Common Stock Valuation Ratios (Price Multiples)
Quarterly Data
Valuation ratios measure the quantity of an asset or flaw (e.g., earnings) associated with ownership of a specified claim (e.g., a share of ownership of the enterprise).
Historical Valuation Ratios (Summary)
PayPal Holdings Inc., historical price multiples (quarterly data)
Based on: 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2020-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2020-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2020-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2019-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2019-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2019-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2018-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2018-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2018-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2018-03-31).
The financial ratios indicate distinct trends over the observed periods, reflecting changing market valuations and company performance metrics.
- Price to Earnings (P/E) Ratio
-
The P/E ratio, absent in the initial quarters, emerges in early 2019 and shows a general declining trend from 58.52 in June 2019 to 27.19 by March 2023. The ratio peaked at 91.55 in June 2020, suggesting elevated market expectations or earnings fluctuations during that period. Subsequently, the ratio decreased steadily, indicating either an improvement in earnings or reduced stock price multiples, reaching its lowest levels in early 2023.
- Price to Operating Profit (P/OP) Ratio
-
This ratio follows a pattern similar to the P/E ratio, starting in early 2019 with values around 48.58 and peaking at 95.94 in March 2021. Post-peak, it declines consistently to 17.83 by March 2023. The high values in 2020-2021 suggest market anticipation of strong earnings growth or a temporary rise in stock prices relative to operating profit. The steady decline later reflects more conservative valuations or improved operating profitability.
- Price to Sales (P/S) Ratio
-
The P/S ratio indicates rising market valuation from 6.9 in March 2019, reaching a peak of 14.71 in March 2021. This upward trend points to heightened investor confidence or strong sales growth expectations during this period. After the peak, the ratio declines markedly to 2.62 by March 2023, suggesting either a normalization of sales multiples or a re-evaluation of the stock price relative to sales.
- Price to Book Value (P/BV) Ratio
-
The P/BV ratio rises from the beginning of the dataset, moving from 6.17 in March 2018 to a peak of 15.92 in June 2021. This trend suggests increasing market valuation of net assets or goodwill. However, from mid-2021 onwards, there is a noticeable decline down to 3.7 by March 2023, indicating devaluation of the stock relative to book value or growth in book equity not matched by market price increases.
Overall, the data reveals a cycle of rising price multiples from 2019 through mid-2021, possibly reflecting strong growth expectations and optimistic market sentiment. Following the peak periods, all price multiples experience a broad-based decline toward early 2023, which could be attributed to adjustments in market expectations, changes in profitability, or external economic factors influencing investor behavior. The consistent decline across these valuation metrics signifies a shift toward more conservative pricing relative to earnings, operating profit, sales, and book value in the most recent quarters.
Price to Earnings (P/E)
PayPal Holdings Inc., historical P/E calculation (quarterly data)
| Mar 31, 2023 | Dec 31, 2022 | Sep 30, 2022 | Jun 30, 2022 | Mar 31, 2022 | Dec 31, 2021 | Sep 30, 2021 | Jun 30, 2021 | Mar 31, 2021 | Dec 31, 2020 | Sep 30, 2020 | Jun 30, 2020 | Mar 31, 2020 | Dec 31, 2019 | Sep 30, 2019 | Jun 30, 2019 | Mar 31, 2019 | Dec 31, 2018 | Sep 30, 2018 | Jun 30, 2018 | Mar 31, 2018 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. shares of common stock outstanding1 | 1,115,713,968 | 1,131,373,298 | 1,140,027,732 | 1,156,475,874 | 1,158,039,929 | 1,165,004,913 | 1,174,930,172 | 1,175,032,150 | 1,174,728,054 | 1,171,175,760 | 1,171,691,809 | 1,173,299,768 | 1,173,981,657 | 1,172,955,485 | 1,174,192,449 | 1,176,675,415 | 1,174,933,013 | 1,173,209,367 | 1,178,359,088 | 1,183,672,508 | 1,187,386,825 | |||||||
| Selected Financial Data (US$) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) (in millions) | 795) | 921) | 1,330) | (341) | 509) | 801) | 1,087) | 1,184) | 1,097) | 1,567) | 1,021) | 1,530) | 84) | 507) | 462) | 823) | 667) | 584) | 436) | 526) | 511) | |||||||
