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Analysis of Liquidity Ratios
Quarterly Data

Beginner level

Liquidity ratios measure the company’s ability to meet its short-term obligations.

Merck & Co. Inc., liquidity ratios (quarterly data)

Liquidity ratio	Description	The company
Current ratio	A liquidity ratio calculated as current assets divided by current liabilities.	Merck & Co. Inc.’s current ratio deteriorated from Q4 2019 to Q1 2020 but then improved from Q1 2020 to Q2 2020 exceeding Q4 2019 level.
Quick ratio	A liquidity ratio calculated as (cash plus short-term marketable investments plus receivables) divided by current liabilities.	Merck & Co. Inc.’s quick ratio deteriorated from Q4 2019 to Q1 2020 but then improved from Q1 2020 to Q2 2020 exceeding Q4 2019 level.
Cash ratio	A liquidity ratio calculated as (cash plus short-term marketable investments) divided by current liabilities.	Merck & Co. Inc.’s cash ratio deteriorated from Q4 2019 to Q1 2020 but then improved from Q1 2020 to Q2 2020 exceeding Q4 2019 level.

Merck & Co. Inc., current ratio calculation (quarterly data)

		Jun 30, 2020	Mar 31, 2020		Dec 31, 2019	Sep 30, 2019	Jun 30, 2019	Mar 31, 2019		Dec 31, 2018	Sep 30, 2018	Jun 30, 2018	Mar 31, 2018		Dec 31, 2017	Sep 30, 2017	Jun 30, 2017	Mar 31, 2017		Dec 31, 2016	Sep 30, 2016	Jun 30, 2016	Mar 31, 2016		Dec 31, 2015	Sep 30, 2015	Jun 30, 2015	Mar 31, 2015
	Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
	Current assets
	Current liabilities
	Liquidity Ratio
	Current ratio¹
	Benchmarks
	Current Ratio, Competitors²
	Abbott Laboratories
	AbbVie Inc.
	Amgen Inc.
	Biogen Inc.
	Bristol-Myers Squibb Co.
	Eli Lilly & Co.
	Gilead Sciences Inc.
	Illumina Inc.
	Johnson & Johnson
	Pfizer Inc.
	Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc.
	Vertex Pharmaceuticals Inc.
	Zoetis Inc.

¹ Q2 2020 Calculation
Current ratio = Current assets ÷ Current liabilities
= ÷ =

² Click competitor name to see calculations.

Liquidity ratio	Description	The company
Current ratio	A liquidity ratio calculated as current assets divided by current liabilities.	Merck & Co. Inc.’s current ratio deteriorated from Q4 2019 to Q1 2020 but then improved from Q1 2020 to Q2 2020 exceeding Q4 2019 level.

Merck & Co. Inc., quick ratio calculation (quarterly data)

		Jun 30, 2020	Mar 31, 2020		Dec 31, 2019	Sep 30, 2019	Jun 30, 2019	Mar 31, 2019		Dec 31, 2018	Sep 30, 2018	Jun 30, 2018	Mar 31, 2018		Dec 31, 2017	Sep 30, 2017	Jun 30, 2017	Mar 31, 2017		Dec 31, 2016	Sep 30, 2016	Jun 30, 2016	Mar 31, 2016		Dec 31, 2015	Sep 30, 2015	Jun 30, 2015	Mar 31, 2015
	Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
	Cash and cash equivalents
	Short-term investments
	Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts
	Total quick assets

	Current liabilities
	Liquidity Ratio
	Quick ratio¹
	Benchmarks
	Quick Ratio, Competitors²
	Abbott Laboratories
	AbbVie Inc.
	Amgen Inc.
	Biogen Inc.
	Bristol-Myers Squibb Co.
	Eli Lilly & Co.
	Gilead Sciences Inc.
	Illumina Inc.
	Johnson & Johnson
	Pfizer Inc.
	Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc.
	Vertex Pharmaceuticals Inc.
	Zoetis Inc.

¹ Q2 2020 Calculation
Quick ratio = Total quick assets ÷ Current liabilities
= ÷ =

² Click competitor name to see calculations.

Liquidity ratio	Description	The company
Quick ratio	A liquidity ratio calculated as (cash plus short-term marketable investments plus receivables) divided by current liabilities.	Merck & Co. Inc.’s quick ratio deteriorated from Q4 2019 to Q1 2020 but then improved from Q1 2020 to Q2 2020 exceeding Q4 2019 level.

Merck & Co. Inc., cash ratio calculation (quarterly data)

		Jun 30, 2020	Mar 31, 2020		Dec 31, 2019	Sep 30, 2019	Jun 30, 2019	Mar 31, 2019		Dec 31, 2018	Sep 30, 2018	Jun 30, 2018	Mar 31, 2018		Dec 31, 2017	Sep 30, 2017	Jun 30, 2017	Mar 31, 2017		Dec 31, 2016	Sep 30, 2016	Jun 30, 2016	Mar 31, 2016		Dec 31, 2015	Sep 30, 2015	Jun 30, 2015	Mar 31, 2015
	Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
	Cash and cash equivalents
	Short-term investments
	Total cash assets

	Current liabilities
	Liquidity Ratio
	Cash ratio¹
	Benchmarks
	Cash Ratio, Competitors²
	Abbott Laboratories
	AbbVie Inc.
	Amgen Inc.
	Biogen Inc.
	Bristol-Myers Squibb Co.
	Eli Lilly & Co.
	Gilead Sciences Inc.
	Illumina Inc.
	Johnson & Johnson
	Pfizer Inc.
	Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc.
	Vertex Pharmaceuticals Inc.
	Zoetis Inc.

¹ Q2 2020 Calculation
Cash ratio = Total cash assets ÷ Current liabilities
= ÷ =

² Click competitor name to see calculations.

Liquidity ratio	Description	The company
Cash ratio	A liquidity ratio calculated as (cash plus short-term marketable investments) divided by current liabilities.	Merck & Co. Inc.’s cash ratio deteriorated from Q4 2019 to Q1 2020 but then improved from Q1 2020 to Q2 2020 exceeding Q4 2019 level.

	Merck & Co. Inc.	Other companies (not purchased previously)
Financial Statements
Common-Size Financial Statements
Analysis of Financial Ratios
Relative Valuation
Discounted Cash Flow (DCF) Valuation
Economic Value Added (EVA)
Long-term Trends
Analysis of Components of Financial Statements
Financial Reporting Quality

	All companies
Financial Statements
Common-Size Financial Statements
Analysis of Financial Ratios
Relative Valuation
Discounted Cash Flow (DCF) Valuation
Economic Value Added (EVA)
Long-term Trends
Analysis of Components of Financial Statements
Financial Reporting Quality

Merck & Co. Inc. (NYSE:MRK)