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Microsoft Excel LibreOffice Calc

Walmart Inc. (WMT)

Analysis of Income Taxes

Advanced level

Accounting Policy on Income Taxes

Income taxes are accounted for under the balance sheet method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the estimated future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases ("temporary differences"). Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rate is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date.

Deferred tax assets are evaluated for future realization and reduced by a valuation allowance to the extent that a portion is not more likely than not to be realized. Many factors are considered when assessing whether it is more likely than not that the deferred tax assets will be realized, including recent cumulative earnings, expectations of future taxable income, carryforward periods, and other relevant quantitative and qualitative factors. The recoverability of the deferred tax assets is evaluated by assessing the adequacy of future expected taxable income from all sources, including reversal of taxable temporary differences, forecasted operating earnings and available tax planning strategies. These sources of income rely heavily on estimates.

The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act contains a provision which subjects a US parent of a foreign subsidiary to current US tax on its global intangible low–taxed income (“GILTI”). The GILTI income is eligible for a deduction, which lowers the effective tax rate to 10.5% for calendar years 2018 through 2025 and 13.125% after 2025. Walmart will report the tax impact of GILTI as a period cost when incurred. Accordingly, Walmart is not providing deferred taxes for basis differences expected to reverse as GILTI.

In determining the provision for income taxes, an annual effective income tax rate is used based on annual income, permanent differences between book and tax income, and statutory income tax rates. Discrete events such as audit settlements or changes in tax laws are recognized in the period in which they occur.

Walmart records a liability for unrecognized tax benefits resulting from uncertain tax positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. Walmart records interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in interest expense and operating, selling, general and administrative expenses, respectively, in Walmart’s Consolidated Statements of Income.

In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-02, Income Statement–Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income ("ASU 2018-02"). This ASU provides that the stranded tax effects from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 ("Tax Act") in accumulated other comprehensive loss may be reclassified to retained earnings. Walmart adopted this ASU on February 1, 2018, which resulted in an immaterial negative adjustment to retained earnings.

Source: 10-K (filing date: 2019-03-28).

Income Tax Expense (Benefit)

Walmart Inc., income tax expense (benefit), continuing operations

US$ in millions

Microsoft Excel LibreOffice Calc
12 months ended Jan 31, 2019 Jan 31, 2018 Jan 31, 2017 Jan 31, 2016 Jan 31, 2015 Jan 31, 2014
U.S. federal
U.S. state and local
International
Current tax provision
U.S. federal
U.S. state and local
International
Deferred tax expense (benefit)
Provision for income taxes

Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2019-03-28), 10-K (filing date: 2018-03-30), 10-K (filing date: 2017-03-31), 10-K (filing date: 2016-03-30), 10-K (filing date: 2015-04-01), 10-K (filing date: 2014-03-21).

Item Description The company
Current tax provision Amount of current income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to taxable income (loss) from continuing operations. Walmart Inc.’s current tax provision decreased from 2017 to 2018 and from 2018 to 2019.
Deferred tax expense (benefit) Amount of deferred income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to income (loss) from continuing operations. Walmart Inc.’s deferred tax expense (benefit) decreased from 2017 to 2018 and from 2018 to 2019.
Provision for income taxes Amount of current income tax expense (benefit) and deferred income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to continuing operations. Walmart Inc.’s provision for income taxes decreased from 2017 to 2018 and from 2018 to 2019.

Effective Income Tax Rate (EITR)

Walmart Inc., effective income tax rate (EITR) reconciliation

Microsoft Excel LibreOffice Calc
Jan 31, 2019 Jan 31, 2018 Jan 31, 2017 Jan 31, 2016 Jan 31, 2015 Jan 31, 2014
U.S. statutory tax rate
U.S. state income taxes, net of federal income tax benefit
Income taxed outside the U.S.
Disposition of Walmart Brazil
Valuation allowance
Net impact of repatriated international earnings
Federal tax credits
Other, net
Effective income tax rate, before impact of the Tax Act
One-time transition tax
Deferred tax effects
Impact of the Tax Act
Effective income tax rate

Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2019-03-28), 10-K (filing date: 2018-03-30), 10-K (filing date: 2017-03-31), 10-K (filing date: 2016-03-30), 10-K (filing date: 2015-04-01), 10-K (filing date: 2014-03-21).