| Earnings per share (EPS)2 | 2.42 | 2.14 | 2.02 | 1.78 | 3.09 | 3.58 | 4.20 | 4.14 | 4.44 | 3.59 | 2.68 | 2.20 | 1.60 | 2.10 | 2.16 | 2.13 | 1.88 | 1.75 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | |||||||
| Share price1, 3 | 65.91 | 80.80 | 75.18 | 97.92 | 92.09 | 124.30 | 205.42 | 283.17 | 252.02 | 269.44 | 179.81 | 192.51 | 146.29 | 119.89 | 104.91 | 115.12 | 110.22 | 90.85 | 87.57 | 89.14 | 76.03 | |||||||
| Valuation Ratio | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| P/E ratio4 | 27.19 | 37.79 | 37.28 | 55.08 | 29.78 | 34.73 | 48.91 | 68.34 | 56.77 | 75.10 | 67.05 | 87.45 | 91.55 | 57.19 | 48.57 | 53.97 | 58.52 | 51.82 | — | — | — | |||||||
| Benchmarks | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| P/E Ratio, Competitors5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accenture PLC | 23.64 | 22.93 | 27.30 | 31.69 | 40.88 | 36.58 | 32.02 | 31.11 | 31.97 | 28.32 | 27.95 | 20.33 | 27.24 | 24.58 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
| Adobe Inc. | 36.72 | 33.15 | 27.18 | 35.27 | 45.03 | 48.90 | 47.07 | 49.98 | 40.82 | 41.69 | 58.43 | 55.97 | 45.60 | 57.17 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
| Cadence Design Systems Inc. | 67.89 | 59.70 | 55.98 | 59.24 | 56.00 | 53.88 | 66.92 | 59.14 | 61.38 | 62.89 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
| CrowdStrike Holdings Inc. | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
| International Business Machines Corp. | 62.36 | 71.56 | 95.23 | 20.78 | 22.19 | 19.40 | 23.26 | 23.99 | 23.63 | 19.30 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
| Intuit Inc. | 56.80 | 57.31 | 40.47 | 63.28 | 85.13 | 75.17 | 56.40 | 62.56 | 48.28 | 49.52 | 56.56 | 45.75 | 44.67 | 48.17 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
| Microsoft Corp. | 26.77 | 28.34 | 27.89 | 30.38 | 34.30 | 35.14 | 35.22 | 34.15 | 33.95 | 35.04 | 29.08 | 28.84 | 25.48 | 26.86 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
| Oracle Corp. | 35.29 | 26.85 | 27.46 | 26.70 | 17.45 | 15.84 | 15.15 | 17.19 | 17.88 | 16.69 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
| Palantir Technologies Inc. | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
| Palo Alto Networks Inc. | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
| Salesforce Inc. | 174.67 | 135.68 | 147.95 | 110.94 | 48.91 | 48.20 | 58.10 | 104.23 | — | 1,204.70 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
| ServiceNow Inc. | 231.71 | 284.28 | 417.74 | 479.20 | 452.04 | 487.70 | 620.23 | 681.34 | 654.66 | 978.47 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
| Synopsys Inc. | 57.28 | 51.76 | 53.76 | 46.52 | 48.45 | 73.37 | 64.13 | 45.71 | 56.52 | 55.92 | 51.53 | 54.36 | 46.45 | 39.55 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
| Workday Inc. | — | 1,957.29 | 2,418.34 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
Based on: 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2020-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2020-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2020-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2019-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2019-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2019-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2018-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2018-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2018-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2018-03-31).
1 Data adjusted for splits and stock dividends.
2 Q1 2023 Calculation
EPS
= (Net income (loss)Q1 2023
+ Net income (loss)Q4 2022
+ Net income (loss)Q3 2022
+ Net income (loss)Q2 2022)
÷ No. shares of common stock outstanding
= (795,000,000 + 921,000,000 + 1,330,000,000 + -341,000,000)
÷ 1,115,713,968 = 2.42
3 Closing price as at the filing date of PayPal Holdings Inc. Quarterly or Annual Report.
4 Q1 2023 Calculation
P/E ratio = Share price ÷ EPS
= 65.91 ÷ 2.42 = 27.19
5 Click competitor name to see calculations.
- Share Price Trend
- The share price demonstrated an overall upward trend from March 2018 through the end of 2021, starting at $76.03 and peaking at $283.17 in June 2021. Following this peak, there was a significant decline throughout 2022 and into the first quarter of 2023, with the price dropping to $65.91 by March 31, 2023. The volatility is notable, with considerable fluctuations especially in 2020 and 2021.
