Decomposing ROE involves expressing net income divided by shareholders’ equity as the product of component ratios.
Two-Component Disaggregation of ROE
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2025-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-03-31).
The analysis of the presented financial metrics reveals a notable improvement in profitability, driven by both asset utilization and increased financial leverage. Initially, the period demonstrates negative returns, but a clear upward trajectory emerges, particularly in the latter half of the observed timeframe.
- Return on Assets (ROA)
- Return on Assets consistently exhibited negative values from March 31, 2022, through December 31, 2022, reaching its lowest point at -13.94% in the December quarter. A gradual recovery commenced in 2023, with ROA improving to -5.15% by the end of the year. This positive trend continued into 2024 and 2025, culminating in a positive ROA of 4.76% by December 31, 2025. This indicates increasing efficiency in utilizing assets to generate earnings.
- Financial Leverage
- Financial Leverage demonstrated a consistent upward trend throughout the period. Starting at 1.47 in March 2022, it increased steadily to 1.96 by December 2025. This suggests an increasing reliance on debt financing, which amplifies the impact of ROA on overall returns. The increase is relatively consistent, without any abrupt changes.
- Return on Equity (ROE)
- Return on Equity mirrored the pattern of ROA, initially displaying negative values from March 31, 2022, to December 31, 2022, with a low of -20.21%. Similar to ROA, ROE began to improve in 2023 and continued its ascent through 2025, reaching 9.32% by the end of the period. The improvement in ROE is attributable to both the increasing ROA and the rising financial leverage. The magnitude of the ROE improvement is greater than the ROA improvement, demonstrating the effect of leverage.
The combined effect of improving asset utilization and increasing financial leverage has resulted in a substantial shift from negative to positive equity returns. The trend suggests a strengthening financial position and improved profitability over the analyzed period. The consistent increase in financial leverage warrants continued monitoring to ensure it remains at a sustainable level.
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Three-Component Disaggregation of ROE
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2025-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-03-31).
The analysis of the presented financial metrics reveals a significant improvement in Return on Equity (ROE) over the observed period, driven by changes in Net Profit Margin, Asset Turnover, and Financial Leverage. Initially, the company experienced negative ROE values, but these have progressively improved, culminating in positive ROE figures in recent quarters.
- Net Profit Margin
- The Net Profit Margin demonstrates a consistent upward trend. Beginning with negative values ranging from approximately -9.97% to -20.74% between March 2022 and December 2022, the margin gradually improved. This improvement accelerated from March 2023 onwards, reaching 6.57% in June 2025 and stabilizing at 6.82% to 6.83% in the final two quarters. This indicates increasing profitability from core operations.
- Asset Turnover
- Asset Turnover exhibits relative stability with a slight increasing trend. Values fluctuated between 0.57 and 0.81 from March 2022 to September 2023, then stabilized around 0.80 to 0.83 for the subsequent six quarters. A decrease to 0.70 is observed in the final two quarters, suggesting a potential slight reduction in the efficiency of asset utilization. However, the overall trend remains relatively consistent.
- Financial Leverage
- Financial Leverage shows a steady increase over the period. Starting at 1.47 in March 2022, it rose to 1.96 by December 2025. This indicates an increasing reliance on debt financing, which amplifies both profits and losses. The increase is relatively consistent, with a slight acceleration between September 2023 and December 2024.
- Return on Equity (ROE)
- ROE experienced a dramatic turnaround. Initially negative, ranging from -9.26% to -20.85% between March 2022 and December 2022, it steadily improved alongside the Net Profit Margin. Positive ROE values were first recorded in December 2023 (1.58%) and continued to grow, reaching 9.32% by December 2025. This positive trend is a direct result of the combined effects of improving profitability, relatively stable asset utilization, and increased financial leverage.
The interplay between these three components suggests a strategic shift towards improved profitability and a willingness to utilize debt to amplify returns. While increased leverage carries inherent risks, the positive trend in Net Profit Margin mitigates some of those concerns. The slight decrease in Asset Turnover in the final two quarters warrants monitoring to ensure continued operational efficiency.
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Five-Component Disaggregation of ROE
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2025-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-03-31).