Item Description The company
Effective income tax rate, before impact of the Tax Act Percentage of current income tax expense (benefit) and deferred income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to continuing operations. Walmart Inc.’s effective income tax rate, before impact of the Tax Act increased from 2017 to 2018 and from 2018 to 2019.

Components of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities

Walmart Inc., components of deferred tax assets and liabilities

US$ in millions

Microsoft Excel LibreOffice Calc
Jan 31, 2019 Jan 31, 2018 Jan 31, 2017 Jan 31, 2016 Jan 31, 2015 Jan 31, 2014
Loss and tax credit carryforwards
Accrued liabilities
Share-based compensation
Other
Deferred tax assets
Valuation allowances
Deferred tax assets, net of valuation allowance
Property and equipment
Acquired intangibles
Inventories
Other
Deferred tax liabilities
Net deferred tax assets (liabilities)

Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2019-03-28), 10-K (filing date: 2018-03-30), 10-K (filing date: 2017-03-31), 10-K (filing date: 2016-03-30), 10-K (filing date: 2015-04-01), 10-K (filing date: 2014-03-21).

Item Description The company
Deferred tax assets Amount before allocation of valuation allowances of deferred tax asset attributable to deductible temporary differences and carryforwards. Walmart Inc.’s deferred tax assets decreased from 2017 to 2018 but then slightly increased from 2018 to 2019.
Deferred tax assets, net of valuation allowance Amount after allocation of valuation allowances of deferred tax asset attributable to deductible temporary differences and carryforwards. Walmart Inc.’s deferred tax assets, net of valuation allowance decreased from 2017 to 2018 and from 2018 to 2019.
Net deferred tax assets (liabilities) Amount, after allocation of valuation allowances and deferred tax liability, of deferred tax asset attributable to deductible differences and carryforwards, without jurisdictional netting. Walmart Inc.’s net deferred tax assets (liabilities) increased from 2017 to 2018 but then decreased significantly from 2018 to 2019.

Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities, Classification

Walmart Inc., deferred tax assets and liabilities, classification

US$ in millions

Microsoft Excel LibreOffice Calc
Jan 31, 2019 Jan 31, 2018 Jan 31, 2017 Jan 31, 2016 Jan 31, 2015 Jan 31, 2014
Current deferred tax assets (included in Prepaid expenses and other)
Long-term deferred tax assets (included in Other long-term assets)
Current deferred tax liabilities (included in Accrued liabilities)
Long-term deferred tax liabilities (included in Deferred income taxes and other)

Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2019-03-28), 10-K (filing date: 2018-03-30), 10-K (filing date: 2017-03-31), 10-K (filing date: 2016-03-30), 10-K (filing date: 2015-04-01), 10-K (filing date: 2014-03-21).

Item Description The company
Long-term deferred tax assets (included in Other long-term assets) Amount, after allocation of valuation allowances and deferred tax liability, of deferred tax asset attributable to deductible differences and carryforwards, with jurisdictional netting and classified as noncurrent. Walmart Inc.’s long-term deferred tax assets (included in Other long-term assets) increased from 2017 to 2018 but then slightly decreased from 2018 to 2019.
Long-term deferred tax liabilities (included in Deferred income taxes and other) Amount, after deferred tax asset, of deferred tax liability attributable to taxable differences, with jurisdictional netting and classified as noncurrent. Walmart Inc.’s long-term deferred tax liabilities (included in Deferred income taxes and other) decreased from 2017 to 2018 but then increased from 2018 to 2019 exceeding 2017 level.

