Accounting Policy on Income Taxes
Income Tax Expense (Benefit)
Effective Income Tax Rate (EITR)
Components of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities
Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities, Classification
Adjustments to Financial Statements: Removal of Deferred Taxes
Adjusted Financial Ratios: Removal of Deferred Taxes (Summary)
Adjusted Current Ratio
Adjusted Net Profit Margin
Adjusted Total Asset Turnover
Adjusted Financial Leverage
Adjusted Return on Equity (ROE)
Adjusted Return on Assets (ROA)

Regeneron recognizes deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included in the financial statements or tax returns, including deferred tax assets and liabilities for expected amounts of global intangible low-taxed income ("GILTI") inclusions. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined on the basis of the difference between the tax basis of assets and liabilities and their respective financial reporting amounts ("temporary differences") at enacted tax rates in effect for the years in which the differences are expected to reverse. A valuation allowance is established for deferred tax assets for which it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.

Uncertain tax positions, for which management’s assessment is that there is more than a 50% probability of sustaining the position upon challenge by a taxing authority based upon its technical merits, are subjected to certain recognition and measurement criteria. Regeneron re-evaluates uncertain tax positions and considers various factors, including, but not limited to, changes in tax law, the measurement of tax positions taken or expected to be taken in tax returns, and changes in facts or circumstances related to a tax position. Regeneron adjusts the level of the liability to reflect any subsequent changes in the relevant facts and circumstances surrounding the uncertain positions. Regeneron recognizes interest and penalties related to income tax matters in income tax expense.

Source: 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-07).

Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., income tax expense (benefit), continuing operations

US$ in thousands

	12 months ended	Dec 31, 2018		Dec 31, 2017		Dec 31, 2016		Dec 31, 2015		Dec 31, 2014
	Federal
	State
	Foreign
	Current tax expense
	Federal
	State
	Foreign
	Deferred tax expense (benefit)
	Income tax expense (benefit)

Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-07), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-08), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-09), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-11), 10-K (filing date: 2015-02-12).

Item	Description	The company
Current tax expense	Amount of current income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to taxable income (loss) from continuing operations.	Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc.’s current tax expense decreased from 2016 to 2017 and from 2017 to 2018.
Deferred tax expense (benefit)	Amount of deferred income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to income (loss) from continuing operations.	Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc.’s deferred tax expense (benefit) increased from 2016 to 2017 but then slightly decreased from 2017 to 2018 not reaching 2016 level.
Income tax expense (benefit)	Amount of current income tax expense (benefit) and deferred income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to continuing operations.	Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc.’s income tax expense (benefit) increased from 2016 to 2017 but then decreased significantly from 2017 to 2018.

Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., effective income tax rate (EITR) reconciliation

		Dec 31, 2018	Dec 31, 2017	Dec 31, 2016	Dec 31, 2015	Dec 31, 2014
	U.S. federal statutory tax rate
	Sale of non-inventory related assets between foreign subsidiaries
	Stock-based compensation
	Taxation of non-U.S. operations
	Income tax credits
	Non-deductible Branded Prescription Drug Fee
	Foreign-derived intangible income deduction
	Domestic production activities deduction
	State and local income taxes
	Provision (benefit) related to uncertain tax positions
	Other permanent differences
	Effective income tax rate, impact of change in U.S. corporate tax rate (the Act)
	Impact of change in U.S. corporate tax rate (the Act)
	Effective income tax rate

Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-07), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-08), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-09), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-11), 10-K (filing date: 2015-02-12).

Item	Description	The company
Effective income tax rate, impact of change in U.S. corporate tax rate (the Act)	Percentage of current income tax expense (benefit) and deferred income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to continuing operations.	Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc.’s effective income tax rate, impact of change in U.S. corporate tax rate (the Act) decreased from 2016 to 2017 and from 2017 to 2018.

Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., components of deferred tax assets and liabilities

US$ in thousands

		Dec 31, 2018		Dec 31, 2017		Dec 31, 2016		Dec 31, 2015		Dec 31, 2014
	Deferred compensation
	Fixed assets and intangible assets
	Deferred revenue
	Income tax credit carryforwards
	Accrued expenses
	Other
	Deferred tax assets, gross
	Valuation allowance
	Deferred tax assets
	Unrealized gains/losses on marketable securities
	Fixed assets and intangible assets
	Convertible senior notes
	Other
	Deferred tax liabilities
	Net deferred tax assets (liabilities)

Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-07), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-08), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-09), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-11), 10-K (filing date: 2015-02-12).

