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Stock Analysis on Net

General Mills Inc. (NYSE:GIS)

This company has been moved to the archive! The financial data has not been updated since December 18, 2019.

Analysis of Income Taxes

Microsoft Excel

Income Tax Expense (Benefit)

General Mills Inc., income tax expense (benefit), continuing operations

US$ in thousands

Microsoft Excel
12 months ended: May 26, 2019 May 27, 2018 May 28, 2017 May 29, 2016 May 31, 2015 May 25, 2014
Federal 151,900 441,200 368,500 489,800 392,700 526,700
State and local 35,300 35,200 21,100 30,800 29,300 37,800
Foreign 84,600 85,200 81,700 114,000 139,500 146,300
Currently payable 271,800 561,600 471,300 634,600 561,500 710,800
Federal 86,700 (478,500) 201,300 123,000 70,300 159,100
State and local 21,600 15,700 10,200 (6,900) (8,700) 21,300
Foreign (12,300) (41,500) (27,600) 4,500 (36,300) (7,900)
Deferred 96,000 (504,300) 183,900 120,600 25,300 172,500
Income taxes 367,800 57,300 655,200 755,200 586,800 883,300

Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2019-05-26), 10-K (reporting date: 2018-05-27), 10-K (reporting date: 2017-05-28), 10-K (reporting date: 2016-05-29), 10-K (reporting date: 2015-05-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2014-05-25).


The total income tax expense exhibits significant volatility over the analyzed six-year period, characterized by a general downward trajectory and a notable anomaly in the 2018 fiscal year. The overall tax burden fluctuated from a peak of 883.3 million US dollars in 2014 to a period low of 57.3 million US dollars in 2018, before recovering to 367.8 million US dollars in 2019.

Currently Payable Taxes
A fluctuating but overall declining trend is observed in current tax obligations. After starting at 710.8 million US dollars in 2014, payable taxes reached a low of 271.8 million US dollars by 2019. The most significant decrease occurred between 2018 and 2019, where current tax liabilities were reduced by approximately 51.6%.
Deferred Tax Impact
Deferred taxes demonstrate extreme instability, shifting between modest expenses and a substantial benefit. While deferred taxes remained positive and relatively low between 2014 and 2017, a significant reversal occurred in 2018, resulting in a deferred tax benefit of 504.3 million US dollars. This reversal was the primary driver for the reduction in total tax expense for that year. By 2019, the deferred component returned to a positive expense of 96 million US dollars.
Aggregate Income Tax Expense
The total tax expense is heavily influenced by the interplay between currently payable amounts and deferred adjustments. The sharp decline in total expense in 2018 to 57.3 million US dollars is directly attributable to the large deferred tax benefit offsetting the current tax payable of 561.6 million US dollars. Following this trough, the total expense increased in 2019, though it remained substantially lower than the levels observed from 2014 through 2017.

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Effective Income Tax Rate (EITR)

General Mills Inc., effective income tax rate (EITR) reconciliation

Microsoft Excel
May 26, 2019 May 27, 2018 May 28, 2017 May 29, 2016 May 31, 2015 May 25, 2014
United States statutory income tax rate 21.00% 29.40% 35.00% 35.00% 35.00% 35.00%
State and local income taxes, net of federal tax benefits 2.50% 1.70% 0.80% 0.70% 0.70% 1.40%
Foreign rate differences 0.00% -2.00% -3.50% -2.20% -3.10% -0.10%
Repatriation of foreign earnings 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 4.50% 0.00%
Non-deductible goodwill 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 2.60% 0.00% 0.00%
Stock based compensation -1.20% -1.20% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
Capital loss -3.70% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
Prior period tax adjustment 0.00% 1.90% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
Domestic manufacturing deduction 0.00% -1.90% -2.80% -2.00% -2.90% -2.30%
Other, net -0.50% -0.70% -0.70% -2.70% -0.90% -0.70%
Effective income tax rate, before provisional net tax benefit 18.10% 27.20% 28.80% 31.40% 33.30% 33.30%
Provisional net tax benefit -0.40% -24.50% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
Effective income tax rate 17.70% 2.70% 28.80% 31.40% 33.30% 33.30%

Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2019-05-26), 10-K (reporting date: 2018-05-27), 10-K (reporting date: 2017-05-28), 10-K (reporting date: 2016-05-29), 10-K (reporting date: 2015-05-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2014-05-25).


The effective income tax rate (EITR) exhibited a general downward trajectory over the six-year period, transitioning from a stable 33.3% in 2014 and 2015 to 17.7% by May 2019. This decline was characterized by a gradual reduction between 2016 and 2017, followed by significant volatility in 2018 and a subsequent stabilization in 2019.

