Decomposing ROE involves expressing net income divided by shareholders’ equity as the product of component ratios.
Two-Component Disaggregation of ROE
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31).
- Return on Assets (ROA)
- The Return on Assets shows a significant improvement over the observed period. Initially, the value was deeply negative at -43.35% in 2020, indicating a substantial lack of asset profitability. However, there is a consistent upward trend, with the negative impact reducing to -16.02% in 2021 and further to -10.8% in 2022. By 2023, the ROA turned positive at 4.64% and continued improving to 7.29% in 2024, suggesting enhanced efficiency in utilizing assets to generate profit.
- Financial Leverage
- Financial leverage has steadily decreased from 1.77 in 2020 to 1.27 in 2024. This downward trend suggests a reduction in the company’s reliance on debt relative to equity. The gradual reduction each year reflects a strategy towards a more conservative capital structure, potentially reducing financial risk.
- Return on Equity (ROE)
- The Return on Equity similarly exhibits a marked improvement. Starting at a severely negative -76.61% in 2020, this ratio shows a consistent upward trajectory, improving to -22.71% in 2021 and -14.57% in 2022. Notably, in 2023, ROE finally becomes positive at 6.04%, with further growth to 9.24% in 2024. This pattern indicates a turnaround in the company’s ability to generate returns for shareholders and overall enhanced profitability.
Three-Component Disaggregation of ROE
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31).
- Net Profit Margin
- The net profit margin demonstrates a significant positive trend over the five-year period. Starting with a substantial negative margin of -106.75% in 2020, the margin steadily improved year-over-year, reaching -33.75% in 2021 and further narrowing to -19.61% in 2022. This progress culminated in positive profitability from 2023 onward, with margins of 9.43% in 2023 and an increase to 16.13% projected for 2024. This suggests a successful transition from substantial losses toward sustained profitability.
- Asset Turnover
- Asset turnover showed moderate fluctuations throughout the period. It increased from 0.41 in 2020 to a peak of 0.55 in 2022, indicating improved efficiency in utilizing assets to generate revenue. However, in subsequent years, this ratio declined slightly to 0.49 in 2023 and further to 0.45 projected for 2024, suggesting a mild reduction in asset utilization effectiveness after 2022.
- Financial Leverage
- Financial leverage consistently decreased over the period, from 1.77 in 2020 to 1.27 projected in 2024. This steady decline reflects a reduced reliance on debt or other leverage sources, potentially indicating a strengthening capital structure and lower financial risk.
- Return on Equity (ROE)
- Return on equity exhibits a pattern similar to net profit margin, moving from negative to positive returns. Beginning with a highly negative ROE of -76.61% in 2020, the metric improved significantly over time, reaching -22.71% in 2021 and -14.57% in 2022. The positive shift is evident from 2023 onward, with 6.04% in 2023 and a forecasted 9.24% in 2024, highlighting enhanced profitability from shareholders' perspective and more effective use of equity capital.
Five-Component Disaggregation of ROE
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31).
The analyzed financial data reveals significant improvements and shifts in key performance indicators over the examined periods.
- Profitability Margins
- The EBIT margin shows a marked improvement from deeply negative values in earlier years to positive margins in the most recent years. Starting at -106.61% in 2020, it improved substantially to -31.45% in 2021, and further to -18.87% in 2022. The trend reverses to positive territory with 10.47% in 2023 and increases further to 16.87% in 2024, indicating enhanced operational efficiency and profitability.
- Return on Equity (ROE)
- ROE follows a similar trajectory to EBIT margin, indicating improved returns for shareholders. From a highly negative level of -76.61% in 2020, ROE improves to -22.71% in 2021 and -14.57% in 2022. The metric turns positive with 6.04% in 2023, then increases to 9.24% in 2024, reflecting strengthening profitability and equity returns.
- Asset Efficiency
- Asset turnover exhibits modest fluctuations. It increased from 0.41 in 2020 to a peak of 0.55 in 2022, suggesting better utilization of assets to generate revenue. However, it slightly declines to 0.49 in 2023 and further to 0.45 in 2024, indicating a minor reduction in asset efficiency in the more recent periods.
- Financial Leverage
- Financial leverage demonstrates a consistent downward trend from 1.77 in 2020 to 1.27 in 2024. This reduction suggests a strategy toward lower reliance on debt financing, enhancing the company’s risk profile.