- Earnings Per Share (EPS) Trend
- EPS data begins in March 2019 at $1.75 and shows steady growth up until December 2021, reaching a maximum of $4.44 in June 2021. After this peak, EPS values generally declined through 2022, falling to $1.78 in September 2022, before slightly recovering towards $2.42 by March 2023. The EPS trajectory indicates a period of strong earnings growth followed by a contraction in recent quarters, corresponding with the decline in share price.
- Price-to-Earnings (P/E) Ratio Trend
- The P/E ratio was relatively high throughout the period, reflecting investor expectations. Starting from 51.82 in March 2019, it fluctuated significantly, peaking at 91.55 during June 2020 and then gradually decreasing to levels around 27.19 by March 2023. This declining P/E ratio alongside falling share prices and EPS suggests a market reassessment of growth prospects and valuation.
- Overall Insights
- The data indicates a phase of expansion and optimism from 2018 through mid-2021, characterized by rising share prices, increasing earnings, and high P/E ratios. Thereafter, the trend reversed, with diminishing share values and earnings from late 2021 to early 2023. The sharp drop in share price and reduced P/E ratios in recent quarters point to either market corrections or challenges impacting the company’s performance and future outlook. The slight uptick in EPS at the start of 2023, despite continuing share price weakness, suggests possible stabilization or early signs of recovery in profitability.
Price to Operating Profit (P/OP)
PayPal Holdings Inc., historical P/OP calculation (quarterly data)
| Mar 31, 2023 | Dec 31, 2022 | Sep 30, 2022 | Jun 30, 2022 | Mar 31, 2022 | Dec 31, 2021 | Sep 30, 2021 | Jun 30, 2021 | Mar 31, 2021 | Dec 31, 2020 | Sep 30, 2020 | Jun 30, 2020 | Mar 31, 2020 | Dec 31, 2019 | Sep 30, 2019 | Jun 30, 2019 | Mar 31, 2019 | Dec 31, 2018 | Sep 30, 2018 | Jun 30, 2018 | Mar 31, 2018 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. shares of common stock outstanding1 | 1,115,713,968 | 1,131,373,298 | 1,140,027,732 | 1,156,475,874 | 1,158,039,929 | 1,165,004,913 | 1,174,930,172 | 1,175,032,150 | 1,174,728,054 | 1,171,175,760 | 1,171,691,809 | 1,173,299,768 | 1,173,981,657 | 1,172,955,485 | 1,174,192,449 | 1,176,675,415 | 1,174,933,013 | 1,173,209,367 | 1,178,359,088 | 1,183,672,508 | 1,187,386,825 | |||||||
| Selected Financial Data (US$) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating income (in millions) | 999) | 1,244) | 1,118) | 764) | 711) | 1,050) | 1,043) | 1,127) | 1,042) | 963) | 977) | 951) | 398) | 799) | 697) | 705) | 518) | 598) | 490) | 572) | 534) | |||||||
| Operating profit per share2 | 3.70 | 3.39 | 3.20 | 3.09 | 3.39 | 3.66 | 3.55 | 3.50 | 3.35 | 2.81 | 2.67 | 2.42 | 2.21 | 2.32 | 2.14 | 1.96 | 1.85 | 1.87 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | |||||||
| Share price1, 3 | 65.91 | 80.80 | 75.18 | 97.92 | 92.09 | 124.30 | 205.42 | 283.17 | 252.02 | 269.44 | 179.81 | 192.51 | 146.29 | 119.89 | 104.91 | 115.12 | 110.22 | 90.85 | 87.57 | 89.14 | 76.03 | |||||||
| Valuation Ratio | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| P/OP ratio4 | 17.83 | 23.82 | 23.53 | 31.74 | 27.13 | 33.98 | 57.81 | 80.98 | 75.27 | 95.94 | 67.42 | 79.39 | 66.08 | 51.72 | 48.92 | 58.61 | 59.46 | 48.58 | — | — | — | |||||||
| Benchmarks | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| P/OP Ratio, Competitors5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accenture PLC | 17.50 | 16.83 | 19.98 | 23.62 | 31.03 | 28.35 | 25.67 | 24.96 | 25.29 | 22.21 | 21.16 | 15.44 | 20.55 | 18.63 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
| Adobe Inc. | 28.49 | 25.85 | 21.47 | 28.50 | 36.67 | 40.64 | 49.83 | 54.24 | 47.80 | 51.75 | 56.53 | 54.83 | 41.99 | 51.63 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
| Cadence Design Systems Inc. | 53.91 | 47.21 | 41.53 | 46.31 | 46.60 | 48.13 | 60.37 | 53.96 | 56.52 | 57.54 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