Statutory Rate Evolution
The United States statutory income tax rate remained constant at 35.00% from 2014 through 2017. A marked reduction occurred in 2018 to 29.40%, further decreasing to 21.00% in 2019, reflecting systemic changes in the federal tax environment.
Drivers of Tax Rate Reductions
Several recurring factors consistently lowered the effective tax rate below the statutory benchmark. Foreign rate differences provided a persistent downward adjustment, ranging from -0.10% in 2014 to a peak reduction of -3.50% in 2017. Similarly, the domestic manufacturing deduction consistently reduced the tax burden, fluctuating between -1.90% and -2.90% throughout most of the period.
Impact of Non-Recurring Items
Specific anomalies contributed to year-over-year variance. In 2015, the repatriation of foreign earnings increased the tax rate by 4.50%. In 2016, non-deductible goodwill added 2.60% to the rate. Conversely, 2019 saw a significant reduction due to a capital loss of -3.70%.
Analysis of the 2018 Fiscal Anomaly
The most significant deviation occurred in 2018, where the final EITR dropped to 2.70%. While the EITR before provisional adjustments was 27.20%, a provisional net tax benefit of -24.50% was applied, effectively neutralizing the majority of the tax liability for that period.
State and Local Tax Trends
State and local income taxes, net of federal benefits, showed a general upward trend. Starting at 1.40% in 2014, these taxes reached a peak of 2.50% in 2019, indicating an increasing proportional impact of regional taxation relative to the overall tax structure.

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Components of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities

General Mills Inc., components of deferred tax assets and liabilities

US$ in thousands

Microsoft Excel
May 26, 2019 May 27, 2018 May 28, 2017 May 29, 2016 May 31, 2015 May 25, 2014
Accrued liabilities 50,900 47,200 70,000 89,900 98,000 106,000
Compensation and employee benefits 196,600 210,200 419,200 491,500 536,200 546,000
Unrealized hedges — — — — 800 —
Pension 103,200 57,100 196,300 322,000 169,000 —
Tax credit carryforwards 7,300 7,400 18,400 4,500 5,600 78,900
Stock, partnership, and miscellaneous investments 104,200 147,900 276,400 353,600 384,100 427,900
Capital losses 73,100 12,900 29,800 14,500 6,100 13,000
Net operating losses 141,700 161,200 109,500 97,900 89,300 71,400
Other 71,300 52,900 85,600 84,100 74,500 117,700
Gross deferred tax assets 748,300 696,800 1,205,200 1,458,000 1,363,600 1,360,900
Valuation allowance (213,700) (176,000) (231,800) (227,000) (215,400) (221,600)
Net deferred tax assets 534,600 520,800 973,400 1,231,000 1,148,200 1,139,300
Brands (1,472,600) (1,498,700) (1,310,100) (1,311,700) (1,346,300) (1,373,400)
Fixed assets (377,800) (329,500) (484,500) (476,300) (446,500) (499,400)
Pension — — — — — (2,000)
Intangible assets (259,700) (255,100) (238,600) (221,800) (208,400) (204,200)
Tax lease transactions (23,900) (26,000) (45,800) (48,000) (50,800) (53,100)
Inventories (39,000) (38,800) (60,000) (53,000) (59,700) (60,600)
Stock, partnership, and miscellaneous investments (330,000) (317,100) (479,400) (476,000) (472,500) (470,700)
Unrealized hedges (27,900) (28,500) (45,400) (22,600) — (22,800)
Other (34,700) (30,900) (29,000) (21,200) (14,200) (45,000)
Gross deferred tax liabilities (2,565,600) (2,524,600) (2,692,800) (2,630,600) (2,598,400) (2,731,200)
Net deferred tax asset (liability) (2,031,000) (2,003,800) (1,719,400) (1,399,600) (1,450,200) (1,591,900)

Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2019-05-26), 10-K (reporting date: 2018-05-27), 10-K (reporting date: 2017-05-28), 10-K (reporting date: 2016-05-29), 10-K (reporting date: 2015-05-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2014-05-25).


The net deferred tax position shifted from a liability of 1.59 billion USD in 2014 to a liability of 2.03 billion USD by 2019. This widening of the net deferred tax liability is primarily driven by a substantial contraction in gross deferred tax assets, while gross deferred tax liabilities remained relatively stable over the analyzed period.

Deferred Tax Asset Components
Gross deferred tax assets experienced a significant downward trend, decreasing from 1.36 billion USD in 2014 to 748.3 million USD in 2019. The most pronounced declines occurred in compensation and employee benefits, which fell from 546 million USD to 196.6 million USD, and stock, partnership, and miscellaneous investments, which dropped from 427.9 million USD to 104.2 million USD. Conversely, net operating losses showed a general increase, rising from 71.4 million USD in 2014 to 141.7 million USD in 2019.
Deferred Tax Liability Components
Gross deferred tax liabilities remained comparatively stable, moving from 2.73 billion USD in 2014 to 2.57 billion USD in 2019. The liability associated with brands remained the dominant component, consistently hovering between 1.31 billion USD and 1.50 billion USD. Liabilities related to intangible assets demonstrated a steady increase, growing from 204.2 million USD in 2014 to 259.7 million USD in 2019. Liabilities for fixed assets decreased from 499.4 million USD to 377.8 million USD over the same period.
Valuation Allowance and Net Position
The valuation allowance against deferred tax assets remained relatively consistent, fluctuating between 176 million USD and 231.8 million USD. Because the valuation allowance did not decrease proportionally with the gross deferred tax assets, the net deferred tax asset decreased from 1.14 billion USD in 2014 to 534.6 million USD in 2019, further contributing to the increase in the overall net deferred tax liability.