Item	Description	The company
Deferred tax assets, gross	Amount before allocation of valuation allowances of deferred tax asset attributable to deductible temporary differences and carryforwards.	Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc.’s deferred tax assets, gross decreased from 2016 to 2017 but then slightly increased from 2017 to 2018.
Deferred tax assets	Amount after allocation of valuation allowances of deferred tax asset attributable to deductible temporary differences and carryforwards.	Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc.’s deferred tax assets decreased from 2016 to 2017 but then slightly increased from 2017 to 2018.
Net deferred tax assets (liabilities)	Amount, after allocation of valuation allowances and deferred tax liability, of deferred tax asset attributable to deductible differences and carryforwards, without jurisdictional netting.	Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc.’s net deferred tax assets (liabilities) decreased from 2016 to 2017 but then increased from 2017 to 2018 not reaching 2016 level.

Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., deferred tax assets and liabilities, classification

US$ in thousands

		Dec 31, 2018	Dec 31, 2017	Dec 31, 2016	Dec 31, 2015	Dec 31, 2014
	Current deferred tax assets
	Noncurrent deferred tax assets
	Noncurrent deferred tax liabilities

Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-07), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-08), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-09), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-11), 10-K (filing date: 2015-02-12).

Item	Description	The company
Noncurrent deferred tax assets	Amount, after allocation of valuation allowances and deferred tax liability, of deferred tax asset attributable to deductible differences and carryforwards, with jurisdictional netting and classified as noncurrent.	Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc.’s noncurrent deferred tax assets decreased from 2016 to 2017 but then increased from 2017 to 2018 exceeding 2016 level.
Noncurrent deferred tax liabilities	Amount, after deferred tax asset, of deferred tax liability attributable to taxable differences, with jurisdictional netting and classified as noncurrent.

Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., adjustments to financial statements

US$ in thousands

		Dec 31, 2018	Dec 31, 2017	Dec 31, 2016	Dec 31, 2015	Dec 31, 2014
	Adjustment to Current Assets
	Current assets (as reported)
	Less: Current deferred tax assets, net
	Current assets (adjusted)
	Adjustment to Total Assets
	Total assets (as reported)
	Less: Current deferred tax assets, net
	Less: Noncurrent deferred tax assets, net
	Total assets (adjusted)
	Adjustment to Total Liabilities
	Total liabilities (as reported)
	Less: Noncurrent deferred tax liabilities, net
	Total liabilities (adjusted)
	Adjustment to Stockholders’ Equity
	Stockholders’ equity (as reported)
	Less: Net deferred tax assets (liabilities)
	Stockholders’ equity (adjusted)
	Adjustment to Net Income
	Net income (as reported)
	Add: Deferred income tax expense (benefit)
	Net income (adjusted)

Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-07), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-08), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-09), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-11), 10-K (filing date: 2015-02-12).

Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., Financial Data: Reported vs. Adjusted

Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., adjusted financial ratios

		Dec 31, 2018	Dec 31, 2017	Dec 31, 2016	Dec 31, 2015	Dec 31, 2014
	Current Ratio
	Reported current ratio
	Adjusted current ratio
	Net Profit Margin
	Reported net profit margin
	Adjusted net profit margin
	Total Asset Turnover
	Reported total asset turnover
	Adjusted total asset turnover
	Financial Leverage
	Reported financial leverage
	Adjusted financial leverage
	Return on Equity (ROE)
	Reported ROE
	Adjusted ROE
	Return on Assets (ROA)
	Reported ROA
	Adjusted ROA

Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-07), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-08), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-09), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-11), 10-K (filing date: 2015-02-12).

