Analysis of Profitability Ratios
Profitability ratios measure the company ability to generate profitable sales from its resources (assets).
Profitability Ratios (Summary)
Nike Inc., profitability ratios
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2024-05-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-05-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-05-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-05-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-05-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-05-31).
The analysis of the annual financial data reveals several noteworthy trends in profitability and efficiency ratios over the six-year period ending May 31, 2024.
- Gross Profit Margin
- The gross profit margin exhibited some fluctuations but generally maintained a stable level. It started at 44.67% in 2019, declined slightly in 2020 to 43.42%, then recovered and peaked at 45.98% in 2022 before somewhat decreasing to 44.56% in 2024. The variability suggests occasional changes in cost management or product pricing but overall stable gross profitability.
- Operating Profit Margin
- This margin showed a more pronounced volatility. Beginning at 12.20% in 2019, it dropped substantially to 8.33% in 2020, likely indicating increased operating expenses or reduced operating efficiency during that year. Thereafter, it improved significantly to 15.58% in 2021, followed by a slight decline to 11.55% in 2023 and a moderate rebound to 12.29% in 2024. This pattern reflects a recovery phase after a challenging 2020, but with some inconsistency in the subsequent years.
- Net Profit Margin
- The net profit margin followed a trend similar to the operating margin, starting at 10.3% in 2019 and declining to 6.79% in 2020, indicating decreased overall profitability potentially due to higher non-operating costs or tax expenses during that period. It then increased again, peaking at 12.94% in 2022, before declining to 9.9% in 2023 and recovering slightly to 11.1% in 2024. The fluctuations suggest variability in net income drivers beyond operating performance.
- Return on Equity (ROE)
- ROE showed substantial variation over the period. It began very strong at 44.57% in 2019, declined sharply to 31.52% in 2020, then rebounded to 44.86% in 2021, illustrating resilience in shareholder returns after the 2020 dip. Subsequent declines to 36.2% in 2023 followed by a recovery to 39.5% indicate a generally high but somewhat volatile return on shareholder investment, possibly influenced by changes in net income and equity base.
- Return on Assets (ROA)
- ROA mirrored many of the trends seen in profitability ratios. Starting at 16.99% in 2019, it fell sharply to 8.1% in 2020, suggesting reduced asset efficiency or profitability. It recovered to 15.17% in 2021 and remained relatively stable through 2024, ending at 14.96%. This pattern suggests that asset utilization and overall operational profitability were most challenged in 2020 but generally stable in other years.
In summary, the data indicate that 2020 was a year of significant financial strain or disruption across most metrics, likely due to extraordinary circumstances. Subsequent years show recovery and return towards pre-2020 performance levels, although some variability remains. Gross margins stayed relatively stable, while profitability and returns demonstrated more sensitivity to external or internal factors. The overall financial health displayed resilience with signs of improved operating and net profitability and returns on investments approaching earlier highs by 2024.
Return on Sales
Return on Investment
Gross Profit Margin
Nike Inc., gross profit margin calculation, comparison to benchmarks
| May 31, 2024 | May 31, 2023 | May 31, 2022 | May 31, 2021 | May 31, 2020 | May 31, 2019 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions) | |||||||
| Gross profit | 22,887) | 22,292) | 21,479) | 19,962) | 16,241) | 17,474) | |
| Revenues | 51,362) | 51,217) | 46,710) | 44,538) | 37,403) | 39,117) | |
| Profitability Ratio | |||||||
| Gross profit margin1 | 44.56% | 43.52% | 45.98% | 44.82% | 43.42% | 44.67% | |
| Benchmarks | |||||||
| Gross Profit Margin, Competitors2 | |||||||
| lululemon athletica inc. | 58.31% | 55.39% | 57.68% | 55.98% | 55.87% | — | |
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2024-05-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-05-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-05-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-05-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-05-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-05-31).
1 2024 Calculation
Gross profit margin = 100 × Gross profit ÷ Revenues
= 100 × 22,887 ÷ 51,362 = 44.56%
2 Click competitor name to see calculations.
The annual financial data indicate several notable trends in the company's revenue, gross profit, and gross profit margin over the six-year period from May 31, 2019, to May 31, 2024.
- Revenues
- Revenues exhibited a downward trend initially, declining from 39,117 million USD in 2019 to 37,403 million USD in 2020, likely reflecting an adverse impact during that period. Subsequently, a recovery and growth phase is evident, with revenues increasing steadily each year from 37,403 million USD in 2020 to 51,362 million USD in 2024. This corresponds to an overall revenue growth of approximately 31.3% over the six-year span.
