Common-Size Income Statement
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- Statement of Comprehensive Income
- Common-Size Balance Sheet: Assets
- Analysis of Solvency Ratios
- Analysis of Long-term (Investment) Activity Ratios
- Return on Equity (ROE) since 2005
- Current Ratio since 2005
- Total Asset Turnover since 2005
- Price to Book Value (P/BV) since 2005
- Analysis of Revenues
- Analysis of Debt
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Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2025-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-03-31).
The common-size income statement reveals significant fluctuations in Gilead Sciences’ profitability and expense management over the analyzed period, spanning from March 2021 to December 2025. Product sales are consistently represented at 100%, allowing for a clear view of the proportional impact of other financial items.
- Gross Profit
- Gross profit on product sales demonstrates considerable variability, ranging from a low of 63.31% in December 2021 to a high of 83.37% in September 2021. A general downward trend is observed from 2021 through 2023, followed by a recovery towards the end of the period. The most recent quarters show a stabilization around 78-79%, indicating potential improvements in cost management or pricing strategies.
- Cost of Goods Sold
- Cost of goods sold as a percentage of product sales exhibits an inverse relationship with gross profit. It peaked at -36.69% in December 2021, coinciding with the lowest gross profit margin. A noticeable increase is observed in late 2023 and early 2024, before decreasing again. The fluctuations suggest potential changes in production costs, inventory valuation, or supply chain dynamics.
- Research and Development
- Research and development expenses consistently represent a substantial portion of product sales, generally ranging between 15% and 23%. A significant spike is observed in December 2021 (-28.31%) and again in March 2024 (-22.87%). The inclusion of ‘Acquired in-process research and development expenses’ and ‘In-process research and development impairments’ further complicates the R&D picture, with substantial negative impacts in specific quarters, particularly in March 2022 (-41.32%) and March 2024 (-62.15%). These impairments significantly impacted net income in those periods.
- Operating Income
- Operating income demonstrates a strong correlation with gross profit and R&D expenses. It experienced a substantial decline in 2021 and a particularly sharp drop in March 2024 (-65.02%), largely attributable to the significant in-process R&D impairment. A recovery is evident in subsequent quarters, reaching approximately 35% by the end of 2025. The volatility highlights the company’s sensitivity to R&D investments and associated impairments.
- Selling, General, and Administrative Expenses
- Selling, general, and administrative expenses remain relatively stable as a percentage of product sales, generally fluctuating between 16% and 28%. A peak is observed in December 2022 (-27.55%), followed by a decrease. These expenses appear to be less volatile than cost of goods sold or R&D, suggesting a more consistent overhead structure.
- Net Income
- Net income exhibits the most dramatic fluctuations, mirroring the trends in operating income and influenced by other income/expenses and taxes. A significant loss is recorded in March 2024 (-62.74%), directly linked to the large R&D impairment. The company returns to profitability in subsequent quarters, with net income reaching a high of 41.55% in September 2025. The final quarters show a consistent net income around 27-28%.
- Other Income and Taxes
- Other income (expense), net, and income tax (expense) benefit introduce additional variability. Other income fluctuates between negative and positive values, while the income tax rate varies depending on profitability. These items contribute to the overall volatility in net income.
In summary, the company experienced significant earnings volatility throughout the analyzed period, largely driven by fluctuations in research and development expenses, particularly those related to acquired in-process research and development. While profitability recovered in the later periods, the impact of these expenses remains a key factor in understanding the company’s financial performance.