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Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities, Classification

General Mills Inc., deferred tax assets and liabilities, classification

US$ in thousands

Microsoft Excel
May 26, 2019 May 27, 2018 May 28, 2017 May 29, 2016 May 31, 2015 May 25, 2014
Current deferred tax assets — — — — 100,100 74,100
Noncurrent deferred tax liabilities 2,031,000 2,003,800 1,719,400 1,399,600 1,550,300 1,666,000

Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2019-05-26), 10-K (reporting date: 2018-05-27), 10-K (reporting date: 2017-05-28), 10-K (reporting date: 2016-05-29), 10-K (reporting date: 2015-05-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2014-05-25).


An examination of the deferred tax positions reveals a substantial predominance of noncurrent deferred tax liabilities over current deferred tax assets. The overall financial posture is characterized by a significant long-term tax obligation that experienced periods of both contraction and expansion between 2014 and 2019.

Current Deferred Tax Assets
Available data indicates a growth in current deferred tax assets from 74,100 thousand US dollars in 2014 to 100,100 thousand US dollars in 2015, representing an increase of approximately 35%. Data for this specific item is absent for the subsequent four fiscal years.
Noncurrent Deferred Tax Liabilities
A fluctuating trend is observed in noncurrent liabilities over the six-year period. A downward trajectory was present from 2014 through 2016, where liabilities decreased from 1,666,000 thousand US dollars to a period low of 1,399,600 thousand US dollars. This trend reversed sharply starting in 2017, with liabilities climbing to 1,719,400 thousand US dollars, further increasing to 2,003,800 thousand US dollars in 2018, and reaching a peak of 2,031,000 thousand US dollars in 2019. The increase from the 2016 trough to the 2019 peak represents a growth of approximately 45%.
Net Deferred Tax Analysis
The disparity between current assets and noncurrent liabilities suggests a heavily weighted long-term liability position. The magnitude of the noncurrent liabilities consistently exceeds the reported current assets by a wide margin, indicating that the timing differences between accounting and tax treatments predominantly result in future taxable amounts rather than deductible assets.

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Adjustments to Financial Statements: Removal of Deferred Taxes

General Mills Inc., Financial Data: Reported vs. Adjusted

General Mills Inc., adjustments to financial statements

US$ in thousands

Microsoft Excel
May 26, 2019 May 27, 2018 May 28, 2017 May 29, 2016 May 31, 2015 May 25, 2014
Adjustment to Current Assets
Current assets (as reported) 4,186,500 4,123,700 4,061,400 3,937,200 3,785,700 4,393,500
Less: Current deferred tax assets, net — — — — 100,100 74,100
Current assets (adjusted) 4,186,500 4,123,700 4,061,400 3,937,200 3,685,600 4,319,400
Adjustment to Total Assets
Total assets (as reported) 30,111,200 30,624,000 21,812,600 21,712,300 21,964,500 23,145,700
Less: Current deferred tax assets, net — — — — 100,100 74,100
Total assets (adjusted) 30,111,200 30,624,000 21,812,600 21,712,300 21,864,400 23,071,600
Adjustment to Total Liabilities
Total liabilities (as reported) 22,191,800 23,355,400 16,216,200 15,559,600 15,792,900 15,156,200
Less: Noncurrent deferred tax liabilities, net 2,031,000 2,003,800 1,719,400 1,399,600 1,550,300 1,666,000
Total liabilities (adjusted) 20,160,800 21,351,600 14,496,800 14,160,000 14,242,600 13,490,200
Adjustment to Stockholders’ Equity
Stockholders’ equity (as reported) 7,054,500 6,141,100 4,327,900 4,930,200 4,996,700 6,534,800
Less: Net deferred tax assets (liabilities) (2,031,000) (2,003,800) (1,719,400) (1,399,600) (1,450,200) (1,591,900)
Stockholders’ equity (adjusted) 9,085,500 8,144,900 6,047,300 6,329,800 6,446,900 8,126,700
Adjustment to Net Earnings Attributable To General Mills
Net earnings attributable to General Mills (as reported) 1,752,700 2,131,000 1,657,500 1,697,400 1,221,300 1,824,400
Add: Deferred income tax expense (benefit) 96,000 (504,300) 183,900 120,600 25,300 172,500
Net earnings attributable to General Mills (adjusted) 1,848,700 1,626,700 1,841,400 1,818,000 1,246,600 1,996,900

Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2019-05-26), 10-K (reporting date: 2018-05-27), 10-K (reporting date: 2017-05-28), 10-K (reporting date: 2016-05-29), 10-K (reporting date: 2015-05-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2014-05-25).