- Gross Profit
- Gross profit followed a similar pattern with a decline from 17,474 million USD in 2019 to 16,241 million USD in 2020. Following this year, gross profit rose consistently reaching 22,887 million USD by 2024. This demonstrates a strong recovery and growth trajectory of 31% from 2020 to 2024. The growth in gross profit generally outpaced the growth in revenues from 2021 onwards, indicating improvements in profitability from core activities.
- Gross Profit Margin
- The gross profit margin percentage exhibited some fluctuations but remained within a moderate range, reflecting relative stability in cost control or pricing strategy. After declining from 44.67% in 2019 to 43.42% in 2020, the margin recovered to 44.82% in 2021 and peaked at 45.98% in 2022. Thereafter, it decreased to 43.52% in 2023 but improved again to 44.56% in 2024. These variations suggest some volatility in cost structures or product mix, but overall the margin has maintained a level close to the historical average of around 44-45% over the period.
In summary, the data reflect a short-term impact causing declines in revenue and gross profit in 2020, followed by a robust recovery and growth trend both top and bottom line. The gross profit margin remained relatively stable, with minor fluctuations, underscoring a consistent profitability level amid changing business conditions.
Operating Profit Margin
Nike Inc., operating profit margin calculation, comparison to benchmarks
| May 31, 2024 | May 31, 2023 | May 31, 2022 | May 31, 2021 | May 31, 2020 | May 31, 2019 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions) | |||||||
| Operating income | 6,311) | 5,915) | 6,675) | 6,937) | 3,115) | 4,772) | |
| Revenues | 51,362) | 51,217) | 46,710) | 44,538) | 37,403) | 39,117) | |
| Profitability Ratio | |||||||
| Operating profit margin1 | 12.29% | 11.55% | 14.29% | 15.58% | 8.33% | 12.20% | |
| Benchmarks | |||||||
| Operating Profit Margin, Competitors2 | |||||||
| lululemon athletica inc. | 22.17% | 16.38% | 21.31% | 18.63% | 22.34% | — | |
| Operating Profit Margin, Sector | |||||||
| Consumer Durables & Apparel | 13.85% | 12.21% | 15.12% | 15.85% | 9.68% | — | |
| Operating Profit Margin, Industry | |||||||
| Consumer Discretionary | 11.04% | 9.12% | 8.47% | 8.79% | 6.48% | — | |
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2024-05-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-05-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-05-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-05-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-05-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-05-31).
1 2024 Calculation
Operating profit margin = 100 × Operating income ÷ Revenues
= 100 × 6,311 ÷ 51,362 = 12.29%
2 Click competitor name to see calculations.
- Revenues
- Revenues exhibited a generally increasing trend over the analyzed period, starting at 39,117 million USD in 2019 and rising to 51,362 million USD by 2024. A slight decline occurred in 2020, likely influenced by external factors during that year, but growth resumed in subsequent years, with the most significant jump between 2020 and 2021.
- Operating Income
- Operating income showed substantial fluctuations. There was a notable decrease from 4,772 million USD in 2019 to 3,115 million USD in 2020, followed by a sharp increase to 6,937 million USD in 2021. Afterward, operating income experienced a decline in 2022 and 2023, reaching 5,915 million USD, before slightly rising again to 6,311 million USD in 2024. These variations suggest volatility in operational efficiency or cost management during the period.
- Operating Profit Margin
- Operating profit margin mirrored the trend seen in operating income, with a significant drop from 12.2% in 2019 to 8.33% in 2020, reflecting reduced profitability. A strong recovery occurred in 2021, with the margin peaking at 15.58%. Thereafter, the margin gradually decreased to 11.55% in 2023 but showed a modest improvement to 12.29% in 2024. The fluctuations imply challenges and subsequent recovery in controlling operating costs relative to revenue.