The five-component DuPont analysis reveals a significant improvement in Return on Equity (ROE) over the observed period. Initially, ROE is negative, indicating a net loss relative to shareholder equity. However, a clear upward trajectory emerges, culminating in positive ROE values and continued growth through the end of the forecast period.
- Tax Burden
- The Tax Burden remains consistently high, starting at zero and increasing to approximately 0.99 by December 2025. This suggests a limited ability to shield income from taxation, or potentially, a lack of taxable income in earlier periods. The increase indicates a growing taxable income base as the company becomes profitable.
- Interest Burden
- The Interest Burden is consistently 1.00 throughout the entire period. This indicates that the company’s earnings before interest and taxes (EBIT) are sufficient to cover its interest expense, and there is no significant change in its debt financing structure or interest obligations.
- EBIT Margin
- The EBIT Margin demonstrates a substantial improvement. Beginning with negative values, reaching a low of -21.18%, it steadily increases, becoming positive by December 2022 and continuing to grow to 6.87% by December 2025. This improvement is the primary driver of the overall ROE increase, reflecting enhanced operational efficiency and profitability.
- Asset Turnover
- Asset Turnover exhibits relative stability, fluctuating between 0.57 and 0.83. A slight upward trend is observed, peaking at 0.83 in the period from March 2023 to December 2024, before decreasing slightly to 0.70 by December 2025. This suggests a consistent, though not dramatically changing, efficiency in utilizing assets to generate revenue.
- Financial Leverage
- Financial Leverage shows a consistent increase over time, rising from 1.47 to 1.96. This indicates a growing reliance on debt financing relative to equity. While increasing leverage can amplify returns, it also increases financial risk. The increase in leverage, combined with the improving EBIT Margin, contributes positively to the rising ROE.
The combined effect of these components demonstrates a significant turnaround. The improvement in the EBIT Margin is the most substantial factor driving the increase in ROE. While Financial Leverage increases, the positive trend in EBIT Margin mitigates the associated risk. The relatively stable Asset Turnover suggests that improvements in profitability are not solely attributable to increased asset utilization, but rather to more efficient operations. The consistent Tax Burden suggests that tax planning strategies have not significantly altered over the period.
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Two-Component Disaggregation of ROA
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2025-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-03-31).
The financial performance, as indicated by the two-component DuPont analysis, reveals a significant shift in profitability and efficiency over the observed period. Initially, the organization experienced negative returns on assets, driven by negative net profit margins. However, a clear trend towards improved profitability and stable asset utilization emerges in the later periods.
- Net Profit Margin
- The net profit margin demonstrates a consistent decline from March 31, 2022, to December 31, 2022, reaching a low of -20.74%. A turning point is observed starting in March 31, 2023, with a gradual increase in the margin. This improvement accelerates through the subsequent quarters, culminating in a positive margin of 6.83% by September 30, 2025, and remaining stable at 6.82% by December 31, 2025. This indicates a strengthening ability to translate revenue into profit.
- Asset Turnover
- Asset turnover exhibits relative stability throughout the period. It begins at 0.77 on March 31, 2022, dips to 0.57 by June 30, 2022, and then gradually increases to a peak of 0.83 by December 31, 2024. The ratio then stabilizes at 0.70 for the final two periods observed. This suggests a consistent, though slightly fluctuating, efficiency in utilizing assets to generate revenue.
- Return on Assets (ROA)
- Return on Assets mirrors the trends in net profit margin. Initially negative, ranging from -7.70% to -13.94% between March 31, 2022, and December 31, 2022, ROA begins to improve alongside the net profit margin. By December 31, 2024, ROA becomes positive at 0.96%, and continues to rise to 4.80% by September 30, 2025, and 4.76% by December 31, 2025. The positive correlation between ROA and net profit margin highlights the significant impact of profitability on overall asset performance. The relatively stable asset turnover contributes to the consistent improvement in ROA as profitability increases.
In summary, the organization transitioned from a period of negative profitability and returns to a state of positive and improving financial performance. The primary driver of this change appears to be the substantial improvement in net profit margin, while asset turnover remained relatively consistent, supporting the overall positive trend in ROA.
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Four-Component Disaggregation of ROA
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2025-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-03-31).
