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Analysis of Income Taxes

Advanced level

Income Tax Expense (Benefit)
Effective Income Tax Rate (EITR)
Components of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities
Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities, Classification
Adjustments to Financial Statements: Removal of Deferred Taxes
Adjusted Financial Ratios: Removal of Deferred Taxes (Summary)
Adjusted Net Profit Margin
Adjusted Total Asset Turnover
Adjusted Financial Leverage
Adjusted Return on Equity (ROE)
Adjusted Return on Assets (ROA)

Income Tax Expense (Benefit)

AT&T Inc., income tax expense (benefit), continuing operations

US$ in millions

	12 months ended:	Dec 31, 2019		Dec 31, 2018		Dec 31, 2017		Dec 31, 2016		Dec 31, 2015
	Federal
	State and local
	Foreign
	Current
	Federal
	State and local
	Foreign
	Deferred
	Income tax expense (benefit)

Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2020-02-20), 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-20), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-20), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-17), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-18).

Item	Description	The company
Current	Amount of current income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to taxable income (loss) from continuing operations.	AT&T Inc.’s current increased from 2017 to 2018 but then slightly decreased from 2018 to 2019 not reaching 2017 level.
Deferred	Amount of deferred income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to income (loss) from continuing operations.	AT&T Inc.’s deferred increased from 2017 to 2018 and from 2018 to 2019.
Income tax expense (benefit)	Amount of current income tax expense (benefit) and deferred income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to continuing operations.	AT&T Inc.’s income tax expense (benefit) increased from 2017 to 2018 but then slightly decreased from 2018 to 2019.

Effective Income Tax Rate (EITR)

AT&T Inc., effective income tax rate (EITR) reconciliation

		Dec 31, 2019	Dec 31, 2018	Dec 31, 2017	Dec 31, 2016	Dec 31, 2015
	Statutory federal income tax rate
	Effective tax rate, before enactment date and measurement period adjustments from the Act
	Effective tax rate

Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2020-02-20), 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-20), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-20), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-17), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-18).

Item	Description	The company
Effective tax rate, before enactment date and measurement period adjustments from the Act	Percentage of current income tax expense (benefit) and deferred income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to continuing operations.	AT&T Inc.’s effective tax rate, before enactment date and measurement period adjustments from the Act decreased from 2017 to 2018 and from 2018 to 2019.

Components of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities

AT&T Inc., components of deferred tax assets and liabilities

US$ in millions

		Dec 31, 2019		Dec 31, 2018		Dec 31, 2017		Dec 31, 2016		Dec 31, 2015
	Depreciation and amortization
	Licenses and nonamortizable intangibles
	Employee benefits
	Deferred fulfillment costs
	Net operating loss and other carryforwards
	Other, net
	Subtotal
	Deferred tax assets valuation allowance
	Net deferred tax assets (liabilities)

Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2020-02-20), 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-20), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-20), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-17), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-18).

Item	Description	The company
Net deferred tax assets (liabilities)	Amount, after allocation of valuation allowances and deferred tax liability, of deferred tax asset attributable to deductible differences and carryforwards, without jurisdictional netting.	AT&T Inc.’s net deferred tax assets (liabilities) decreased from 2017 to 2018 and from 2018 to 2019.

Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities, Classification

AT&T Inc., deferred tax assets and liabilities, classification

US$ in millions

		Dec 31, 2019	Dec 31, 2018	Dec 31, 2017	Dec 31, 2016	Dec 31, 2015
	Noncurrent deferred tax assets
	Noncurrent deferred tax liabilities

Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2020-02-20), 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-20), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-20), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-17), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-18).

Item	Description	The company
Noncurrent deferred tax assets	Amount, after allocation of valuation allowances and deferred tax liability, of deferred tax asset attributable to deductible differences and carryforwards, with jurisdictional netting and classified as noncurrent.	AT&T Inc.’s noncurrent deferred tax assets increased from 2017 to 2018 and from 2018 to 2019.
Noncurrent deferred tax liabilities	Amount, after deferred tax asset, of deferred tax liability attributable to taxable differences, with jurisdictional netting and classified as noncurrent.	AT&T Inc.’s noncurrent deferred tax liabilities increased from 2017 to 2018 and from 2018 to 2019.