Net Profit Margin
Nike Inc., net profit margin calculation, comparison to benchmarks
| May 31, 2024 | May 31, 2023 | May 31, 2022 | May 31, 2021 | May 31, 2020 | May 31, 2019 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions) | |||||||
| Net income | 5,700) | 5,070) | 6,046) | 5,727) | 2,539) | 4,029) | |
| Revenues | 51,362) | 51,217) | 46,710) | 44,538) | 37,403) | 39,117) | |
| Profitability Ratio | |||||||
| Net profit margin1 | 11.10% | 9.90% | 12.94% | 12.86% | 6.79% | 10.30% | |
| Benchmarks | |||||||
| Net Profit Margin, Competitors2 | |||||||
| lululemon athletica inc. | 16.12% | 10.54% | 15.59% | 13.38% | 16.22% | — | |
| Net Profit Margin, Sector | |||||||
| Consumer Durables & Apparel | 11.89% | 9.99% | 13.26% | 12.91% | 7.70% | — | |
| Net Profit Margin, Industry | |||||||
| Consumer Discretionary | 8.74% | 7.92% | 5.15% | 9.20% | 5.24% | — | |
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2024-05-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-05-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-05-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-05-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-05-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-05-31).
1 2024 Calculation
Net profit margin = 100 × Net income ÷ Revenues
= 100 × 5,700 ÷ 51,362 = 11.10%
2 Click competitor name to see calculations.
- Net Income
- The net income demonstrates significant fluctuations across the observed periods. It declined from $4,029 million in 2019 to a low of $2,539 million in 2020, reflecting a notable contraction. However, a strong recovery is evident in subsequent years, peaking at $6,046 million in 2022. Following this peak, the net income slightly decreased to $5,070 million in 2023, but rebounded again to $5,700 million in 2024, indicating overall growth after the initial decline.
- Revenues
- Revenues also show variability but with an overall upward trend. Starting at $39,117 million in 2019, revenues dipped marginally to $37,403 million in 2020. From 2021 onwards, a consistent increase occurs, reaching $51,217 million in 2023 and maintaining near this level at $51,362 million in 2024. This progression suggests a recovery and gradual expansion in sales over the recent years.
- Net Profit Margin
- The net profit margin follows a pattern similar to net income. It decreased from 10.3% in 2019 to 6.79% in 2020, highlighting reduced profitability during that period. The margin then rose significantly to 12.86% in 2021 and slightly improved further to 12.94% in 2022. Afterwards, it declined to 9.9% in 2023 but increased again to 11.1% in 2024. This indicates fluctuations in profitability, with 2020 marking the low point, followed by partial recovery in the subsequent years.
- Summary
- Overall, the financial data indicates that a significant downturn occurred in 2020 across net income, revenues, and profit margins, reflecting an adverse environment or operational challenges. Recovery trends are evident through 2021 to 2024, with revenues and net income showing growth and margins improving after the dip. Despite some variability, the general movement points toward a stabilization and improvement in financial performance following the 2020 downturn.
Return on Equity (ROE)
Nike Inc., ROE calculation, comparison to benchmarks
| May 31, 2024 | May 31, 2023 | May 31, 2022 | May 31, 2021 | May 31, 2020 | May 31, 2019 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions) | |||||||
| Net income | 5,700) | 5,070) | 6,046) | 5,727) | 2,539) | 4,029) | |
| Shareholders’ equity | 14,430) | 14,004) | 15,281) | 12,767) | 8,055) | 9,040) | |
| Profitability Ratio | |||||||
| ROE1 | 39.50% | 36.20% | 39.57% | 44.86% | 31.52% | 44.57% | |
| Benchmarks | |||||||
| ROE, Competitors2 | |||||||
| lululemon athletica inc. | 36.63% | 27.15% | 35.60% | 23.02% | 33.07% | — | |
| ROE, Sector | |||||||
| Consumer Durables & Apparel | 38.85% | 34.54% | 38.96% | 41.21% | 31.82% | — | |
| ROE, Industry | |||||||
| Consumer Discretionary | 28.36% | 30.61% | 21.65% | 34.37% | 25.29% | — | |
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2024-05-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-05-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-05-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-05-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-05-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-05-31).
1 2024 Calculation
ROE = 100 × Net income ÷ Shareholders’ equity
= 100 × 5,700 ÷ 14,430 = 39.50%
2 Click competitor name to see calculations.
- Net Income
- The net income experienced a significant decline from 4,029 million USD in 2019 to 2,539 million USD in 2020, indicating a challenging financial period. However, the following years showed a strong recovery, with net income rising to 5,727 million USD in 2021 and peaking at 6,046 million USD in 2022. After a decrease to 5,070 million USD in 2023, net income recovered again to 5,700 million USD in 2024. Overall, net income displays volatility but maintains an upward trajectory after the dip in 2020.
