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Analysis of Goodwill and Intangible Assets
Difficulty: Advanced
- Goodwill and Intangible Assets Accounting Policy
- Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure
- Analyst Adjustments: Removal of Goodwill
- Adjusted Ratios: Removal of Goodwill (Summary)
- Adjusted Total Asset Turnover
- Adjusted Financial Leverage
- Adjusted Return on Equity (ROE)
- Adjusted Return on Assets (ROA)
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Accounting Policy
Goodwill
To determine whether goodwill is impaired, annually or more frequently if needed, UnitedHealth Group performs a multi-step impairment test. UnitedHealth Group may first assess qualitative factors to determine if it is more likely than not that the carrying value of a reporting unit exceeds its estimated fair value. UnitedHealth Group may also elect to skip the qualitative testing and proceed directly to the quantitative testing. When performing quantitative testing, UnitedHealth Group first estimates the fair values of its reporting units using discounted cash flows. To determine fair values, UnitedHealth Group must make assumptions about a wide variety of internal and external factors. Significant assumptions used in the impairment analysis include financial projections of free cash flow (including significant assumptions about operations, capital requirements and income taxes), long-term growth rates for determining terminal value and discount rates. Comparative market multiples are used to corroborate the results of the discounted cash flow test. If the fair value is less than the carrying value of the reporting unit, then the implied value of goodwill would be calculated and compared to the carrying amount of goodwill to determine whether goodwill is impaired.
There was no impairment of goodwill during the year ended December 31, 2018.
Intangible Assets
UnitedHealth Group’s intangible assets are subject to impairment tests when events or circumstances indicate that an intangible asset (or asset group) may be impaired. UnitedHealth Group’s indefinite-lived intangible assets are also tested for impairment annually. There was no impairment of intangible assets during the year ended December 31, 2018.
Source: 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-12).
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure
UnitedHealth Group Inc., Statement of Financial Position, Goodwill and Intangible Assets
USD $ in millions
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| Goodwill | |
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Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-12), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-13), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-08), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-09), 10-K (filing date: 2015-02-10).
| Item | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| Other intangible assets, net carrying value | Sum of the carrying amounts of all intangible assets, excluding goodwill, as of the balance sheet date, net of accumulated amortization and impairment charges. | UnitedHealth Group Inc.’s other intangible assets, net carrying value declined from 2016 to 2017 but then increased from 2017 to 2018 exceeding 2016 level. |
| Goodwill | Amount after accumulated impairment loss of an asset representing future economic benefits arising from other assets acquired in a business combination that are not individually identified and separately recognized. | UnitedHealth Group Inc.’s goodwill increased from 2016 to 2017 and from 2017 to 2018. |
| Goodwill and other intangible assets | Sum of the carrying amounts of all intangible assets, including goodwill, as of the balance sheet date, net of accumulated amortization and impairment charges. | UnitedHealth Group Inc.’s goodwill and other intangible assets increased from 2016 to 2017 and from 2017 to 2018. |
Analyst Adjustments: Removal of Goodwill
UnitedHealth Group Inc., adjustments to financial data
USD $ in millions
Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-12), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-13), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-08), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-09), 10-K (filing date: 2015-02-10).
UnitedHealth Group Inc., Financial Data: Reported vs. Adjusted
Adjusted Ratios: Removal of Goodwill (Summary)
UnitedHealth Group Inc., adjusted ratios
Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-12), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-13), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-08), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-09), 10-K (filing date: 2015-02-10).
| Ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| Adjusted total asset turnover | An activity ratio calculated as total revenue divided by adjusted total assets. | UnitedHealth Group Inc.’s adjusted total asset turnover deteriorated from 2016 to 2017 but then improved from 2017 to 2018 not reaching 2016 level. |
| Adjusted financial leverage | A measure of financial leverage calculated as adjusted total assets divided by adjusted total equity. Financial leverage is the extent to which a company can effect, through the use of debt, a proportional change in the return on common equity that is greater than a given proportional change in operating income. |
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| Adjusted ROE | A profitability ratio calculated as net income divided by adjusted shareholders’ equity. | |
| Adjusted ROA | A profitability ratio calculated as net income divided by adjusted total assets. | UnitedHealth Group Inc.’s adjusted ROA improved from 2016 to 2017 and from 2017 to 2018. |
UnitedHealth Group Inc., Ratios: Reported vs. Adjusted
Adjusted Total Asset Turnover
Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-12), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-13), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-08), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-09), 10-K (filing date: 2015-02-10).
2018 Calculations
1 Total asset turnover = Revenues ÷ Total assets
= ÷ =
2 Adjusted total asset turnover = Revenues ÷ Adjusted total assets
= ÷ =
| Ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| Adjusted total asset turnover | An activity ratio calculated as total revenue divided by adjusted total assets. | UnitedHealth Group Inc.’s adjusted total asset turnover deteriorated from 2016 to 2017 but then improved from 2017 to 2018 not reaching 2016 level. |
Adjusted Financial Leverage
Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-12), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-13), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-08), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-09), 10-K (filing date: 2015-02-10).
2018 Calculations
1 Financial leverage = Total assets ÷ Shareholders’ equity
= ÷ =
2 Adjusted financial leverage = Adjusted total assets ÷ Adjusted shareholders’ equity
= ÷ =
| Ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| Adjusted financial leverage | A measure of financial leverage calculated as adjusted total assets divided by adjusted total equity. Financial leverage is the extent to which a company can effect, through the use of debt, a proportional change in the return on common equity that is greater than a given proportional change in operating income. |
Adjusted Return on Equity (ROE)
Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-12), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-13), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-08), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-09), 10-K (filing date: 2015-02-10).
2018 Calculations
1 ROE = 100 × Net earnings attributable to UnitedHealth Group common shareholders ÷ Shareholders’ equity
= 100 × ÷ =
2 Adjusted ROE = 100 × Net earnings attributable to UnitedHealth Group common shareholders ÷ Adjusted shareholders’ equity
= 100 × ÷ =
| Ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| Adjusted ROE | A profitability ratio calculated as net income divided by adjusted shareholders’ equity. |
Adjusted Return on Assets (ROA)
Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-12), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-13), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-08), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-09), 10-K (filing date: 2015-02-10).
2018 Calculations
1 ROA = 100 × Net earnings attributable to UnitedHealth Group common shareholders ÷ Total assets
= 100 × ÷ =
2 Adjusted ROA = 100 × Net earnings attributable to UnitedHealth Group common shareholders ÷ Adjusted total assets
= 100 × ÷ =
| Ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| Adjusted ROA | A profitability ratio calculated as net income divided by adjusted total assets. | UnitedHealth Group Inc.’s adjusted ROA improved from 2016 to 2017 and from 2017 to 2018. |