An analysis of the financial adjustments reveals a consistent divergence between reported and adjusted balance sheet figures, primarily driven by the removal of deferred tax liabilities. This adjustment fundamentally alters the presentation of the entity's capital structure and solvency metrics across the period from 2014 to 2019.

Asset Adjustment Trends
Adjustments to current and total assets were present in 2014 and 2015, where adjusted figures were lower than reported values. However, from 2016 through 2019, reported and adjusted asset values became identical, indicating that the deferred tax adjustments shifted exclusively to the liability and equity accounts in the latter half of the period.
Liability and Equity Impact
A significant and persistent gap is observed between reported and adjusted total liabilities. Adjusted liabilities remain consistently lower than reported liabilities throughout the analyzed timeframe, confirming a substantial volume of deferred tax liabilities. Consequently, adjusted stockholders' equity is materially higher than reported equity in every year. By May 2019, adjusted equity reached 9.08 billion USD compared to a reported 7.05 billion USD, demonstrating that the removal of deferred taxes significantly enhances the adjusted net asset position.
Net Earnings Divergence
The relationship between reported and adjusted net earnings is inconsistent across the six-year span. In 2014, 2016, 2017, and 2019, adjusted earnings exceeded reported earnings, suggesting that tax adjustments had a positive impact on the net result. Conversely, in 2018, reported earnings of 2.13 billion USD were significantly higher than the adjusted earnings of 1.63 billion USD, indicating a reversal in the effect of tax adjustments during that specific fiscal year.
Balance Sheet Expansion
A substantial increase in the scale of the balance sheet is observed in 2018, with reported total assets rising from 21.81 billion USD in 2017 to 30.62 billion USD. This expansion was accompanied by a corresponding surge in both reported and adjusted liabilities. Despite the increase in absolute values, the gap between reported and adjusted liabilities persisted, maintaining the trend of deferred tax influence on the overall leverage profile.

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Adjusted Financial Ratios: Removal of Deferred Taxes (Summary)

General Mills Inc., Financial Ratios: Reported vs. Adjusted

General Mills Inc., adjusted financial ratios

Microsoft Excel
May 26, 2019 May 27, 2018 May 28, 2017 May 29, 2016 May 31, 2015 May 25, 2014
Current Ratio
Reported current ratio 0.59 0.56 0.76 0.79 0.77 0.81
Adjusted current ratio 0.59 0.56 0.76 0.79 0.75 0.80
Net Profit Margin
Reported net profit margin 10.39% 13.54% 10.61% 10.25% 6.93% 10.19%
Adjusted net profit margin 10.96% 10.33% 11.79% 10.98% 7.07% 11.15%
Total Asset Turnover
Reported total asset turnover 0.56 0.51 0.72 0.76 0.80 0.77
Adjusted total asset turnover 0.56 0.51 0.72 0.76 0.81 0.78
Financial Leverage
Reported financial leverage 4.27 4.99 5.04 4.40 4.40 3.54
Adjusted financial leverage 3.31 3.76 3.61 3.43 3.39 2.84
Return on Equity (ROE)
Reported ROE 24.85% 34.70% 38.30% 34.43% 24.44% 27.92%
Adjusted ROE 20.35% 19.97% 30.45% 28.72% 19.34% 24.57%
Return on Assets (ROA)
Reported ROA 5.82% 6.96% 7.60% 7.82% 5.56% 7.88%
Adjusted ROA 6.14% 5.31% 8.44% 8.37% 5.70% 8.66%

Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2019-05-26), 10-K (reporting date: 2018-05-27), 10-K (reporting date: 2017-05-28), 10-K (reporting date: 2016-05-29), 10-K (reporting date: 2015-05-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2014-05-25).


The removal of deferred taxes reveals significant discrepancies in leverage and return metrics, while liquidity and efficiency ratios remain largely unaffected by these adjustments.

Liquidity and Operational Efficiency
The current ratio and total asset turnover exhibit nearly identical values between reported and adjusted figures, indicating that deferred tax accounts have a negligible impact on these metrics. Both ratios show a general downward trend over the period. The current ratio declined from 0.81 in 2014 to 0.59 in 2019, with a notable low of 0.56 in 2018. Similarly, total asset turnover decreased from 0.77 in 2014 to 0.56 in 2019, also hitting a minimum of 0.51 in 2018.
Profitability Margins
Adjusted net profit margins were generally higher than reported margins from 2014 through 2017. A reversal occurred in 2018, where the reported net profit margin peaked at 13.54% while the adjusted margin dropped to 10.33%. By 2019, the adjusted margin again exceeded the reported margin, reflecting a more stable profit profile when deferred tax volatility is removed.
Financial Leverage
A substantial variance is observed between reported and adjusted financial leverage. Reported leverage trended upward from 3.54 in 2014 to a peak of 5.04 in 2017 before moderating to 4.27 in 2019. Adjusted leverage remained consistently and significantly lower, ranging from 2.84 to 3.76. This suggests that deferred tax liabilities contribute heavily to the reported leverage, and their removal provides a more conservative view of the company's capital structure.
Returns on Equity and Assets
The impact of deferred tax removal is most pronounced in the Return on Equity (ROE). Reported ROE reached highs of 38.30% in 2017, whereas the adjusted ROE for the same year was 30.45%. The discrepancy peaked in 2018, where reported ROE was 34.70% compared to an adjusted ROE of 19.97%. Return on Assets (ROA) demonstrates less extreme variance but generally shows higher adjusted values between 2014 and 2017, followed by a decrease in 2018 where the adjusted ROA (5.31%) fell below the reported ROA (6.96%).