Adjustments to Financial Statements: Removal of Deferred Taxes

AT&T Inc., adjustments to financial statements

US$ in millions

		Dec 31, 2019	Dec 31, 2018	Dec 31, 2017	Dec 31, 2016	Dec 31, 2015
	Adjustment to Total Assets
	Total assets (as reported)
	Less: Noncurrent deferred tax assets, net
	Total assets (adjusted)
	Adjustment to Total Liabilities
	Total liabilities (as reported)
	Less: Noncurrent deferred tax liabilities, net
	Total liabilities (adjusted)
	Adjustment to Stockholders’ Equity Attributable To AT&T
	Stockholders’ equity attributable to AT&T (as reported)
	Less: Net deferred tax assets (liabilities)
	Stockholders’ equity attributable to AT&T (adjusted)
	Adjustment to Net Income Attributable To AT&T
	Net income attributable to AT&T (as reported)
	Add: Deferred income tax expense (benefit)
	Net income attributable to AT&T (adjusted)

Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2020-02-20), 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-20), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-20), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-17), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-18).

AT&T Inc., Financial Data: Reported vs. Adjusted

Adjusted Financial Ratios: Removal of Deferred Taxes (Summary)

AT&T Inc., adjusted financial ratios

		Dec 31, 2019	Dec 31, 2018	Dec 31, 2017	Dec 31, 2016	Dec 31, 2015
	Net Profit Margin
	Reported net profit margin
	Adjusted net profit margin
	Total Asset Turnover
	Reported total asset turnover
	Adjusted total asset turnover
	Financial Leverage
	Reported financial leverage
	Adjusted financial leverage
	Return on Equity (ROE)
	Reported ROE
	Adjusted ROE
	Return on Assets (ROA)
	Reported ROA
	Adjusted ROA

Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2020-02-20), 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-20), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-20), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-17), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-18).

Financial ratio	Description	The company
Adjusted net profit margin	An indicator of profitability, calculated as adjusted net income divided by total revenue.	AT&T Inc.’s adjusted net profit margin ratio improved from 2017 to 2018 but then slightly deteriorated from 2018 to 2019 not reaching 2017 level.
Adjusted total asset turnover	An activity ratio calculated as total revenue divided by adjusted total assets.	AT&T Inc.’s adjusted total asset turnover ratio deteriorated from 2017 to 2018 but then slightly improved from 2018 to 2019.
Adjusted financial leverage	A measure of financial leverage calculated as adjusted total assets divided by adjusted total equity. Financial leverage is the extent to which a company can effect, through the use of debt, a proportional change in the return on common equity that is greater than a given proportional change in operating income.	AT&T Inc.’s adjusted financial leverage ratio decreased from 2017 to 2018 but then slightly increased from 2018 to 2019.
Adjusted ROE	A profitability ratio calculated as adjusted net income divided by adjusted shareholders’ equity.	AT&T Inc.’s adjusted ROE improved from 2017 to 2018 but then deteriorated significantly from 2018 to 2019.
Adjusted ROA	A profitability ratio calculated as adjusted net income divided by adjusted total assets.	AT&T Inc.’s adjusted ROA improved from 2017 to 2018 but then deteriorated significantly from 2018 to 2019.

AT&T Inc., Financial Ratios: Reported vs. Adjusted

Adjusted Net Profit Margin

		Dec 31, 2019	Dec 31, 2018	Dec 31, 2017	Dec 31, 2016	Dec 31, 2015
	As Reported
	Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
	Net income attributable to AT&T
	Operating revenues
	Profitability Ratio
	Net profit margin¹
	Adjusted for Deferred Taxes
	Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
	Adjusted net income attributable to AT&T
	Operating revenues
	Profitability Ratio
	Adjusted net profit margin²

Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2020-02-20), 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-20), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-20), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-17), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-18).

2019 Calculations

¹ Net profit margin = 100 × Net income attributable to AT&T ÷ Operating revenues
= 100 × ÷ =

² Adjusted net profit margin = 100 × Adjusted net income attributable to AT&T ÷ Operating revenues
= 100 × ÷ =

Profitability ratio	Description	The company
Adjusted net profit margin	An indicator of profitability, calculated as adjusted net income divided by total revenue.	AT&T Inc.’s adjusted net profit margin ratio improved from 2017 to 2018 but then slightly deteriorated from 2018 to 2019 not reaching 2017 level.

Adjusted Total Asset Turnover

		Dec 31, 2019	Dec 31, 2018	Dec 31, 2017	Dec 31, 2016	Dec 31, 2015
	As Reported
	Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
	Operating revenues
	Total assets
	Activity Ratio
	Total asset turnover¹
	Adjusted for Deferred Taxes
	Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
	Operating revenues
	Adjusted total assets
	Activity Ratio
	Adjusted total asset turnover²

Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2020-02-20), 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-20), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-20), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-17), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-18).

2019 Calculations

¹ Total asset turnover = Operating revenues ÷ Total assets
= ÷ =

² Adjusted total asset turnover = Operating revenues ÷ Adjusted total assets
= ÷ =

Activity ratio	Description	The company
Adjusted total asset turnover	An activity ratio calculated as total revenue divided by adjusted total assets.	AT&T Inc.’s adjusted total asset turnover ratio deteriorated from 2017 to 2018 but then slightly improved from 2018 to 2019.

