Common Stock Valuation Ratios (Price Multiples)
Valuation ratios measure the quantity of an asset or flaw (e.g., earnings) associated with ownership of a specified claim (e.g., a share of ownership of the enterprise).
Current Valuation Ratios
LyondellBasell Industries N.V., current price multiples
| LyondellBasell Industries N.V. | Linde plc | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Selected Financial Data | |||
| Current share price (P) | $76.14 | ||
| No. shares of common stock outstanding | 335,248,065 | ||
| Growth rate (g) | 35.88% | ||
| Earnings per share (EPS) | $13.98 | ||
| Next year expected EPS | $19.00 | ||
| Operating profit per share | $15.60 | ||
| Sales per share | $116.34 | ||
| Book value per share (BVPS) | $30.60 | ||
| Valuation Ratios (Price Multiples) | |||
| Price to earnings (P/E) | 5.44 | 34.67 | |
| Price to next year expected earnings | 4.01 | 33.63 | |
| Price-earnings-growth (PEG) | 0.15 | 11.15 | |
| Price to operating profit (P/OP) | 4.88 | 26.79 | |
| Price to sales (P/S) | 0.65 | 6.54 | |
| Price to book value (P/BV) | 2.49 | 5.41 | |
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2018-12-31).
If the company price multiple is lower then the price multiple of benchmark then company stock is relatively undervalued.
Otherwise, if the company price multiple is higher then the price multiple of benchmark then company stock is relatively overvalued.
Historical Valuation Ratios (Summary)
LyondellBasell Industries N.V., historical price multiples
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2018-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2017-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2016-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2015-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2014-12-31).
| Valuation ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| P/E ratio | The P/E ratio tells analyst how much an investor in common stock pays per dollar of current earnings. | LyondellBasell Industries N.V. P/E ratio decreased from 2016 to 2017 and from 2017 to 2018. |
| P/OP ratio | Because P/E ratio is calculated using net income, the ratio can be sensitive to nonrecurring earnings and capital structure, analysts may use price to operating profit. | LyondellBasell Industries N.V. P/OP ratio increased from 2016 to 2017 but then decreased significantly from 2017 to 2018. |
| P/S ratio | An rationale for the P/S ratio is that sales, as the top line in an income statement, are generally less subject to distortion or manipulation than other fundamentals such as EPS or book value. Sales are also more stable than earnings and never negative. | LyondellBasell Industries N.V. P/S ratio decreased from 2016 to 2017 and from 2017 to 2018. |
| P/BV ratio | The P/BV ratio is interpreted as an indicator of market judgment about the relationship between a company required rate of return and its actual rate of return. | LyondellBasell Industries N.V. P/BV ratio decreased from 2016 to 2017 and from 2017 to 2018. |
Price to Earnings (P/E)
LyondellBasell Industries N.V., historical P/E calculation, comparison to benchmarks
| Dec 31, 2018 | Dec 31, 2017 | Dec 31, 2016 | Dec 31, 2015 | Dec 31, 2014 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. shares of common stock outstanding1 | 371,156,998 | 394,556,328 | 402,531,335 | 432,200,532 | 477,142,443 | |
| Selected Financial Data (US$) | ||||||
| Net income attributable to the Company shareholders (in millions) | 4,688) | 4,879) | 3,836) | 4,476) | 4,174) | |
| Earnings per share (EPS)2 | 12.63 | 12.37 | 9.53 | 10.36 | 8.75 | |
| Share price1, 3 | 88.50 | 110.83 | 92.91 | 77.93 | 89.94 | |
| Valuation Ratio | ||||||
| P/E ratio4 | 7.01 | 8.96 | 9.75 | 7.52 | 10.28 | |
| Benchmarks | ||||||
| P/E Ratio, Competitors5 | ||||||
| Linde plc | — | — | — | — | — | |
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2018-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2017-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2016-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2015-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2014-12-31).
1 Data adjusted for splits and stock dividends.
2 2018 Calculation
EPS = Net income attributable to the Company shareholders ÷ No. shares of common stock outstanding
= 4,688,000,000 ÷ 371,156,998 = 12.63
3 Closing price as at the filing date of LyondellBasell Industries N.V. Annual Report.
4 2018 Calculation
P/E ratio = Share price ÷ EPS
= 88.50 ÷ 12.63 = 7.01
5 Click competitor name to see calculations.
| Valuation ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| P/E ratio | The P/E ratio tells analyst how much an investor in common stock pays per dollar of current earnings. | LyondellBasell Industries N.V. P/E ratio decreased from 2016 to 2017 and from 2017 to 2018. |
Price to Operating Profit (P/OP)
LyondellBasell Industries N.V., historical P/OP calculation, comparison to benchmarks
| Dec 31, 2018 | Dec 31, 2017 | Dec 31, 2016 | Dec 31, 2015 | Dec 31, 2014 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. shares of common stock outstanding1 | 371,156,998 | 394,556,328 | 402,531,335 | 432,200,532 | 477,142,443 | |
| Selected Financial Data (US$) | ||||||
| Operating income (in millions) | 5,231) | 5,460) | 5,060) | 6,122) | 5,736) | |
| Operating profit per share2 | 14.09 | 13.84 | 12.57 | 14.16 | 12.02 | |
| Share price1, 3 | 88.50 | 110.83 | 92.91 | 77.93 | 89.94 | |
| Valuation Ratio | ||||||
| P/OP ratio4 | 6.28 | 8.01 | 7.39 | 5.50 | 7.48 | |
| Benchmarks | ||||||
| P/OP Ratio, Competitors5 | ||||||
| Linde plc | — | — | — | — | — | |
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2018-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2017-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2016-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2015-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2014-12-31).