Financial ratio	Description	The company
Adjusted current ratio	A liquidity ratio calculated as adjusted current assets divided by adjusted current liabilities.	Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc.’s adjusted current ratio improved from 2016 to 2017 and from 2017 to 2018.
Adjusted net profit margin	An indicator of profitability, calculated as adjusted net income divided by total revenue.	Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc.’s adjusted net profit margin ratio improved from 2016 to 2017 and from 2017 to 2018.
Adjusted total asset turnover	An activity ratio calculated as total revenue divided by adjusted total assets.	Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc.’s adjusted total asset turnover ratio deteriorated from 2016 to 2017 and from 2017 to 2018.
Adjusted financial leverage	A measure of financial leverage calculated as adjusted total assets divided by adjusted total equity. Financial leverage is the extent to which a company can effect, through the use of debt, a proportional change in the return on common equity that is greater than a given proportional change in operating income.	Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc.’s adjusted financial leverage ratio decreased from 2016 to 2017 and from 2017 to 2018.
Adjusted ROE	A profitability ratio calculated as adjusted net income divided by adjusted shareholders’ equity.	Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc.’s adjusted ROE improved from 2016 to 2017 and from 2017 to 2018.
Adjusted ROA	A profitability ratio calculated as adjusted net income divided by adjusted total assets.	Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc.’s adjusted ROA improved from 2016 to 2017 and from 2017 to 2018.

Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., Financial Ratios: Reported vs. Adjusted

		Dec 31, 2018	Dec 31, 2017	Dec 31, 2016	Dec 31, 2015	Dec 31, 2014
	As Reported
	Selected Financial Data (US$ in thousands)
	Current assets
	Current liabilities
	Liquidity Ratio
	Current ratio¹
	Adjusted for Deferred Taxes
	Selected Financial Data (US$ in thousands)
	Adjusted current assets
	Current liabilities
	Liquidity Ratio
	Adjusted current ratio²

Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-07), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-08), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-09), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-11), 10-K (filing date: 2015-02-12).

2018 Calculations

¹ Current ratio = Current assets ÷ Current liabilities
= hidden ÷ hidden = hidden

² Adjusted current ratio = Adjusted current assets ÷ Current liabilities
= hidden ÷ hidden = hidden

Liquidity ratio	Description	The company
Adjusted current ratio	A liquidity ratio calculated as adjusted current assets divided by adjusted current liabilities.	Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc.’s adjusted current ratio improved from 2016 to 2017 and from 2017 to 2018.

		Dec 31, 2018	Dec 31, 2017	Dec 31, 2016	Dec 31, 2015	Dec 31, 2014
	As Reported
	Selected Financial Data (US$ in thousands)
	Net income
	Revenues
	Profitability Ratio
	Net profit margin¹
	Adjusted for Deferred Taxes
	Selected Financial Data (US$ in thousands)
	Adjusted net income
	Revenues
	Profitability Ratio
	Adjusted net profit margin²

Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-07), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-08), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-09), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-11), 10-K (filing date: 2015-02-12).

2018 Calculations

¹ Net profit margin = 100 × Net income ÷ Revenues
= 100 × hidden ÷ hidden = hidden

² Adjusted net profit margin = 100 × Adjusted net income ÷ Revenues
= 100 × hidden ÷ hidden = hidden

Profitability ratio	Description	The company
Adjusted net profit margin	An indicator of profitability, calculated as adjusted net income divided by total revenue.	Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc.’s adjusted net profit margin ratio improved from 2016 to 2017 and from 2017 to 2018.

		Dec 31, 2018	Dec 31, 2017	Dec 31, 2016	Dec 31, 2015	Dec 31, 2014
	As Reported
	Selected Financial Data (US$ in thousands)
	Revenues
	Total assets
	Activity Ratio
	Total asset turnover¹
	Adjusted for Deferred Taxes
	Selected Financial Data (US$ in thousands)
	Revenues
	Adjusted total assets
	Activity Ratio
	Adjusted total asset turnover²

Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-07), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-08), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-09), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-11), 10-K (filing date: 2015-02-12).

2018 Calculations

¹ Total asset turnover = Revenues ÷ Total assets
= hidden ÷ hidden = hidden

² Adjusted total asset turnover = Revenues ÷ Adjusted total assets
= hidden ÷ hidden = hidden

Activity ratio	Description	The company
Adjusted total asset turnover	An activity ratio calculated as total revenue divided by adjusted total assets.	Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc.’s adjusted total asset turnover ratio deteriorated from 2016 to 2017 and from 2017 to 2018.

		Dec 31, 2018	Dec 31, 2017	Dec 31, 2016	Dec 31, 2015	Dec 31, 2014
	As Reported
	Selected Financial Data (US$ in thousands)
	Total assets
	Stockholders’ equity
	Solvency Ratio
	Financial leverage¹
	Adjusted for Deferred Taxes
	Selected Financial Data (US$ in thousands)
	Adjusted total assets
	Adjusted stockholders’ equity
	Solvency Ratio
	Adjusted financial leverage²

Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-07), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-08), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-09), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-11), 10-K (filing date: 2015-02-12).