| CrowdStrike Holdings Inc. | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
| International Business Machines Corp. | 13.98 | 14.35 | 15.37 | 15.24 | 17.07 | 16.23 | 19.92 | 19.33 | 17.63 | 15.90 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
| Intuit Inc. | 43.50 | 46.05 | 33.22 | 53.54 | 71.64 | 62.00 | 46.48 | 52.54 | 39.99 | 41.56 | 49.11 | 39.04 | 37.66 | 40.45 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
| Microsoft Corp. | 22.07 | 24.72 | 24.66 | 27.51 | 31.35 | 30.79 | 30.72 | 29.13 | 28.71 | 29.30 | 25.90 | 25.91 | 22.91 | 24.54 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
| Oracle Corp. | 20.25 | 16.51 | 18.93 | 24.87 | 15.78 | 14.31 | 12.98 | 12.20 | 12.88 | 12.17 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
| Palantir Technologies Inc. | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
| Palo Alto Networks Inc. | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
| Salesforce Inc. | 818.64 | 357.52 | 280.57 | 236.57 | 228.93 | 431.39 | 914.43 | 3,682.10 | — | 511.08 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
| ServiceNow Inc. | 224.96 | 260.26 | 357.30 | 404.46 | 408.11 | 436.46 | 570.38 | 493.80 | 404.36 | 583.07 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
| Synopsys Inc. | 50.41 | 43.85 | 48.91 | 42.54 | 47.17 | 75.64 | 65.25 | 49.28 | 59.98 | 59.90 | 58.40 | 54.81 | 48.73 | 40.48 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
| Workday Inc. | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
Based on: 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2020-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2020-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2020-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2019-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2019-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2019-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2018-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2018-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2018-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2018-03-31).
1 Data adjusted for splits and stock dividends.
2 Q1 2023 Calculation
Operating profit per share
= (Operating incomeQ1 2023
+ Operating incomeQ4 2022
+ Operating incomeQ3 2022
+ Operating incomeQ2 2022)
÷ No. shares of common stock outstanding
= (999,000,000 + 1,244,000,000 + 1,118,000,000 + 764,000,000)
÷ 1,115,713,968 = 3.70
3 Closing price as at the filing date of PayPal Holdings Inc. Quarterly or Annual Report.
4 Q1 2023 Calculation
P/OP ratio = Share price ÷ Operating profit per share
= 65.91 ÷ 3.70 = 17.83
5 Click competitor name to see calculations.
- Share Price Trend
- The share price exhibited a general upward trend from March 2018 to December 2020, rising from $76.03 to a peak of $269.44. This increase was followed by volatility and a notable decline, dropping to $124.30 by December 2021. Throughout 2022 and into early 2023, the share price continued to trend downward, reaching $65.91 by March 31, 2023.
- Operating Profit Per Share Trend
- Operating profit per share data is available starting from March 2019. It showed a steady increase from $1.87 in March 2019 to $3.7 by March 2023. The increases were consistent almost every quarter, demonstrating ongoing improvement in operational profitability on a per-share basis over the observed periods.
- Price to Operating Profit Ratio (P/OP)
- The P/OP ratio, starting from March 2019, fluctuated significantly. It initially increased from 48.58 to reach a peak of 95.94 by December 2020, indicating rising share prices relative to operating profits. After this peak, the ratio declined markedly to 17.83 by March 2023, reflecting the considerable drop in share price alongside steadily increasing operating profits. The falling P/OP ratio suggests that the stock became cheaper relative to its operating earnings towards the end of the period.