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Adjusted Current Ratio

Microsoft Excel
May 26, 2019 May 27, 2018 May 28, 2017 May 29, 2016 May 31, 2015 May 25, 2014
As Reported
Selected Financial Data (US$ in thousands)
Current assets 4,186,500 4,123,700 4,061,400 3,937,200 3,785,700 4,393,500
Current liabilities 7,087,100 7,341,900 5,330,800 5,014,700 4,890,100 5,423,500
Liquidity Ratio
Current ratio1 0.59 0.56 0.76 0.79 0.77 0.81
Adjusted for Deferred Taxes
Selected Financial Data (US$ in thousands)
Adjusted current assets 4,186,500 4,123,700 4,061,400 3,937,200 3,685,600 4,319,400
Current liabilities 7,087,100 7,341,900 5,330,800 5,014,700 4,890,100 5,423,500
Liquidity Ratio
Adjusted current ratio2 0.59 0.56 0.76 0.79 0.75 0.80

Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2019-05-26), 10-K (reporting date: 2018-05-27), 10-K (reporting date: 2017-05-28), 10-K (reporting date: 2016-05-29), 10-K (reporting date: 2015-05-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2014-05-25).

2019 Calculations

1 Current ratio = Current assets ÷ Current liabilities
= 4,186,500 ÷ 7,087,100 = 0.59

2 Adjusted current ratio = Adjusted current assets ÷ Current liabilities
= 4,186,500 ÷ 7,087,100 = 0.59


An analysis of the liquidity metrics from 2014 to 2019 reveals a period of relative stability followed by a notable decline in the short-term solvency position. While current assets demonstrated a steady recovery after an initial drop, the current ratios indicate a tightening of liquidity, particularly in the final two years of the period.

Current Asset Trends
Reported current assets decreased from 4,393,500 thousand US$ in 2014 to 3,785,700 thousand US$ in 2015. Following this contraction, a consistent upward trend was established, with assets increasing annually to reach 4,186,500 thousand US$ by May 26, 2019. Adjusted current assets mirrored this pattern, although they remained slightly below reported values in 2014 and 2015 before converging completely with reported figures from 2016 through 2019.
Current Ratio Analysis
The reported current ratio fluctuated within a narrow range between 0.76 and 0.81 from 2014 to 2017, consistently remaining below 1.0. A sharp deterioration occurred in 2018, where the ratio dropped to 0.56, followed by a marginal improvement to 0.59 in 2019. This trend suggests that current liabilities increased significantly relative to current assets during the 2018 fiscal year.
Comparison of Reported and Adjusted Metrics
The impact of adjustments on the current ratio was minimal and diminished over time. In 2014 and 2015, the adjusted current ratio was slightly lower than the reported ratio, recorded at 0.80 and 0.75 respectively, compared to 0.81 and 0.77. From 2016 onward, the reported and adjusted current ratios are identical, indicating that the factors necessitating adjustments to current assets no longer materially influenced the liquidity ratios.

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Adjusted Net Profit Margin

Microsoft Excel
May 26, 2019 May 27, 2018 May 28, 2017 May 29, 2016 May 31, 2015 May 25, 2014
As Reported
Selected Financial Data (US$ in thousands)
Net earnings attributable to General Mills 1,752,700 2,131,000 1,657,500 1,697,400 1,221,300 1,824,400
Net sales 16,865,200 15,740,400 15,619,800 16,563,100 17,630,300 17,909,600
Profitability Ratio
Net profit margin1 10.39% 13.54% 10.61% 10.25% 6.93% 10.19%
Adjusted for Deferred Taxes
Selected Financial Data (US$ in thousands)
Adjusted net earnings attributable to General Mills 1,848,700 1,626,700 1,841,400 1,818,000 1,246,600 1,996,900
Net sales 16,865,200 15,740,400 15,619,800 16,563,100 17,630,300 17,909,600
Profitability Ratio
Adjusted net profit margin2 10.96% 10.33% 11.79% 10.98% 7.07% 11.15%

Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2019-05-26), 10-K (reporting date: 2018-05-27), 10-K (reporting date: 2017-05-28), 10-K (reporting date: 2016-05-29), 10-K (reporting date: 2015-05-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2014-05-25).