Adjustments to Financial Statements: Removal of Deferred Taxes

Walmart Inc., adjustments to financial statements

US$ in millions

Microsoft Excel LibreOffice Calc
Jan 31, 2019 Jan 31, 2018 Jan 31, 2017 Jan 31, 2016 Jan 31, 2015 Jan 31, 2014
Adjustment to Current Assets
Current assets (as reported)
Less: Current deferred tax assets, net
Current assets (adjusted)
Adjustment to Total Assets
Total assets (as reported)
Less: Current deferred tax assets, net
Less: Noncurrent deferred tax assets, net
Total assets (adjusted)
Adjustment to Current Liabilities
Current liabilities (as reported)
Less: Current deferred tax liabilities, net
Current liabilities (adjusted)
Adjustment to Total Liabilities
Total liabilities (as reported)
Less: Current deferred tax liabilities, net
Less: Noncurrent deferred tax liabilities, net
Total liabilities (adjusted)
Adjustment to Total Walmart Shareholders’ Equity
Total Walmart shareholders’ equity (as reported)
Less: Net deferred tax assets (liabilities)
Total Walmart shareholders’ equity (adjusted)
Adjustment to Consolidated Net Income Attributable To Walmart
Consolidated net income attributable to Walmart (as reported)
Add: Deferred income tax expense (benefit)
Consolidated net income attributable to Walmart (adjusted)

Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2019-03-28), 10-K (filing date: 2018-03-30), 10-K (filing date: 2017-03-31), 10-K (filing date: 2016-03-30), 10-K (filing date: 2015-04-01), 10-K (filing date: 2014-03-21).

Walmart Inc., Financial Data: Reported vs. Adjusted

Adjusted Financial Ratios: Removal of Deferred Taxes (Summary)

Walmart Inc., adjusted financial ratios

Microsoft Excel LibreOffice Calc
Jan 31, 2019 Jan 31, 2018 Jan 31, 2017 Jan 31, 2016 Jan 31, 2015 Jan 31, 2014
Current Ratio
Reported current ratio
Adjusted current ratio
Net Profit Margin
Reported net profit margin
Adjusted net profit margin
Total Asset Turnover
Reported total asset turnover
Adjusted total asset turnover
Financial Leverage
Reported financial leverage
Adjusted financial leverage
Return on Equity (ROE)
Reported ROE
Adjusted ROE
Return on Assets (ROA)
Reported ROA
Adjusted ROA

Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2019-03-28), 10-K (filing date: 2018-03-30), 10-K (filing date: 2017-03-31), 10-K (filing date: 2016-03-30), 10-K (filing date: 2015-04-01), 10-K (filing date: 2014-03-21).

Financial ratio Description The company
Adjusted current ratio A liquidity ratio calculated as adjusted current assets divided by adjusted current liabilities. Walmart Inc.’s adjusted current ratio deteriorated from 2017 to 2018 but then slightly improved from 2018 to 2019.
Adjusted net profit margin An indicator of profitability, calculated as adjusted net income divided by total revenue. Walmart Inc.’s adjusted net profit margin ratio deteriorated from 2017 to 2018 and from 2018 to 2019.
Adjusted total asset turnover An activity ratio calculated as total revenue divided by adjusted total assets. Walmart Inc.’s adjusted total asset turnover ratio improved from 2017 to 2018 but then deteriorated significantly from 2018 to 2019.
Adjusted financial leverage A measure of financial leverage calculated as adjusted total assets divided by adjusted total equity.
Financial leverage is the extent to which a company can effect, through the use of debt, a proportional change in the return on common equity that is greater than a given proportional change in operating income.		 Walmart Inc.’s adjusted financial leverage ratio increased from 2017 to 2018 and from 2018 to 2019.
Adjusted ROE A profitability ratio calculated as adjusted net income divided by adjusted shareholders’ equity. Walmart Inc.’s adjusted ROE deteriorated from 2017 to 2018 and from 2018 to 2019.
Adjusted ROA A profitability ratio calculated as adjusted net income divided by adjusted total assets. Walmart Inc.’s adjusted ROA deteriorated from 2017 to 2018 and from 2018 to 2019.