- Overall Financial Insights
- The data indicate that despite operational profitability consistently improving over the period, market valuations experienced heightened volatility and eventual contraction. The share price's sharp rise until late 2020, followed by a prolonged decrease, contrasts with the stable upward trajectory of operating profit per share. This divergence has led to a decreasing price-to-operating-profit ratio, implying potentially increasing attractiveness in valuation terms in the latest periods.
Price to Sales (P/S)
PayPal Holdings Inc., historical P/S calculation (quarterly data)
| Mar 31, 2023 | Dec 31, 2022 | Sep 30, 2022 | Jun 30, 2022 | Mar 31, 2022 | Dec 31, 2021 | Sep 30, 2021 | Jun 30, 2021 | Mar 31, 2021 | Dec 31, 2020 | Sep 30, 2020 | Jun 30, 2020 | Mar 31, 2020 | Dec 31, 2019 | Sep 30, 2019 | Jun 30, 2019 | Mar 31, 2019 | Dec 31, 2018 | Sep 30, 2018 | Jun 30, 2018 | Mar 31, 2018 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. shares of common stock outstanding1 | 1,115,713,968 | 1,131,373,298 | 1,140,027,732 | 1,156,475,874 | 1,158,039,929 | 1,165,004,913 | 1,174,930,172 | 1,175,032,150 | 1,174,728,054 | 1,171,175,760 | 1,171,691,809 | 1,173,299,768 | 1,173,981,657 | 1,172,955,485 | 1,174,192,449 | 1,176,675,415 | 1,174,933,013 | 1,173,209,367 | 1,178,359,088 | 1,183,672,508 | 1,187,386,825 | |||||||
| Selected Financial Data (US$) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net revenues (in millions) | 7,040) | 7,383) | 6,846) | 6,806) | 6,483) | 6,918) | 6,182) | 6,238) | 6,033) | 6,116) | 5,459) | 5,261) | 4,618) | 4,961) | 4,378) | 4,305) | 4,128) | 4,226) | 3,683) | 3,857) | 3,685) | |||||||
| Sales per share2 | 25.16 | 24.32 | 23.73 | 22.82 | 22.30 | 21.78 | 20.91 | 20.29 | 19.47 | 18.32 | 17.32 | 16.38 | 15.56 | 15.15 | 14.51 | 13.89 | 13.53 | 13.17 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | |||||||
| Share price1, 3 | 65.91 | 80.80 | 75.18 | 97.92 | 92.09 | 124.30 | 205.42 | 283.17 | 252.02 | 269.44 | 179.81 | 192.51 | 146.29 | 119.89 | 104.91 | 115.12 | 110.22 | 90.85 | 87.57 | 89.14 | 76.03 | |||||||
| Valuation Ratio | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| P/S ratio4 | 2.62 | 3.32 | 3.17 | 4.29 | 4.13 | 5.71 | 9.82 | 13.95 | 12.95 | 14.71 | 10.38 | 11.75 | 9.40 | 7.91 | 7.23 | 8.29 | 8.15 | 6.90 | — | — | — | |||||||
| Benchmarks | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| P/S Ratio, Competitors5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accenture PLC | 2.67 | 2.56 | 3.04 | 3.57 | 4.72 | 4.28 | 3.86 | 3.72 | 3.75 | 3.26 | 3.11 | 2.26 | 3.01 | 2.72 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
| Adobe Inc. | 9.66 | 8.95 | 7.61 | 10.33 | 13.47 | 14.94 | 18.20 | 19.39 | 16.61 | 17.04 | 18.15 | 17.19 | 12.64 | 15.11 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
| Cadence Design Systems Inc. | 15.77 | 14.23 | 12.80 | 13.99 | 13.21 | 12.55 | 15.59 | 13.88 | 14.33 | 13.85 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
| CrowdStrike Holdings Inc. | 22.99 | 30.15 | 37.35 | 54.14 | 46.77 | 48.70 | 46.83 | 43.35 | 37.61 | 22.79 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
| International Business Machines Corp. | 1.89 | 1.94 | 1.99 | 1.95 | 2.10 | 1.94 | 1.82 | 1.96 | 1.83 | 1.47 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
| Intuit Inc. | 8.01 | 9.30 | 7.87 | 12.04 | 17.26 | 16.09 | 13.50 | 14.16 | 12.12 | 11.78 | 11.03 | 10.47 | 10.18 | 11.05 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
| Microsoft Corp. | 9.20 | 10.40 | 10.50 | 11.70 | 13.21 | 12.81 | 12.33 | 11.43 | 10.96 | 10.85 | 9.70 | 9.52 | 8.07 | 8.38 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
| Oracle Corp. | 4.64 | 4.25 | 4.96 | 6.62 | 5.96 | 5.38 | 4.90 | 4.53 | 4.67 | 4.33 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
| Palantir Technologies Inc. | 10.19 | 9.34 | 7.98 | 11.62 | 9.27 | 15.58 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
