Amgen Inc. (AMGN)

Amgen provides for income taxes based on pretax income and applicable tax rates available in the various jurisdictions in which Amgen operates. Significant judgment is required in determining Amgen's provision for income taxes and income tax assets and liabilities, including evaluating uncertainties in the application of accounting principles and complex tax laws. Deferred income taxes are recorded for the expected tax consequences of temporary differences between the bases of assets and liabilities, as well as for loss and tax credit carryforwards for financial reporting purposes and amounts recognized for income tax purposes. Amgen records a valuation allowance to reduce the deferred tax assets to the amount of future tax benefit that is more likely than not to be realized.

Amgen recognizes the tax benefit from an uncertain tax position only if it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained upon examination by the taxing authorities based on the technical merits of the position. The tax benefit recognized in the consolidated financial statements for a particular tax position is based on the largest benefit that is more likely than not to be realized. The amount of unrecognized tax benefits (UTBs) is adjusted as appropriate for changes in facts and circumstances, such as significant amendments to existing tax law, new regulations or interpretations by the taxing authorities, new information obtained during a tax examination, or resolution of an examination. Amgen recognizes both accrued interest and penalties, where appropriate, related to UTBs in income tax expense.

On December 22, 2017, the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) staff issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118 (SAB 118) to address the accounting implications of the U.S. federal tax reform enacted on December 22, 2017. SAB 118 allows a company to record provisional amounts during a measurement period not to extend beyond one year of the enactment date.

Source: Amgen Inc., Annual Report

Amgen Inc., income tax expense (benefit), continuing operations

USD $ in millions

Source: Based on data from Amgen Inc. Annual Reports

Item	Description	The company
Current provision	The component of income tax expense for the period representing amounts of income taxes paid or payable (or refundable) for the period for all income tax obligations as determined by applying the provisions of relevant enacted tax laws to relevant amounts of taxable income (loss) from continuing operations.	Amgen Inc.'s current provision declined from 2015 to 2016 but then increased from 2016 to 2017 exceeding 2015 level.
Deferred provision (benefit)	The component of income tax expense for the period representing the net change in the entity's deferred tax assets and liabilities pertaining to continuing operations.	Amgen Inc.'s deferred provision (benefit) increased from 2015 to 2016 but then declined significantly from 2016 to 2017.
Provision for income taxes	The sum of the current income tax expense (benefit) and the deferred income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to pretax income (loss) from continuing operations; income tax expense (benefit) may include interest and penalties on tax uncertainties based on the entity's accounting policy.	Amgen Inc.'s provision for income taxes increased from 2015 to 2016 and from 2016 to 2017.

Amgen Inc., effective income tax rate (EITR) reconciliation

Source: Based on data from Amgen Inc. Annual Reports

Item	Description	The company
Effective tax rate	A ratio calculated by dividing the reported amount of income tax expense attributable to continuing operations for the period by GAAP-basis pretax income from continuing operations.	Amgen Inc.'s effective tax rate increased from 2015 to 2016 and from 2016 to 2017.

Amgen Inc., components of deferred tax assets and liabilities

USD $ in millions

Source: Based on data from Amgen Inc. Annual Reports

Item	Description	The company
Deferred income tax assets	The sum of the tax effects as of the balance sheet date of the amounts of all future tax deductions arising from temporary differences between tax basis and generally accepted accounting principles basis recognition of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, which can only be deducted for tax purposes when permitted under enacted tax laws (before the valuation allowance, if any, to reduce such sum amount to net realizable value). Includes any tax benefit realized in deferred tax assets for significant impacts of tax planning strategies.	Amgen Inc.'s deferred income tax assets declined from 2015 to 2016 and from 2016 to 2017.
Net deferred income tax assets	The aggregate tax effects as of the balance sheet date of all future tax deductions arising from temporary differences between tax basis and generally accepted accounting principles basis recognition of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, which can only be deducted for tax purposes when permitted under enacted tax laws; net of deducting the allocated valuation allowance, if any, to reduce such amount to net realizable value.	Amgen Inc.'s net deferred income tax assets declined from 2015 to 2016 and from 2016 to 2017.
Deferred income taxes, net	For entities that net deferred tax assets and tax liabilities, represents the unclassified net amount of deferred tax assets and liabilities as of the balance sheet date, which result from applying the applicable enacted tax rate to net temporary differences and carryforwards pertaining to assets or liabilities. A temporary difference is a difference between the tax basis of an asset or liability and its carrying amount in the financial statements prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles that will reverse in ensuing periods.	Amgen Inc.'s deferred income taxes, net declined from 2015 to 2016 but then increased from 2016 to 2017 exceeding 2015 level.

Amgen Inc., adjustments to financial data

USD $ in millions

Amgen Inc., adjusted ratios

Ratio	Description	The company
Adjusted net profit margin	An indicator of profitability, calculated as adjusted net income divided by total revenue.	Amgen Inc.'s adjusted net profit margin improved from 2015 to 2016 but then deteriorated significantly from 2016 to 2017.
Adjusted financial leverage	A measure of financial leverage calculated as adjusted total assets divided by adjusted total equity. Financial leverage is the extent to which a company can effect, through the use of debt, a proportional change in the return on common equity that is greater than a given proportional change in operating income.	Amgen Inc.'s adjusted financial leverage increased from 2015 to 2016 and from 2016 to 2017.
Adjusted ROE	A profitability ratio calculated as adjusted net income divided by adjusted shareholders' equity.	Amgen Inc.'s adjusted ROE improved from 2015 to 2016 but then deteriorated significantly from 2016 to 2017.
Adjusted ROA	A profitability ratio calculated as adjusted net income divided by adjusted total assets.	Amgen Inc.'s adjusted ROA improved from 2015 to 2016 but then deteriorated significantly from 2016 to 2017.

2017 Calculations

Ratio	Description	The company
Adjusted net profit margin	An indicator of profitability, calculated as adjusted net income divided by total revenue.	Amgen Inc.'s adjusted net profit margin improved from 2015 to 2016 but then deteriorated significantly from 2016 to 2017.

2017 Calculations

Ratio	Description	The company
Adjusted financial leverage	A measure of financial leverage calculated as adjusted total assets divided by adjusted total equity. Financial leverage is the extent to which a company can effect, through the use of debt, a proportional change in the return on common equity that is greater than a given proportional change in operating income.	Amgen Inc.'s adjusted financial leverage increased from 2015 to 2016 and from 2016 to 2017.

2017 Calculations

Ratio	Description	The company
Adjusted ROE	A profitability ratio calculated as adjusted net income divided by adjusted shareholders' equity.	Amgen Inc.'s adjusted ROE improved from 2015 to 2016 but then deteriorated significantly from 2016 to 2017.

2017 Calculations

Ratio	Description	The company
Adjusted ROA	A profitability ratio calculated as adjusted net income divided by adjusted total assets.	Amgen Inc.'s adjusted ROA improved from 2015 to 2016 but then deteriorated significantly from 2016 to 2017.