- Tax Burden and Interest Burden
- Tax burden and interest burden ratios are only available for 2023 and 2024, showing minor changes. The tax burden ratio increases from 0.91 to 0.96, reflecting a slightly higher effective tax rate or reduced tax benefits. The interest burden ratio remains stable at approximately 0.99-1, indicating consistent interest expense relative to earnings before interest and taxes.
Overall, the data indicates a transition from considerable losses and low efficiency to improved profitability and stronger financial health, accompanied by a reduction in financial leverage. Asset management efficiency has shown some decline after peaking, which may warrant further monitoring.
Two-Component Disaggregation of ROA
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31).
- Net Profit Margin
- The net profit margin demonstrated a significant improvement over the examined periods. Initially, it was deeply negative at -106.75% in 2020, indicating substantial losses. There was a steady upward trend through subsequent years, with the margin narrowing to -33.75% in 2021 and further to -19.61% in 2022. By 2023, the margin turned positive, reaching 9.43%, and continued to increase to 16.13% in 2024. This trend suggests a strong shift towards profitability and enhanced operational efficiency.
- Asset Turnover
- The asset turnover ratio showed moderate fluctuations over the period. It started at 0.41 in 2020 and increased to a peak of 0.55 in 2022, indicating improved efficiency in using assets to generate revenue during this time. However, after 2022, the ratio declined to 0.49 in 2023 and further to 0.45 in 2024, implying a slight decrease in asset utilization effectiveness in the more recent years.
- Return on Assets (ROA)
- The return on assets moved in a pattern similar to the net profit margin, starting with significant negative values. ROA was -43.35% in 2020, improved markedly to -16.02% in 2021, and then to -10.8% in 2022. The company achieved a positive ROA of 4.64% in 2023, which increased to 7.29% in 2024. This reflects improved profitability relative to the company's asset base and suggests better asset management and profitability.
Four-Component Disaggregation of ROA
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31).
The financial data reveals notable trends in profitability and efficiency ratios over the observed periods.
- Tax Burden
- This ratio, available only for the last two years, shows an increase from 0.91 to 0.96, indicating a slight improvement in the company's ability to retain earnings after taxes.
- Interest Burden
- The interest burden ratio improved marginally from 0.99 to 1.0 in the last two years, suggesting the company faced minimal interest expenses relative to earnings before interest and taxes.
- EBIT Margin
- This margin exhibits a significant positive turnaround. It was deeply negative at -106.61% in 2020, improving to -31.45% in 2021 and -18.87% in 2022. From 2023 onwards, the margin turned positive, reaching 10.47% and further rising to 16.87% by 2024. This indicates a substantial enhancement in operating profitability over the given timeframe.
- Asset Turnover
- Asset turnover, a measure of asset efficiency in generating sales, increased steadily from 0.41 in 2020 to a peak of 0.55 in 2022, before declining slightly to 0.49 in 2023 and 0.45 in 2024. This suggests some fluctuations but overall remains at a moderate efficiency level.
- Return on Assets (ROA)
- The ROA trends correlate with improvements in EBIT margin. Initially highly negative at -43.35% in 2020, the ROA improved to -16.02% in 2021 and -10.8% in 2022. It transitioned to positive values from 2023, achieving 4.64% and rising to 7.29% in 2024. This reflects a growing ability to generate net profits from total assets.
Overall, the data highlights a marked recovery in profitability and asset utilization, with the company moving from significant losses toward positive operating and asset returns in recent years. The stability in tax and interest burdens further supports a healthier financial position.
Disaggregation of Net Profit Margin
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31).
- Tax Burden
- The tax burden ratio shows an increasing trend from 0.91 in 2023 to 0.96 in 2024, indicating a slight rise in the proportion of earnings retained after taxes during the most recent periods.
- Interest Burden
- The interest burden ratio remained nearly constant, moving from 0.99 in 2023 to 1.00 in 2024, reflecting minimal or no impact from interest expenses on earnings before taxes.
- EBIT Margin
- The EBIT margin has shown a significant improvement over the observed period, rising from a deeply negative margin of -106.61% in 2020 to a positive margin of 16.87% in 2024. The trend indicates a transition from substantial operating losses to profitability, highlighting improved operational efficiency and cost control.
- Net Profit Margin
- Similarly, the net profit margin improved markedly from -106.75% in 2020 to 16.13% in 2024. This progression from a negative to a positive margin underscores a turnaround in overall profitability, with the company moving from net losses to sustained net income generation by the end of the period.