| Palo Alto Networks Inc. | 8.70 | 9.62 | 9.22 | 9.68 | 11.48 | 10.72 | 8.85 | 9.71 | 7.64 | 6.66 | 7.03 | 6.29 | 7.16 | 7.06 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
| Salesforce Inc. | 6.27 | 7.40 | 10.30 | 11.09 | 9.72 | 9.24 | 10.19 | 12.73 | 8.72 | 8.88 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
| ServiceNow Inc. | 12.17 | 12.75 | 12.13 | 13.36 | 16.11 | 19.02 | 24.74 | 22.46 | 20.63 | 25.66 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
| Synopsys Inc. | 10.44 | 10.03 | 11.21 | 9.86 | 9.78 | 13.22 | 11.85 | 9.27 | 10.69 | 10.08 | 9.21 | 7.59 | 6.65 | 6.27 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
| Workday Inc. | 7.91 | 11.19 | 15.28 | 13.10 | 13.09 | 13.95 | 12.07 | 14.47 | 11.23 | 10.65 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
Based on: 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2020-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2020-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2020-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2019-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2019-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2019-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2018-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2018-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2018-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2018-03-31).
1 Data adjusted for splits and stock dividends.
2 Q1 2023 Calculation
Sales per share
= (Net revenuesQ1 2023
+ Net revenuesQ4 2022
+ Net revenuesQ3 2022
+ Net revenuesQ2 2022)
÷ No. shares of common stock outstanding
= (7,040,000,000 + 7,383,000,000 + 6,846,000,000 + 6,806,000,000)
÷ 1,115,713,968 = 25.16
3 Closing price as at the filing date of PayPal Holdings Inc. Quarterly or Annual Report.
4 Q1 2023 Calculation
P/S ratio = Share price ÷ Sales per share
= 65.91 ÷ 25.16 = 2.62
5 Click competitor name to see calculations.
- Share Price Trend
- The share price demonstrated a general upward trend from March 2018 through December 2020, increasing notably from $76.03 to $269.44. The peak share price was observed around late 2020 and mid-2021, reaching highs above $280. However, subsequent periods reveal a pronounced decline, culminating in a drop to $65.91 by March 2023. This indicates a significant loss in market valuation in the most recent quarters following a period of growth.
- Sales Per Share Movement
- Sales per share data begins from March 2019, showing a consistent and steady increase across all quarters up to March 2023. Starting at $13.17, it rose incrementally each period to reach $25.16 by March 2023. This steady growth depicts improving sales performance on a per-share basis, indicative of growing revenue generation relative to the share count.
- Price-to-Sales (P/S) Ratio Dynamics
- The P/S ratio exhibits considerable fluctuation throughout the observed periods. Initially, it rose from 6.9 in March 2019 to a peak of 14.71 by December 2020, mirroring the rising share price and generally increased investor valuation relative to sales. However, following this peak, the P/S ratio underwent a sharp decline to 2.62 by March 2023, reflecting a disconnect between share price and sales growth. This decreasing ratio despite increasing sales per share suggests that the market price dropped faster than sales growth during the latest period.
- Overall Insights
- The data indicates that while operational performance, as shown by sales per share, improved steadily over the five-year period, market sentiment and valuation expressed through share price and price-to-sales ratio exhibited more volatility. The decline in both share price and P/S ratio in the last few quarters points to market challenges or changing investor perceptions that are not directly tied to sales performance. This divergence warrants further investigation into external factors or changes in profitability, costs, or market conditions impacting valuation.
