Market Value Added (MVA)
Market value added (MVA) is the difference between a firm fair value and its invested capital. MVA is a measure of the value a company has created in excess of the resources already committed to the enterprise.
MVA
PayPal Holdings Inc., MVA calculation
US$ in millions
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2018-12-31).
1 Fair value of debt. See details »
2 Invested capital. See details »
| Item | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| MVA | PayPal Holdings Inc. market (fair) value less invested capital. | PayPal Holdings Inc. MVA decreased from 2020 to 2021 and from 2021 to 2022. |
MVA Spread Ratio
PayPal Holdings Inc., MVA spread ratio calculation, comparison to benchmarks
| Dec 31, 2022 | Dec 31, 2021 | Dec 31, 2020 | Dec 31, 2019 | Dec 31, 2018 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions) | ||||||
| Market value added (MVA)1 | 70,630) | 123,653) | 295,832) | 123,901) | 91,390) | |
| Invested capital2 | 31,496) | 31,317) | 30,260) | 22,276) | 17,780) | |
| Performance Ratio | ||||||
| MVA spread ratio3 | 224.25% | 394.84% | 977.63% | 556.21% | 514.02% | |
| Benchmarks | ||||||
| MVA Spread Ratio, Competitors4 | ||||||
| Accenture PLC | 442.58% | 739.74% | 550.21% | 505.40% | 481.52% | |
| Adobe Inc. | 658.07% | 1,033.13% | 1,082.99% | 884.94% | 680.30% | |
| International Business Machines Corp. | 60.20% | 54.96% | 39.12% | 47.78% | — | |
| Intuit Inc. | 406.80% | 1,175.12% | 976.09% | 1,553.30% | 1,330.67% | |
| Microsoft Corp. | 956.02% | 1,383.21% | 1,315.93% | 962.41% | 863.13% | |
| Oracle Corp. | 224.95% | 260.27% | 180.84% | 220.64% | 167.48% | |
| Palo Alto Networks Inc. | 559.27% | 573.47% | 267.90% | 424.76% | 461.39% | |
| Salesforce Inc. | 150.31% | 270.75% | 226.93% | 326.41% | — | |
| ServiceNow Inc. | 1,276.80% | 1,798.18% | 2,575.52% | 2,192.76% | — | |
| Synopsys Inc. | 565.55% | 707.79% | 468.10% | 272.11% | 150.54% | |
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2018-12-31).
1 MVA. See details »
2 Invested capital. See details »
3 2022 Calculation
MVA spread ratio = 100 × MVA ÷ Invested capital
= 100 × 70,630 ÷ 31,496 = 224.25%
4 Click competitor name to see calculations.
| Performance ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| MVA spread ratio | The ratio of MVA to invested capital. It measures the efficiency with which investors’ capital investment has translated into a franchise value and into an aggregate net present value premium. | PayPal Holdings Inc. MVA spread ratio deteriorated from 2020 to 2021 and from 2021 to 2022. |
MVA Margin
PayPal Holdings Inc., MVA margin calculation, comparison to benchmarks
| Dec 31, 2022 | Dec 31, 2021 | Dec 31, 2020 | Dec 31, 2019 | Dec 31, 2018 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions) | ||||||
| Market value added (MVA)1 | 70,630) | 123,653) | 295,832) | 123,901) | 91,390) | |
| Net revenues | 27,518) | 25,371) | 21,454) | 17,772) | 15,451) | |
| Performance Ratio | ||||||
| MVA margin2 | 256.67% | 487.38% | 1,378.91% | 697.17% | 591.48% | |
| Benchmarks | ||||||
| MVA Margin, Competitors3 | ||||||
| Accenture PLC | 213.17% | 379.26% | 279.96% | 233.58% | 202.17% | |
| Adobe Inc. | 766.46% | 1,287.44% | 1,554.19% | 1,330.31% | 1,114.60% | |
| International Business Machines Corp. | 104.54% | 104.85% | 68.01% | 81.54% | — | |
| Intuit Inc. | 782.89% | 1,489.94% | 1,098.60% | 1,034.92% | 884.25% | |
| Microsoft Corp. | 916.17% | 1,148.11% | 976.86% | 711.95% | 612.04% | |
| Oracle Corp. | 412.88% | 514.72% | 411.93% | 401.82% | 302.52% | |
| Palo Alto Networks Inc. | 651.57% | 771.68% | 434.92% | 469.62% | 683.93% | |
| Salesforce Inc. | 417.33% | 620.94% | 558.53% | 642.57% | — | |
| ServiceNow Inc. | 1,026.06% | 1,555.49% | 2,101.04% | 1,606.91% | — | |
| Synopsys Inc. | 796.87% | 1,126.17% | 803.94% | 470.26% | 256.95% | |
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2018-12-31).
1 MVA. See details »
2 2022 Calculation
MVA margin = 100 × MVA ÷ Net revenues
= 100 × 70,630 ÷ 27,518 = 256.67%
3 Click competitor name to see calculations.
| Performance ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| MVA margin | The ratio of MVA to sales. It measures how efficiently and prodigiously sales translate into franchise value. | PayPal Holdings Inc. MVA margin ratio deteriorated from 2020 to 2021 and from 2021 to 2022. |