2019 Calculations

1 Net profit margin = 100 × Net earnings attributable to General Mills ÷ Net sales
= 100 × 1,752,700 ÷ 16,865,200 = 10.39%

2 Adjusted net profit margin = 100 × Adjusted net earnings attributable to General Mills ÷ Net sales
= 100 × 1,848,700 ÷ 16,865,200 = 10.96%


Analysis of the profitability metrics from May 2014 to May 2019 reveals a period of volatility punctuated by a significant contraction in 2015 and a notable divergence between reported and adjusted results in 2018.

Net Earnings Trajectory
Reported net earnings exhibited fluctuations, starting at 1.82 billion USD in 2014, dropping to a low of 1.22 billion USD in 2015, and peaking at 2.13 billion USD in 2018. Adjusted net earnings followed a similar downward trend in 2015 but showed more stability in subsequent years, ending the period at 1.85 billion USD in 2019.
Net Profit Margin Patterns
The reported net profit margin experienced a sharp decline to 6.93% in 2015 before recovering to exceed 10% for the remainder of the period. The adjusted net profit margin mirrored this 2015 dip, falling to 7.07%, but generally maintained a tighter range between 10.33% and 11.79% across the other five years.
Comparative Analysis of Reported vs. Adjusted Margins
A significant anomaly is observed in May 2018, where the reported net profit margin reached a period high of 13.54%, while the adjusted net profit margin dropped to 10.33%. This inversion suggests the presence of substantial non-recurring gains or tax benefits that inflated the reported figures but were excluded from the adjusted operational view. In contrast, for the majority of the observed period, adjusted margins remained higher than reported margins, indicating that non-operational expenses typically exerted downward pressure on reported profitability.

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Adjusted Total Asset Turnover

Microsoft Excel
May 26, 2019 May 27, 2018 May 28, 2017 May 29, 2016 May 31, 2015 May 25, 2014
As Reported
Selected Financial Data (US$ in thousands)
Net sales 16,865,200 15,740,400 15,619,800 16,563,100 17,630,300 17,909,600
Total assets 30,111,200 30,624,000 21,812,600 21,712,300 21,964,500 23,145,700
Activity Ratio
Total asset turnover1 0.56 0.51 0.72 0.76 0.80 0.77
Adjusted for Deferred Taxes
Selected Financial Data (US$ in thousands)
Net sales 16,865,200 15,740,400 15,619,800 16,563,100 17,630,300 17,909,600
Adjusted total assets 30,111,200 30,624,000 21,812,600 21,712,300 21,864,400 23,071,600
Activity Ratio
Adjusted total asset turnover2 0.56 0.51 0.72 0.76 0.81 0.78

Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2019-05-26), 10-K (reporting date: 2018-05-27), 10-K (reporting date: 2017-05-28), 10-K (reporting date: 2016-05-29), 10-K (reporting date: 2015-05-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2014-05-25).

2019 Calculations

1 Total asset turnover = Net sales ÷ Total assets
= 16,865,200 ÷ 30,111,200 = 0.56

2 Adjusted total asset turnover = Net sales ÷ Adjusted total assets
= 16,865,200 ÷ 30,111,200 = 0.56


The analysis of adjusted total asset turnover reveals a period of relative stability followed by a significant decline and a subsequent partial recovery between 2014 and 2019. The adjusted total asset turnover ratio peaked at 0.81 in 2015 before entering a downward trajectory that culminated in a low of 0.51 in 2018.

Asset Base Trends
Adjusted total assets remained relatively stable from 2014 to 2017, fluctuating between US$ 21.71 billion and US$ 23.07 billion. A substantial increase occurred in 2018, where adjusted total assets rose to US$ 30.62 billion, representing a significant expansion of the asset base. This figure slightly decreased to US$ 30.11 billion by 2019.
Asset Turnover Efficiency
The efficiency of asset utilization, as measured by the adjusted total asset turnover, showed a consistent decline from 0.81 in 2015 to 0.72 in 2017. The sharp increase in total assets observed in 2018 coincided with a precipitous drop in the turnover ratio to 0.51. This suggests that the growth in the asset base was not matched by a proportional increase in revenue during that period. A slight recovery to 0.56 was observed in 2019.
Reported versus Adjusted Metrics
There is a high degree of correlation between reported and adjusted metrics. Minor variances were present in 2014 and 2015, where adjusted total asset turnover was slightly higher than reported figures (0.78 vs 0.77 and 0.81 vs 0.80, respectively). From 2016 through 2019, the reported and adjusted values for both total assets and asset turnover converged, remaining identical for the remainder of the period.