Price to Book Value (P/BV)
PayPal Holdings Inc., historical P/BV calculation (quarterly data)
| Mar 31, 2023 | Dec 31, 2022 | Sep 30, 2022 | Jun 30, 2022 | Mar 31, 2022 | Dec 31, 2021 | Sep 30, 2021 | Jun 30, 2021 | Mar 31, 2021 | Dec 31, 2020 | Sep 30, 2020 | Jun 30, 2020 | Mar 31, 2020 | Dec 31, 2019 | Sep 30, 2019 | Jun 30, 2019 | Mar 31, 2019 | Dec 31, 2018 | Sep 30, 2018 | Jun 30, 2018 | Mar 31, 2018 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. shares of common stock outstanding1 | 1,115,713,968 | 1,131,373,298 | 1,140,027,732 | 1,156,475,874 | 1,158,039,929 | 1,165,004,913 | 1,174,930,172 | 1,175,032,150 | 1,174,728,054 | 1,171,175,760 | 1,171,691,809 | 1,173,299,768 | 1,173,981,657 | 1,172,955,485 | 1,174,192,449 | 1,176,675,415 | 1,174,933,013 | 1,173,209,367 | 1,178,359,088 | 1,183,672,508 | 1,187,386,825 | |||||||
| Selected Financial Data (US$) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total PayPal stockholders’ equity (in millions) | 19,858) | 20,274) | 20,264) | 19,767) | 20,603) | 21,727) | 22,090) | 20,905) | 19,441) | 20,019) | 18,483) | 17,640) | 15,967) | 16,885) | 16,483) | 16,139) | 15,157) | 15,386) | 15,115) | 15,019) | 14,641) | |||||||
| Book value per share (BVPS)2 | 17.80 | 17.92 | 17.78 | 17.09 | 17.79 | 18.65 | 18.80 | 17.79 | 16.55 | 17.09 | 15.77 | 15.03 | 13.60 | 14.40 | 14.04 | 13.72 | 12.90 | 13.11 | 12.83 | 12.69 | 12.33 | |||||||
| Share price1, 3 | 65.91 | 80.80 | 75.18 | 97.92 | 92.09 | 124.30 | 205.42 | 283.17 | 252.02 | 269.44 | 179.81 | 192.51 | 146.29 | 119.89 | 104.91 | 115.12 | 110.22 | 90.85 | 87.57 | 89.14 | 76.03 | |||||||
| Valuation Ratio | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| P/BV ratio4 | 3.70 | 4.51 | 4.23 | 5.73 | 5.18 | 6.66 | 10.93 | 15.92 | 15.23 | 15.76 | 11.40 | 12.80 | 10.76 | 8.33 | 7.47 | 8.39 | 8.54 | 6.93 | 6.83 | 7.03 | 6.17 | |||||||
| Benchmarks | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| P/BV Ratio, Competitors5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accenture PLC | 7.26 | 7.13 | 8.46 | 9.85 | 12.45 | 11.06 | 9.57 | 9.27 | 9.38 | 8.51 | 8.64 | 6.53 | 8.73 | 8.15 | 8.50 | 8.38 | 7.22 | — | — | — | — | |||||||
| Adobe Inc. | 12.24 | 11.22 | 9.10 | 12.33 | 15.78 | 15.94 | 19.07 | 20.14 | 16.77 | 16.53 | 19.27 | 19.03 | 14.08 | 16.03 | 13.41 | 14.11 | 12.97 | — | — | — | — | |||||||
| Cadence Design Systems Inc. | 19.75 | 18.46 | 16.23 | 17.49 | 15.10 | 13.68 | 17.63 | 15.94 | 15.79 | 14.90 | 13.22 | 12.81 | 10.07 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
| CrowdStrike Holdings Inc. | 34.12 | 42.67 | 50.64 | 68.13 | 55.02 | 48.91 | 43.84 | 35.86 | 28.17 | 14.78 | 14.59 | 23.58 | 235.40 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
| International Business Machines Corp. | 5.29 | 5.34 | 5.99 | 5.98 | 6.43 | 5.90 | 4.99 | 5.83 | 5.93 | 5.24 | 4.65 | 5.39 | 5.61 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
| Intuit Inc. | 6.64 | 7.20 | 5.97 | 8.81 | 18.30 | 15.71 | 12.05 | 12.32 | 18.11 | 17.71 | 15.95 | 20.02 | 19.43 | 20.00 | 15.37 | 23.25 | 18.21 | — | — | — | — | |||||||
| Microsoft Corp. | 10.77 | 12.38 | 12.40 | 13.52 | 15.32 | 15.16 | 14.67 | 13.45 | 13.07 | 13.11 | 11.75 | 11.61 | 9.87 | 10.30 | 10.10 | 8.86 | 9.14 | — | — | — | — | |||||||
| Oracle Corp. | — | — | — | — | — | 41.57 | 21.84 | 22.54 | 19.31 | 14.01 | 10.62 | 11.23 | 9.59 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
| Palantir Technologies Inc. | 7.43 | 6.94 | 6.12 | 8.63 | 6.46 | 10.48 | 21.63 | 23.50 | 19.63 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
| Palo Alto Networks Inc. | 99.68 | 252.00 | 141.27 | 399.29 | 100.84 | 71.88 | 35.40 | 35.42 | 36.65 | 20.61 | 30.82 | 12.21 | 14.24 | 12.91 | 13.49 | 22.29 | 13.10 | — | — | — | — | |||||||