The financial performance, as disaggregated through a four-component DuPont analysis, reveals a significant improvement in Return on Assets (ROA) over the observed period. Initially, the company experienced negative ROA, but this trend reversed, culminating in positive and increasing ROA values in the later quarters. This improvement is attributable to changes in EBIT Margin, Asset Turnover, Interest Burden, and Tax Burden.
- EBIT Margin
- The EBIT Margin demonstrated a consistent pattern of improvement. Beginning with negative values ranging from approximately -9.85% to -21.18% between March 2022 and December 2022, the margin gradually increased, becoming positive at 1.51% by December 2023. This upward trajectory continued, reaching 6.87% by December 2025. The improvement in EBIT Margin is the primary driver of the overall ROA improvement.
- Asset Turnover
- Asset Turnover exhibited relative stability, fluctuating between 0.57 and 0.83 throughout the period. A slight upward trend is observable, with values generally increasing from 0.77 in March 2022 to around 0.83 in the first half of 2024, before stabilizing at 0.70 in the later quarters. While not as dramatic as the change in EBIT Margin, the increase in Asset Turnover contributed positively to the ROA improvement.
- Interest Burden
- The Interest Burden remained constant at 1.00 for all periods where it was reported, beginning in December 2022. This indicates no change in the proportion of pre-tax income required to cover interest expenses during the observed timeframe.
- Tax Burden
- The Tax Burden was initially unavailable but began to be reported in December 2022. It increased from 0.76 in December 2022 to 0.99 in December 2025, suggesting a higher proportion of pre-tax income is allocated to taxes as profitability improves. This increase in Tax Burden partially offsets the gains from improved EBIT Margin and Asset Turnover, but the overall effect on ROA remains positive.
In summary, the substantial improvement in ROA is primarily driven by the significant increase in EBIT Margin, with a supporting contribution from a modest increase in Asset Turnover. The consistent Interest Burden and increasing Tax Burden have a moderating effect, but the overall trend indicates a strengthening financial position.
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Disaggregation of Net Profit Margin
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2025-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-03-31).
The financial performance, as indicated by the presented metrics, demonstrates a clear improvement in profitability over the observed period. Initially, the company experienced significant losses, but these losses have diminished substantially, culminating in positive net income by the final quarters of the analyzed timeframe. This improvement is attributable to changes in operating efficiency and financial structure, as evidenced by the trends in EBIT margin and the consistent application of tax and interest burdens.
- Net Profit Margin
- The Net Profit Margin exhibited a consistent negative trend from March 31, 2022, to December 31, 2022, ranging from -9.97% to -20.74%. A turning point is observed starting in March 31, 2023, with a gradual increase in the margin. By December 31, 2025, the Net Profit Margin reached 6.82%, indicating a substantial shift towards profitability. The rate of improvement accelerated in the later quarters, suggesting increasing operational effectiveness.
- EBIT Margin
- The EBIT Margin mirrored the trend of the Net Profit Margin, beginning with negative values ranging from -9.85% to -21.18% between March 31, 2022, and December 31, 2022. Similar to the Net Profit Margin, the EBIT Margin began to improve from March 31, 2023, reaching 6.87% by December 31, 2025. The progression from negative to positive EBIT margins highlights a significant enhancement in core operational profitability.
- Tax Burden
- The Tax Burden remained relatively stable throughout the period for which it is reported, starting at 0.76 in December 31, 2022, and increasing to 0.99 by December 31, 2025. This suggests a consistent application of tax rates and minimal impact from changes in tax regulations or strategies.
- Interest Burden
- The Interest Burden remained constant at 1.00 for all periods reported. This indicates that the proportion of earnings allocated to interest payments has not changed, suggesting a stable capital structure and consistent debt obligations.
The disaggregation of the Net Profit Margin, through the examination of the EBIT Margin alongside the consistent Tax and Interest Burdens, reveals that the primary driver of the overall improvement in profitability is the enhanced operational performance reflected in the increasing EBIT Margin. The stable financial structure, as indicated by the constant Interest Burden, and consistent tax rate, as shown by the Tax Burden, allowed the improvements in operational efficiency to translate directly into improved net income.
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