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Adjusted Financial Leverage

Microsoft Excel
May 26, 2019 May 27, 2018 May 28, 2017 May 29, 2016 May 31, 2015 May 25, 2014
As Reported
Selected Financial Data (US$ in thousands)
Total assets 30,111,200 30,624,000 21,812,600 21,712,300 21,964,500 23,145,700
Stockholders’ equity 7,054,500 6,141,100 4,327,900 4,930,200 4,996,700 6,534,800
Solvency Ratio
Financial leverage1 4.27 4.99 5.04 4.40 4.40 3.54
Adjusted for Deferred Taxes
Selected Financial Data (US$ in thousands)
Adjusted total assets 30,111,200 30,624,000 21,812,600 21,712,300 21,864,400 23,071,600
Adjusted stockholders’ equity 9,085,500 8,144,900 6,047,300 6,329,800 6,446,900 8,126,700
Solvency Ratio
Adjusted financial leverage2 3.31 3.76 3.61 3.43 3.39 2.84

Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2019-05-26), 10-K (reporting date: 2018-05-27), 10-K (reporting date: 2017-05-28), 10-K (reporting date: 2016-05-29), 10-K (reporting date: 2015-05-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2014-05-25).

2019 Calculations

1 Financial leverage = Total assets ÷ Stockholders’ equity
= 30,111,200 ÷ 7,054,500 = 4.27

2 Adjusted financial leverage = Adjusted total assets ÷ Adjusted stockholders’ equity
= 30,111,200 ÷ 9,085,500 = 3.31


The analysis of financial leverage between May 2014 and May 2019 reveals a consistent divergence between reported and adjusted metrics. This variance is primarily driven by significant differences in stockholders' equity, which result in the adjusted financial leverage ratio being consistently lower and less volatile than the reported ratio.

Asset Trends
Reported and adjusted total assets followed a nearly identical trajectory over the six-year period. Assets remained relatively stable between 2014 and 2017, fluctuating within a range of 21.7 billion to 23.1 billion US$. A significant expansion occurred in 2018, with assets rising to 30.6 billion US$, followed by a slight contraction to 30.1 billion US$ in 2019.
Equity Analysis
A substantial gap is observed between reported and adjusted stockholders' equity. While reported equity experienced a decline from 6.5 billion US$ in 2014 to a low of 4.3 billion US$ in 2017, adjusted equity remained higher throughout the entire period. Adjusted equity reached its peak in 2019 at 9.08 billion US$, whereas reported equity for the same period was 7.05 billion US$, indicating that adjustments significantly bolster the equity base.
Reported Financial Leverage
The reported financial leverage ratio exhibited an upward trend for the first four years, rising from 3.54 in 2014 to a peak of 5.04 in 2017. This suggests an increase in financial risk or a higher reliance on debt relative to reported equity during this interval. Following 2017, the ratio trended downward, closing at 4.27 in 2019.
Adjusted Financial Leverage
The adjusted financial leverage ratio presents a more conservative profile, starting at 2.84 in 2014 and peaking later than the reported ratio, reaching 3.76 in 2018. By 2019, the adjusted ratio decreased to 3.31. The adjusted figures consistently mitigate the volatility seen in reported leverage, suggesting that when accounting for specific adjustments, the company's financial leverage is lower and more stable than reported figures imply.

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Adjusted Return on Equity (ROE)

Microsoft Excel
May 26, 2019 May 27, 2018 May 28, 2017 May 29, 2016 May 31, 2015 May 25, 2014
As Reported
Selected Financial Data (US$ in thousands)
Net earnings attributable to General Mills 1,752,700 2,131,000 1,657,500 1,697,400 1,221,300 1,824,400
Stockholders’ equity 7,054,500 6,141,100 4,327,900 4,930,200 4,996,700 6,534,800
Profitability Ratio
ROE1 24.85% 34.70% 38.30% 34.43% 24.44% 27.92%
Adjusted for Deferred Taxes
Selected Financial Data (US$ in thousands)
Adjusted net earnings attributable to General Mills 1,848,700 1,626,700 1,841,400 1,818,000 1,246,600 1,996,900
Adjusted stockholders’ equity 9,085,500 8,144,900 6,047,300 6,329,800 6,446,900 8,126,700
Profitability Ratio
Adjusted ROE2 20.35% 19.97% 30.45% 28.72% 19.34% 24.57%

Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2019-05-26), 10-K (reporting date: 2018-05-27), 10-K (reporting date: 2017-05-28), 10-K (reporting date: 2016-05-29), 10-K (reporting date: 2015-05-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2014-05-25).

2019 Calculations

1 ROE = 100 × Net earnings attributable to General Mills ÷ Stockholders’ equity
= 100 × 1,752,700 ÷ 7,054,500 = 24.85%

2 Adjusted ROE = 100 × Adjusted net earnings attributable to General Mills ÷ Adjusted stockholders’ equity
= 100 × 1,848,700 ÷ 9,085,500 = 20.35%


An analysis of the financial performance from May 2014 to May 2019 reveals significant volatility in both net earnings and stockholders' equity, which directly influenced the fluctuations in Return on Equity (ROE). A consistent divergence is observed between reported and adjusted figures, indicating that non-recurring items or specific accounting adjustments played a substantial role in the company's financial presentation during this period.