1 Data adjusted for splits and stock dividends.
2 2018 Calculation
Operating profit per share = Operating income ÷ No. shares of common stock outstanding
= 5,231,000,000 ÷ 371,156,998 = 14.09
3 Closing price as at the filing date of LyondellBasell Industries N.V. Annual Report.
4 2018 Calculation
P/OP ratio = Share price ÷ Operating profit per share
= 88.50 ÷ 14.09 = 6.28
5 Click competitor name to see calculations.
| Valuation ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| P/OP ratio | Because P/E ratio is calculated using net income, the ratio can be sensitive to nonrecurring earnings and capital structure, analysts may use price to operating profit. | LyondellBasell Industries N.V. P/OP ratio increased from 2016 to 2017 but then decreased significantly from 2017 to 2018. |
Price to Sales (P/S)
LyondellBasell Industries N.V., historical P/S calculation, comparison to benchmarks
| Dec 31, 2018 | Dec 31, 2017 | Dec 31, 2016 | Dec 31, 2015 | Dec 31, 2014 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. shares of common stock outstanding1 | 371,156,998 | 394,556,328 | 402,531,335 | 432,200,532 | 477,142,443 | |
| Selected Financial Data (US$) | ||||||
| Sales and other operating revenues (in millions) | 39,004) | 34,484) | 29,183) | 32,735) | 45,608) | |
| Sales per share2 | 105.09 | 87.40 | 72.50 | 75.74 | 95.59 | |
| Share price1, 3 | 88.50 | 110.83 | 92.91 | 77.93 | 89.94 | |
| Valuation Ratio | ||||||
| P/S ratio4 | 0.84 | 1.27 | 1.28 | 1.03 | 0.94 | |
| Benchmarks | ||||||
| P/S Ratio, Competitors5 | ||||||
| Linde plc | — | — | — | — | — | |
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2018-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2017-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2016-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2015-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2014-12-31).
1 Data adjusted for splits and stock dividends.
2 2018 Calculation
Sales per share = Sales and other operating revenues ÷ No. shares of common stock outstanding
= 39,004,000,000 ÷ 371,156,998 = 105.09
3 Closing price as at the filing date of LyondellBasell Industries N.V. Annual Report.
4 2018 Calculation
P/S ratio = Share price ÷ Sales per share
= 88.50 ÷ 105.09 = 0.84
5 Click competitor name to see calculations.
| Valuation ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| P/S ratio | An rationale for the P/S ratio is that sales, as the top line in an income statement, are generally less subject to distortion or manipulation than other fundamentals such as EPS or book value. Sales are also more stable than earnings and never negative. | LyondellBasell Industries N.V. P/S ratio decreased from 2016 to 2017 and from 2017 to 2018. |
Price to Book Value (P/BV)
LyondellBasell Industries N.V., historical P/BV calculation, comparison to benchmarks
| Dec 31, 2018 | Dec 31, 2017 | Dec 31, 2016 | Dec 31, 2015 | Dec 31, 2014 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. shares of common stock outstanding1 | 371,156,998 | 394,556,328 | 402,531,335 | 432,200,532 | 477,142,443 | |
| Selected Financial Data (US$) | ||||||
| Total Company share of stockholders’ equity (in millions) | 10,257) | 8,949) | 6,048) | 6,550) | 8,314) | |
| Book value per share (BVPS)2 | 27.64 | 22.68 | 15.02 | 15.16 | 17.42 | |
| Share price1, 3 | 88.50 | 110.83 | 92.91 | 77.93 | 89.94 | |
| Valuation Ratio | ||||||
| P/BV ratio4 | 3.20 | 4.89 | 6.18 | 5.14 | 5.16 | |
| Benchmarks | ||||||
| P/BV Ratio, Competitors5 | ||||||
| Linde plc | — | — | — | — | — | |
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2018-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2017-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2016-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2015-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2014-12-31).
1 Data adjusted for splits and stock dividends.
2 2018 Calculation
BVPS = Total Company share of stockholders’ equity ÷ No. shares of common stock outstanding
= 10,257,000,000 ÷ 371,156,998 = 27.64
3 Closing price as at the filing date of LyondellBasell Industries N.V. Annual Report.
4 2018 Calculation
P/BV ratio = Share price ÷ BVPS
= 88.50 ÷ 27.64 = 3.20
5 Click competitor name to see calculations.
| Valuation ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| P/BV ratio | The P/BV ratio is interpreted as an indicator of market judgment about the relationship between a company required rate of return and its actual rate of return. | LyondellBasell Industries N.V. P/BV ratio decreased from 2016 to 2017 and from 2017 to 2018. |