the amount by which the carrying value of the asset exceeds its fair value. Impairments were not material for the periods presented.
Alphabet allocates goodwill to reporting units based on the expected benefit from the business combination. Alphabet evaluates the reporting units when changes in the operating structure occur, and if necessary, reassign goodwill using a relative fair value allocation approach. Alphabet tests the goodwill for impairment at least annually, or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the asset may be impaired. Goodwill impairments were not material for the periods presented.
Intangible assets with definite lives are amortized over their estimated useful lives. Alphabet amortizes intangible assets on a straight-line basis with definite lives over periods ranging from one to twelve years.
Source: 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-05).
Goodwill and Intangible Asset Disclosure
Alphabet Inc., balance sheet: goodwill and intangible assets
US$ in millions
Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-05), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-06), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-03), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-11), 10-K (filing date: 2015-02-09).
| Item | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| Purchased intangible assets, net carrying value | Sum of the carrying amounts of all intangible assets, excluding goodwill, as of the balance sheet date, net of accumulated amortization and impairment charges. | Alphabet Inc.’s purchased intangible assets, net carrying value decreased from 2016 to 2017 and from 2017 to 2018. |
| Goodwill | Amount after accumulated impairment loss of an asset representing future economic benefits arising from other assets acquired in a business combination that are not individually identified and separately recognized. | Alphabet Inc.’s goodwill increased from 2016 to 2017 and from 2017 to 2018. |
| Goodwill and other intangible assets | Sum of the carrying amounts of all intangible assets, including goodwill, as of the balance sheet date, net of accumulated amortization and impairment charges. | Alphabet Inc.’s goodwill and other intangible assets decreased from 2016 to 2017 but then increased from 2017 to 2018 exceeding 2016 level. |
Adjustments to Financial Statements: Removal of Goodwill
Alphabet Inc., adjustments to financial statements
US$ in millions
Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-05), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-06), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-03), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-11), 10-K (filing date: 2015-02-09).
Alphabet Inc., Financial Data: Reported vs. Adjusted
Adjusted Financial Ratios: Removal of Goodwill (Summary)
Alphabet Inc., adjusted financial ratios
Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-05), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-06), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-03), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-11), 10-K (filing date: 2015-02-09).
| Financial ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| Adjusted total asset turnover | An activity ratio calculated as total revenue divided by adjusted total assets. | Alphabet Inc.’s adjusted total asset turnover ratio improved from 2016 to 2017 and from 2017 to 2018. |
| Adjusted financial leverage | A measure of financial leverage calculated as adjusted total assets divided by adjusted total equity. Financial leverage is the extent to which a company can effect, through the use of debt, a proportional change in the return on common equity that is greater than a given proportional change in operating income. |
Alphabet Inc.’s adjusted financial leverage ratio increased from 2016 to 2017 and from 2017 to 2018. |
| Adjusted ROE | A profitability ratio calculated as net income divided by adjusted shareholders’ equity. | Alphabet Inc.’s adjusted ROE deteriorated from 2016 to 2017 but then improved from 2017 to 2018 exceeding 2016 level. |
| Adjusted ROA | A profitability ratio calculated as net income divided by adjusted total assets. | Alphabet Inc.’s adjusted ROA deteriorated from 2016 to 2017 but then improved from 2017 to 2018 exceeding 2016 level. |
Alphabet Inc., Financial Ratios: Reported vs. Adjusted
Adjusted Total Asset Turnover
Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-05), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-06), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-03), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-11), 10-K (filing date: 2015-02-09).
2018 Calculations
1 Total asset turnover = Revenues ÷ Total assets
= ÷ =
2 Adjusted total asset turnover = Revenues ÷ Adjusted total assets
= ÷ =
| Activity ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| Adjusted total asset turnover | An activity ratio calculated as total revenue divided by adjusted total assets. | Alphabet Inc.’s adjusted total asset turnover ratio improved from 2016 to 2017 and from 2017 to 2018. |
Adjusted Financial Leverage
Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-05), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-06), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-03), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-11), 10-K (filing date: 2015-02-09).
2018 Calculations
1 Financial leverage = Total assets ÷ Stockholders’ equity
= ÷ =
2 Adjusted financial leverage = Adjusted total assets ÷ Adjusted stockholders’ equity
= ÷ =
| Solvency ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| Adjusted financial leverage | A measure of financial leverage calculated as adjusted total assets divided by adjusted total equity. Financial leverage is the extent to which a company can effect, through the use of debt, a proportional change in the return on common equity that is greater than a given proportional change in operating income. |
Alphabet Inc.’s adjusted financial leverage ratio increased from 2016 to 2017 and from 2017 to 2018. |
Adjusted Return on Equity (ROE)
Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-05), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-06), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-03), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-11), 10-K (filing date: 2015-02-09).
2018 Calculations
1 ROE = 100 × Net income ÷ Stockholders’ equity
= 100 × ÷ =
2 Adjusted ROE = 100 × Net income ÷ Adjusted stockholders’ equity
= 100 × ÷ =
| Profitability ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| Adjusted ROE | A profitability ratio calculated as net income divided by adjusted shareholders’ equity. | Alphabet Inc.’s adjusted ROE deteriorated from 2016 to 2017 but then improved from 2017 to 2018 exceeding 2016 level. |
Adjusted Return on Assets (ROA)
Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-05), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-06), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-03), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-11), 10-K (filing date: 2015-02-09).
2018 Calculations
1 ROA = 100 × Net income ÷ Total assets
= 100 × ÷ =
2 Adjusted ROA = 100 × Net income ÷ Adjusted total assets
= 100 × ÷ =
| Profitability ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| Adjusted ROA | A profitability ratio calculated as net income divided by adjusted total assets. | Alphabet Inc.’s adjusted ROA deteriorated from 2016 to 2017 but then improved from 2017 to 2018 exceeding 2016 level. |