Adjusted Financial Leverage

		Dec 31, 2019	Dec 31, 2018	Dec 31, 2017	Dec 31, 2016	Dec 31, 2015
	As Reported
	Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
	Total assets
	Stockholders’ equity attributable to AT&T
	Solvency Ratio
	Financial leverage¹
	Adjusted for Deferred Taxes
	Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
	Adjusted total assets
	Adjusted stockholders’ equity attributable to AT&T
	Solvency Ratio
	Adjusted financial leverage²

Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2020-02-20), 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-20), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-20), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-17), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-18).

2019 Calculations

¹ Financial leverage = Total assets ÷ Stockholders’ equity attributable to AT&T
= ÷ =

² Adjusted financial leverage = Adjusted total assets ÷ Adjusted stockholders’ equity attributable to AT&T
= ÷ =

Solvency ratio	Description	The company
Adjusted financial leverage	A measure of financial leverage calculated as adjusted total assets divided by adjusted total equity. Financial leverage is the extent to which a company can effect, through the use of debt, a proportional change in the return on common equity that is greater than a given proportional change in operating income.	AT&T Inc.’s adjusted financial leverage ratio decreased from 2017 to 2018 but then slightly increased from 2018 to 2019.

Adjusted Return on Equity (ROE)

		Dec 31, 2019	Dec 31, 2018	Dec 31, 2017	Dec 31, 2016	Dec 31, 2015
	As Reported
	Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
	Net income attributable to AT&T
	Stockholders’ equity attributable to AT&T
	Profitability Ratio
	ROE¹
	Adjusted for Deferred Taxes
	Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
	Adjusted net income attributable to AT&T
	Adjusted stockholders’ equity attributable to AT&T
	Profitability Ratio
	Adjusted ROE²

Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2020-02-20), 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-20), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-20), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-17), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-18).

2019 Calculations

¹ ROE = 100 × Net income attributable to AT&T ÷ Stockholders’ equity attributable to AT&T
= 100 × ÷ =

² Adjusted ROE = 100 × Adjusted net income attributable to AT&T ÷ Adjusted stockholders’ equity attributable to AT&T
= 100 × ÷ =

Profitability ratio	Description	The company
Adjusted ROE	A profitability ratio calculated as adjusted net income divided by adjusted shareholders’ equity.	AT&T Inc.’s adjusted ROE improved from 2017 to 2018 but then deteriorated significantly from 2018 to 2019.

Adjusted Return on Assets (ROA)

		Dec 31, 2019	Dec 31, 2018	Dec 31, 2017	Dec 31, 2016	Dec 31, 2015
	As Reported
	Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
	Net income attributable to AT&T
	Total assets
	Profitability Ratio
	ROA¹
	Adjusted for Deferred Taxes
	Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
	Adjusted net income attributable to AT&T
	Adjusted total assets
	Profitability Ratio
	Adjusted ROA²

Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2020-02-20), 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-20), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-20), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-17), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-18).

2019 Calculations

¹ ROA = 100 × Net income attributable to AT&T ÷ Total assets
= 100 × ÷ =

² Adjusted ROA = 100 × Adjusted net income attributable to AT&T ÷ Adjusted total assets
= 100 × ÷ =

Profitability ratio	Description	The company
Adjusted ROA	A profitability ratio calculated as adjusted net income divided by adjusted total assets.	AT&T Inc.’s adjusted ROA improved from 2017 to 2018 but then deteriorated significantly from 2018 to 2019.

	AT&T Inc.	Other companies (not purchased previously)
Financial Statements
Common-Size Financial Statements
Analysis of Financial Ratios
Relative Valuation
Discounted Cash Flow (DCF) Valuation
Economic Value Added (EVA)
Long-term Trends
Analysis of Components of Financial Statements
Financial Reporting Quality

	All companies
Financial Statements
Common-Size Financial Statements
Analysis of Financial Ratios
Relative Valuation
Discounted Cash Flow (DCF) Valuation
Economic Value Added (EVA)
Long-term Trends
Analysis of Components of Financial Statements
Financial Reporting Quality

AT&T Inc. (NYSE:T)

Analysis of Income Taxes

Income Tax Expense (Benefit)

Effective Income Tax Rate (EITR)

Components of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities

Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities, Classification

Adjustments to Financial Statements: Removal of Deferred Taxes

AT&T Inc., Financial Data: Reported vs. Adjusted

Adjusted Financial Ratios: Removal of Deferred Taxes (Summary)

AT&T Inc., Financial Ratios: Reported vs. Adjusted

Adjusted Net Profit Margin

Adjusted Total Asset Turnover

Adjusted Financial Leverage

Adjusted Return on Equity (ROE)

Adjusted Return on Assets (ROA)