Walmart Inc., Financial Ratios: Reported vs. Adjusted

Adjusted Current Ratio

Microsoft Excel LibreOffice Calc
Jan 31, 2019 Jan 31, 2018 Jan 31, 2017 Jan 31, 2016 Jan 31, 2015 Jan 31, 2014
As Reported
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Current assets
Current liabilities
Liquidity Ratio
Current ratio1
Adjusted for Deferred Taxes
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Adjusted current assets
Adjusted current liabilities
Liquidity Ratio
Adjusted current ratio2

Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2019-03-28), 10-K (filing date: 2018-03-30), 10-K (filing date: 2017-03-31), 10-K (filing date: 2016-03-30), 10-K (filing date: 2015-04-01), 10-K (filing date: 2014-03-21).

2019 Calculations

1 Current ratio = Current assets ÷ Current liabilities
= ÷ =

2 Adjusted current ratio = Adjusted current assets ÷ Adjusted current liabilities
= ÷ =

Liquidity ratio Description The company
Adjusted current ratio A liquidity ratio calculated as adjusted current assets divided by adjusted current liabilities. Walmart Inc.’s adjusted current ratio deteriorated from 2017 to 2018 but then slightly improved from 2018 to 2019.

Adjusted Net Profit Margin

Microsoft Excel LibreOffice Calc
Jan 31, 2019 Jan 31, 2018 Jan 31, 2017 Jan 31, 2016 Jan 31, 2015 Jan 31, 2014
As Reported
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Consolidated net income attributable to Walmart
Net sales
Profitability Ratio
Net profit margin1
Adjusted for Deferred Taxes
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Adjusted consolidated net income attributable to Walmart
Net sales
Profitability Ratio
Adjusted net profit margin2

Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2019-03-28), 10-K (filing date: 2018-03-30), 10-K (filing date: 2017-03-31), 10-K (filing date: 2016-03-30), 10-K (filing date: 2015-04-01), 10-K (filing date: 2014-03-21).

2019 Calculations

1 Net profit margin = 100 × Consolidated net income attributable to Walmart ÷ Net sales
= 100 × ÷ =

2 Adjusted net profit margin = 100 × Adjusted consolidated net income attributable to Walmart ÷ Net sales
= 100 × ÷ =

Profitability ratio Description The company
Adjusted net profit margin An indicator of profitability, calculated as adjusted net income divided by total revenue. Walmart Inc.’s adjusted net profit margin ratio deteriorated from 2017 to 2018 and from 2018 to 2019.

Adjusted Total Asset Turnover

Microsoft Excel LibreOffice Calc
Jan 31, 2019 Jan 31, 2018 Jan 31, 2017 Jan 31, 2016 Jan 31, 2015 Jan 31, 2014
As Reported
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Net sales
Total assets
Activity Ratio
Total asset turnover1
Adjusted for Deferred Taxes
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Net sales
Adjusted total assets
Activity Ratio
Adjusted total asset turnover2

Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2019-03-28), 10-K (filing date: 2018-03-30), 10-K (filing date: 2017-03-31), 10-K (filing date: 2016-03-30), 10-K (filing date: 2015-04-01), 10-K (filing date: 2014-03-21).

2019 Calculations

1 Total asset turnover = Net sales ÷ Total assets
= ÷ =

2 Adjusted total asset turnover = Net sales ÷ Adjusted total assets
= ÷ =

Activity ratio Description The company
Adjusted total asset turnover An activity ratio calculated as total revenue divided by adjusted total assets. Walmart Inc.’s adjusted total asset turnover ratio improved from 2017 to 2018 but then deteriorated significantly from 2018 to 2019.

