Common-Size Balance Sheet: Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
Quarterly Data
Union Pacific Corp., common-size consolidated balance sheet: liabilities and stockholders’ equity (quarterly data)
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2025-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-03-31).
The composition of liabilities and stockholders’ equity exhibited notable shifts over the observed period, spanning from March 31, 2021, to December 31, 2025. Overall, the proportion of total liabilities increased relative to common shareholders’ equity, particularly from 2021 through 2025. Within liabilities, long-term obligations consistently represented the largest component, while current liabilities demonstrated some fluctuation.
- Current Liabilities
- Current liabilities, as a percentage of total liabilities and equity, generally decreased over the period. Beginning at 7.88% in March 2021, they reached a high of 9.31% in June 2022 before declining to 7.19% by December 2025. Debt due within one year contributed significantly to this category, showing volatility but generally trending downward from 2.53% to 2.18% over the entire period. Accounts payable and other current liabilities remained relatively stable, fluctuating between approximately 5.23% and 6.09%.
- Long-Term Liabilities
- Long-term liabilities consistently comprised the largest portion of total liabilities. The percentage of total liabilities and equity represented by these obligations increased from 65.81% in March 2021 to a peak of 73.29% in September 2022, before decreasing to 66.31% by December 2025. Debt due after one year was the primary driver of this trend, fluctuating between 40.65% and 48.58%. Noncurrent operating lease liabilities showed a gradual decline, decreasing from 1.90% to 1.06% over the period. Deferred income taxes remained relatively stable, consistently representing approximately 19-20% of the total.
- Stockholders’ Equity
- Common shareholders’ equity exhibited a decreasing proportion of the capital structure. Starting at 26.30% in March 2021, it declined to 26.50% by December 2025. Within equity, retained earnings consistently represented the largest component, increasing from 84.18% to 99.79% before decreasing slightly to 99.76%. Treasury stock showed a significant and consistent increase in its negative percentage, moving from -67.69% to -84.43%, indicating substantial share repurchases. Paid-in-surplus remained relatively stable, fluctuating between 7.25% and 8.08%. Accumulated other comprehensive loss remained consistently negative, but decreased in magnitude from -2.58% to -0.85%.
The observed trends suggest a shift towards increased reliance on debt financing, coupled with significant share repurchase activity. The consistent growth in retained earnings, alongside the increasing negative balance of treasury stock, indicates a strategy of reinvesting profits into the company while simultaneously reducing the number of outstanding shares. The relative stability of deferred income taxes suggests consistent tax planning practices.
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