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United Parcel Service Inc. (UPS)
Analysis of Investments
Difficulty: Advanced
Investment Accounting Policy
Marketable securities are either classified as trading or available-for-sale securities and are carried at fair value. Unrealized gains and losses on trading securities are reported as investment income (expense) and other on the statements of consolidated income. Unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale securities are reported as accumulated other comprehensive income (“AOCI”), a separate component of shareowners’ equity. The amortized cost of debt securities is adjusted for amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts to maturity. Such amortization and accretion is included in investment income (expense) and other, along with interest and dividends. The cost of securities sold is based on the specific identification method; realized gains and losses resulting from such sales are included in investment income (expense) and other.
UPS periodically reviews the available-for-sale investments for indications of other-than-temporary impairment considering many factors, including the extent and duration to which a security’s fair value has been less than its cost, overall economic and market conditions and the financial condition and specific prospects for the issuer. Impairment of available-for-sale securities results in a charge to income when a market decline below cost is other-than-temporary.
Source: 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-21).
Adjustment to Net Income (Loss): Mark to Market Available-for-sale Securities
United Parcel Service Inc., adjustment to Net Income
US$ in millions
Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-21), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-21), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-21), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-25), 10-K (filing date: 2015-02-27).
Adjusted Ratios: Mark to Market Available-for-sale Securities (Summary)
United Parcel Service Inc., adjusted ratios
Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-21), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-21), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-21), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-25), 10-K (filing date: 2015-02-27).
| Ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| Adjusted net profit margin | An indicator of profitability, calculated as adjusted net income divided by revenue. | United Parcel Service Inc.’s adjusted net profit margin improved from 2016 to 2017 but then slightly deteriorated from 2017 to 2018. |
| Adjusted ROE | A profitability ratio calculated as adjusted net income divided by shareholders’ equity. | United Parcel Service Inc.’s adjusted ROE deteriorated from 2016 to 2017 and from 2017 to 2018. |
| Adjusted ROA | A profitability ratio calculated as adjusted net income divided by total assets. | United Parcel Service Inc.’s adjusted ROA improved from 2016 to 2017 but then slightly deteriorated from 2017 to 2018 not reaching 2016 level. |
United Parcel Service Inc., Ratios: Reported vs. Adjusted
Adjusted Net Profit Margin
Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-21), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-21), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-21), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-25), 10-K (filing date: 2015-02-27).
2018 Calculations
1 Net profit margin = 100 × Net income ÷ Revenue
= 100 × ÷ =
2 Adjusted net profit margin = 100 × Adjusted net income ÷ Revenue
= 100 × ÷ =
| Ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| Adjusted net profit margin | An indicator of profitability, calculated as adjusted net income divided by revenue. | United Parcel Service Inc.’s adjusted net profit margin improved from 2016 to 2017 but then slightly deteriorated from 2017 to 2018. |
Adjusted Return on Equity (ROE)
Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-21), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-21), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-21), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-25), 10-K (filing date: 2015-02-27).
2018 Calculations
1 ROE = 100 × Net income ÷ Equity for controlling interests
= 100 × ÷ =
2 Adjusted ROE = 100 × Adjusted net income ÷ Equity for controlling interests
= 100 × ÷ =
| Ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| Adjusted ROE | A profitability ratio calculated as adjusted net income divided by shareholders’ equity. | United Parcel Service Inc.’s adjusted ROE deteriorated from 2016 to 2017 and from 2017 to 2018. |
Adjusted Return on Assets (ROA)
Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-21), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-21), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-21), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-25), 10-K (filing date: 2015-02-27).
2018 Calculations
1 ROA = 100 × Net income ÷ Total assets
= 100 × ÷ =
2 Adjusted ROA = 100 × Adjusted net income ÷ Total assets
= 100 × ÷ =
| Ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| Adjusted ROA | A profitability ratio calculated as adjusted net income divided by total assets. | United Parcel Service Inc.’s adjusted ROA improved from 2016 to 2017 but then slightly deteriorated from 2017 to 2018 not reaching 2016 level. |