2018 Calculations

¹ Financial leverage = Total assets ÷ Stockholders’ equity
= hidden ÷ hidden = hidden

² Adjusted financial leverage = Adjusted total assets ÷ Adjusted stockholders’ equity
= hidden ÷ hidden = hidden

Solvency ratio	Description	The company
Adjusted financial leverage	A measure of financial leverage calculated as adjusted total assets divided by adjusted total equity. Financial leverage is the extent to which a company can effect, through the use of debt, a proportional change in the return on common equity that is greater than a given proportional change in operating income.	Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc.’s adjusted financial leverage ratio decreased from 2016 to 2017 and from 2017 to 2018.

		Dec 31, 2018	Dec 31, 2017	Dec 31, 2016	Dec 31, 2015	Dec 31, 2014
	As Reported
	Selected Financial Data (US$ in thousands)
	Net income
	Stockholders’ equity
	Profitability Ratio
	ROE¹
	Adjusted for Deferred Taxes
	Selected Financial Data (US$ in thousands)
	Adjusted net income
	Adjusted stockholders’ equity
	Profitability Ratio
	Adjusted ROE²

Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-07), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-08), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-09), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-11), 10-K (filing date: 2015-02-12).

2018 Calculations

¹ ROE = 100 × Net income ÷ Stockholders’ equity
= 100 × hidden ÷ hidden = hidden

² Adjusted ROE = 100 × Adjusted net income ÷ Adjusted stockholders’ equity
= 100 × hidden ÷ hidden = hidden

Profitability ratio	Description	The company
Adjusted ROE	A profitability ratio calculated as adjusted net income divided by adjusted shareholders’ equity.	Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc.’s adjusted ROE improved from 2016 to 2017 and from 2017 to 2018.

		Dec 31, 2018	Dec 31, 2017	Dec 31, 2016	Dec 31, 2015	Dec 31, 2014
	As Reported
	Selected Financial Data (US$ in thousands)
	Net income
	Total assets
	Profitability Ratio
	ROA¹
	Adjusted for Deferred Taxes
	Selected Financial Data (US$ in thousands)
	Adjusted net income
	Adjusted total assets
	Profitability Ratio
	Adjusted ROA²

Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-07), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-08), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-09), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-11), 10-K (filing date: 2015-02-12).

2018 Calculations

¹ ROA = 100 × Net income ÷ Total assets
= 100 × hidden ÷ hidden = hidden

² Adjusted ROA = 100 × Adjusted net income ÷ Adjusted total assets
= 100 × hidden ÷ hidden = hidden

Profitability ratio	Description	The company
Adjusted ROA	A profitability ratio calculated as adjusted net income divided by adjusted total assets.	Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc.’s adjusted ROA improved from 2016 to 2017 and from 2017 to 2018.

	Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc.	Other companies (not purchased previously)
Financial Statements
Common-Size Financial Statements
Analysis of Financial Ratios
Relative Valuation
Discounted Cash Flow (DCF) Valuation
Economic Value Added (EVA)
Long-term Trends
Analysis of Components of Financial Statements
Financial Reporting Quality

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Financial Statements
Common-Size Financial Statements
Analysis of Financial Ratios
Relative Valuation
Discounted Cash Flow (DCF) Valuation
Economic Value Added (EVA)
Long-term Trends
Analysis of Components of Financial Statements
Financial Reporting Quality

Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc. (REGN)

Analysis of Income Taxes

Accounting Policy on Income Taxes

Income Tax Expense (Benefit)

Effective Income Tax Rate (EITR)

Components of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities

Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities, Classification

Adjustments to Financial Statements: Removal of Deferred Taxes

Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., Financial Data: Reported vs. Adjusted

Adjusted Financial Ratios: Removal of Deferred Taxes (Summary)

Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., Financial Ratios: Reported vs. Adjusted

Adjusted Current Ratio

Adjusted Net Profit Margin

Adjusted Total Asset Turnover

Adjusted Financial Leverage

Adjusted Return on Equity (ROE)

Adjusted Return on Assets (ROA)