| Salesforce Inc. | 2.98 | 3.37 | 4.51 | 4.70 | 5.10 | 4.73 | 5.13 | 6.42 | 4.60 | 4.48 | 4.17 | 7.74 | 7.48 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
| ServiceNow Inc. | 16.55 | 18.36 | 18.56 | 21.02 | 25.22 | 30.36 | 38.72 | 35.47 | 32.82 | 40.91 | 37.26 | 33.38 | 29.58 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
| Synopsys Inc. | 9.58 | 9.24 | 9.90 | 8.43 | 8.17 | 10.50 | 9.38 | 7.26 | 8.37 | 7.57 | 7.04 | 6.04 | 5.41 | 5.16 | 5.22 | 4.47 | 4.08 | — | — | — | — | |||||||
| Workday Inc. | 8.93 | 12.68 | 17.74 | 15.82 | 17.19 | 18.38 | 16.33 | 20.36 | 16.49 | 15.54 | 16.40 | 18.29 | 22.98 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
Based on: 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2020-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2020-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2020-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2019-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2019-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2019-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2018-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2018-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2018-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2018-03-31).
1 Data adjusted for splits and stock dividends.
2 Q1 2023 Calculation
BVPS = Total PayPal stockholders’ equity ÷ No. shares of common stock outstanding
= 19,858,000,000 ÷ 1,115,713,968 = 17.80
3 Closing price as at the filing date of PayPal Holdings Inc. Quarterly or Annual Report.
4 Q1 2023 Calculation
P/BV ratio = Share price ÷ BVPS
= 65.91 ÷ 17.80 = 3.70
5 Click competitor name to see calculations.
The share price demonstrates a clear cyclical pattern with significant fluctuations over the observed periods. Initially, from March 2018 through December 2019, it shows a steady upward trend, rising from $76.03 to $119.89. This period is characterized by moderate but sustained growth. The upward momentum accelerates markedly in 2020, peaking at $269.44 by December 2020. However, following this peak, the price declines substantially through 2022 and early 2023, reaching $65.91 by March 2023, indicating a pronounced correction or market reassessment of the company’s value.
The book value per share (BVPS) reveals a more stable and gradual increase over the entire timeline. Starting at $12.33 in March 2018, it rises steadily with minor fluctuations, reaching approximately $17.8 by March 2023. This steady increase in BVPS indicates consistent growth in the company’s net asset value per share, suggesting an accumulation of equity or retained earnings despite market volatility in the share price.
The price-to-book value (P/BV) ratio highlights the valuation dynamics relative to the company’s net asset base. It begins at 6.17 in March 2018, increases with some variability, and hits an all-time high of 15.76 in December 2020. This spike corresponds with the peak in share price, reflecting an elevated market premium over book value, possibly driven by heightened investor expectations or speculative factors. Subsequent to this peak, the P/BV ratio declines sharply, ending at 3.7 in March 2023. The lower valuation multiple towards the end of the period suggests reduced market optimism or a reassessment of future growth prospects relative to the underlying book value.
Overall, the data displays a notable divergence between market price and book value trends: while the company’s core equity value per share grows steadily, the share price experiences more volatility, likely reflecting external market conditions and investor sentiment shifts. The rising P/BV ratio through 2020 followed by a steep decline suggests a cycle of increased valuation exuberance followed by a correction to more conservative levels.