Net Earnings Trends
Reported net earnings exhibited considerable instability, reaching a peak of 2,131,000 thousand USD in 2018 before declining to 1,752,700 thousand USD in 2019. Adjusted net earnings followed a similar volatile trajectory but remained more stable in the later years, closing at 1,848,700 thousand USD in 2019. A notable anomaly occurred in 2018, where reported earnings significantly exceeded adjusted earnings, contrary to the pattern observed in other years.
Stockholders' Equity Dynamics
A downward trend in equity was observed between 2014 and 2017, with reported stockholders' equity falling from 6,534,800 thousand USD to a low of 4,327,900 thousand USD. This was followed by a sharp recovery in 2018 and 2019, ending at 7,054,500 thousand USD. Adjusted stockholders' equity consistently remained higher than reported equity throughout the entire period, maintaining a gap of approximately 1.5 to 2 billion USD, which suggests the impact of significant adjustments to the equity base.
Return on Equity (ROE) Analysis
Reported ROE showed a peak of 38.30% in 2017, driven by a combination of stable earnings and the lowest equity levels of the period. Conversely, Adjusted ROE peaked at 30.45% in the same year. A persistent gap is evident where reported ROE figures are generally higher than adjusted ROE figures. This discrepancy is most pronounced in 2018, where reported ROE was 34.70% compared to an adjusted ROE of 19.97%, reflecting the divergence in both the earnings and equity components for that fiscal year.
Comparative Performance Insights
The transition from 2017 to 2019 marks a period of normalization and equity growth. While reported ROE dropped from 38.30% to 24.85%, the adjusted ROE remained relatively stable between 19.97% and 20.35% during the final two years. This suggests that while the reported figures showed a sharp decline in efficiency, the adjusted performance remained consistent, indicating that the change was primarily driven by the expansion of the equity base rather than a collapse in operational profitability.

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Adjusted Return on Assets (ROA)

Microsoft Excel
May 26, 2019 May 27, 2018 May 28, 2017 May 29, 2016 May 31, 2015 May 25, 2014
As Reported
Selected Financial Data (US$ in thousands)
Net earnings attributable to General Mills 1,752,700 2,131,000 1,657,500 1,697,400 1,221,300 1,824,400
Total assets 30,111,200 30,624,000 21,812,600 21,712,300 21,964,500 23,145,700
Profitability Ratio
ROA1 5.82% 6.96% 7.60% 7.82% 5.56% 7.88%
Adjusted for Deferred Taxes
Selected Financial Data (US$ in thousands)
Adjusted net earnings attributable to General Mills 1,848,700 1,626,700 1,841,400 1,818,000 1,246,600 1,996,900
Adjusted total assets 30,111,200 30,624,000 21,812,600 21,712,300 21,864,400 23,071,600
Profitability Ratio
Adjusted ROA2 6.14% 5.31% 8.44% 8.37% 5.70% 8.66%

Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2019-05-26), 10-K (reporting date: 2018-05-27), 10-K (reporting date: 2017-05-28), 10-K (reporting date: 2016-05-29), 10-K (reporting date: 2015-05-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2014-05-25).

2019 Calculations

1 ROA = 100 × Net earnings attributable to General Mills ÷ Total assets
= 100 × 1,752,700 ÷ 30,111,200 = 5.82%

2 Adjusted ROA = 100 × Adjusted net earnings attributable to General Mills ÷ Adjusted total assets
= 100 × 1,848,700 ÷ 30,111,200 = 6.14%


The financial performance from 2014 to 2019 is characterized by volatility in net earnings and a significant expansion of the asset base, which has exerted downward pressure on return on assets (ROA) metrics.

Earnings Trends
Reported net earnings exhibited fluctuations, reaching a low of 1.22 billion USD in 2015 before peaking at 2.13 billion USD in 2018. Adjusted net earnings followed a similar volatile pattern but remained distinct from reported figures, notably staying higher than reported earnings in 2014, 2016, 2017, and 2019. A reversal occurred in 2018, where adjusted net earnings were significantly lower than reported net earnings, falling to 1.63 billion USD.
Asset Base Expansion
Total assets remained relatively stable between 2014 and 2017, fluctuating within a narrow range of 21.7 billion USD to 23.1 billion USD. However, a substantial increase is observed in 2018, with total assets rising to 30.6 billion USD, a level that was largely maintained into 2019. This sharp increase represents a significant expansion of the company's resource base.
Return on Assets (ROA) Analysis
Reported ROA declined from 7.88% in 2014 to 5.82% by 2019. While there was a recovery between 2016 and 2017, the expansion of the asset base in 2018 contributed to a downward trajectory in efficiency. Adjusted ROA showed more pronounced volatility, peaking at 8.66% in 2014 and dropping to a period low of 5.31% in 2018. The divergence between reported and adjusted ROA was most prominent in 2018, where the adjusted metric underestimated the reported return by 1.65 percentage points.
Comparative Efficiency
For the majority of the period, adjusted ROA exceeded reported ROA, suggesting that adjustments to earnings typically improved the perceived efficiency of asset utilization. The trend shifted in 2018, indicating that specific adjustments during that fiscal year negatively impacted the adjusted performance relative to the reported figures.

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