Adjusted Financial Leverage

Microsoft Excel LibreOffice Calc
Jan 31, 2019 Jan 31, 2018 Jan 31, 2017 Jan 31, 2016 Jan 31, 2015 Jan 31, 2014
As Reported
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Total assets
Total Walmart shareholders’ equity
Solvency Ratio
Financial leverage1
Adjusted for Deferred Taxes
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Adjusted total assets
Adjusted total Walmart shareholders’ equity
Solvency Ratio
Adjusted financial leverage2

Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2019-03-28), 10-K (filing date: 2018-03-30), 10-K (filing date: 2017-03-31), 10-K (filing date: 2016-03-30), 10-K (filing date: 2015-04-01), 10-K (filing date: 2014-03-21).

2019 Calculations

1 Financial leverage = Total assets ÷ Total Walmart shareholders’ equity
= ÷ =

2 Adjusted financial leverage = Adjusted total assets ÷ Adjusted total Walmart shareholders’ equity
= ÷ =

Solvency ratio Description The company
Adjusted financial leverage A measure of financial leverage calculated as adjusted total assets divided by adjusted total equity.
Financial leverage is the extent to which a company can effect, through the use of debt, a proportional change in the return on common equity that is greater than a given proportional change in operating income.		 Walmart Inc.’s adjusted financial leverage ratio increased from 2017 to 2018 and from 2018 to 2019.

Adjusted Return on Equity (ROE)

Microsoft Excel LibreOffice Calc
Jan 31, 2019 Jan 31, 2018 Jan 31, 2017 Jan 31, 2016 Jan 31, 2015 Jan 31, 2014
As Reported
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Consolidated net income attributable to Walmart
Total Walmart shareholders’ equity
Profitability Ratio
ROE1
Adjusted for Deferred Taxes
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Adjusted consolidated net income attributable to Walmart
Adjusted total Walmart shareholders’ equity
Profitability Ratio
Adjusted ROE2

Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2019-03-28), 10-K (filing date: 2018-03-30), 10-K (filing date: 2017-03-31), 10-K (filing date: 2016-03-30), 10-K (filing date: 2015-04-01), 10-K (filing date: 2014-03-21).

2019 Calculations

1 ROE = 100 × Consolidated net income attributable to Walmart ÷ Total Walmart shareholders’ equity
= 100 × ÷ =

2 Adjusted ROE = 100 × Adjusted consolidated net income attributable to Walmart ÷ Adjusted total Walmart shareholders’ equity
= 100 × ÷ =

Profitability ratio Description The company
Adjusted ROE A profitability ratio calculated as adjusted net income divided by adjusted shareholders’ equity. Walmart Inc.’s adjusted ROE deteriorated from 2017 to 2018 and from 2018 to 2019.

Adjusted Return on Assets (ROA)

Microsoft Excel LibreOffice Calc
Jan 31, 2019 Jan 31, 2018 Jan 31, 2017 Jan 31, 2016 Jan 31, 2015 Jan 31, 2014
As Reported
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Consolidated net income attributable to Walmart
Total assets
Profitability Ratio
ROA1
Adjusted for Deferred Taxes
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Adjusted consolidated net income attributable to Walmart
Adjusted total assets
Profitability Ratio
Adjusted ROA2

Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2019-03-28), 10-K (filing date: 2018-03-30), 10-K (filing date: 2017-03-31), 10-K (filing date: 2016-03-30), 10-K (filing date: 2015-04-01), 10-K (filing date: 2014-03-21).

2019 Calculations

1 ROA = 100 × Consolidated net income attributable to Walmart ÷ Total assets
= 100 × ÷ =

2 Adjusted ROA = 100 × Adjusted consolidated net income attributable to Walmart ÷ Adjusted total assets
= 100 × ÷ =

Profitability ratio Description The company
Adjusted ROA A profitability ratio calculated as adjusted net income divided by adjusted total assets. Walmart Inc.’s adjusted ROA deteriorated from 2017 to 2018 and from 2018 to 2019.