- Shareholders' Equity
- Shareholders’ equity declined from 9,040 million USD in 2019 to 8,055 million USD in 2020, corresponding somewhat with the drop in net income. This was followed by a pronounced increase to 12,767 million USD in 2021 and continued growth to 15,281 million USD in 2022. Subsequently, equity slightly decreased to 14,004 million USD in 2023 before a modest increase to 14,430 million USD in 2024. This trend suggests an overall strengthening of the company’s capital base over the period, despite some fluctuations.
- Return on Equity (ROE)
- The ROE followed a downward trend beginning at 44.57% in 2019 and dropping sharply to 31.52% in 2020, mirroring the decline in net income and shareholders' equity. It rebounded strongly to 44.86% in 2021, then decreased over the next two years to 39.57% in 2022 and 36.2% in 2023. In 2024, ROE showed a slight improvement to 39.5%. Although the ROE remains relatively high, indicating effectiveness in generating returns on equity, it shows a general downward adjustment after the initial recovery post-2020.
Return on Assets (ROA)
Nike Inc., ROA calculation, comparison to benchmarks
| May 31, 2024 | May 31, 2023 | May 31, 2022 | May 31, 2021 | May 31, 2020 | May 31, 2019 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions) | |||||||
| Net income | 5,700) | 5,070) | 6,046) | 5,727) | 2,539) | 4,029) | |
| Total assets | 38,110) | 37,531) | 40,321) | 37,740) | 31,342) | 23,717) | |
| Profitability Ratio | |||||||
| ROA1 | 14.96% | 13.51% | 14.99% | 15.17% | 8.10% | 16.99% | |
| Benchmarks | |||||||
| ROA, Competitors2 | |||||||
| lululemon athletica inc. | 21.86% | 15.25% | 19.73% | 14.07% | 19.67% | — | |
| ROA, Sector | |||||||
| Consumer Durables & Apparel | 16.04% | 13.73% | 15.51% | 15.06% | 9.20% | — | |
| ROA, Industry | |||||||
| Consumer Discretionary | 8.18% | 7.66% | 4.94% | 8.07% | 4.42% | — | |
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2024-05-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-05-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-05-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-05-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-05-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-05-31).
1 2024 Calculation
ROA = 100 × Net income ÷ Total assets
= 100 × 5,700 ÷ 38,110 = 14.96%
2 Click competitor name to see calculations.
The analysis of the annual financial data over the six-year period reveals several notable trends and patterns in performance and asset management efficiency.
- Net Income
- The net income exhibits fluctuations, with a significant decline from 4,029 million US dollars in 2019 to 2,539 million US dollars in 2020. This represents a substantial drop, which may indicate challenges faced during that year. However, a strong recovery is observed in 2021, with net income increasing sharply to 5,727 million US dollars. From 2021 to 2024, net income stabilizes around a higher range, with figures recorded at 6,046 million in 2022, a slight decrease to 5,070 million in 2023, and a rebound to 5,700 million in 2024. Overall, despite volatility, the company demonstrates resilience with net income levels in recent years surpassing the pre-2020 period.
- Total Assets
- Total assets show a steady upward trajectory from 23,717 million US dollars in 2019 to a peak of 40,321 million US dollars in 2022. This growth suggests consistent investment in resources or asset accumulation over the four-year span. Following the peak in 2022, assets decline moderately to 37,531 million in 2023, with a slight recovery to 38,110 million in 2024. The overall asset base remains significantly higher than the starting point in 2019, indicating expansion and possible strategic positioning in asset utilization or acquisitions.
- Return on Assets (ROA)
- The ROA percentage fluctuates in line with the performance and asset trends. Starting at 16.99% in 2019, ROA drops sharply to 8.1% in 2020, aligned with the decrease in net income amidst growing asset levels. It then recovers to 15.17% in 2021 and remains relatively stable through 2022 at 14.99%, before experiencing a moderate decline to 13.51% in 2023. The ROA rises again to 14.96% in 2024. These movements indicate variations in asset efficiency and profitability, with the company managing to restore asset returns closer to earlier levels after the downturn in 2020.
In summary, the data reflects a period of disruption around 2020, followed by recovery and growth in both profitability and asset base. Although net income and asset size faced some volatility, the company sustained moderate to strong returns on assets over the years, suggesting effective management of its resources despite external challenges.