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Analysis of Property, Plant and Equipment
Difficulty: Advanced
Property, Plant and Equipment Disclosure
General Dynamics Corp., Statement of Financial Position, Property, Plant and Equipment
USD $ in millions
| Dec 31, 2017 | Dec 31, 2016 | Dec 31, 2015 | Dec 31, 2014 | Dec 31, 2013 | ||
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Source: Based on data from General Dynamics Corp. Annual Reports
| Item | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| Machinery and equipment | Carrying amount as of the balance sheet date of long-lived, depreciable asset used in production process to produce goods and services. | General Dynamics Corp.'s machinery and equipment increased from 2015 to 2016 and from 2016 to 2017. |
| Buildings and improvements | Carrying amount as of the balance sheet date of long-lived, depreciable assets that include building structures held for productive use including any addition, improvement, or renovation to the structure, such as interior masonry, interior flooring, electrical, and plumbing. | General Dynamics Corp.'s buildings and improvements increased from 2015 to 2016 and from 2016 to 2017. |
| Land and improvements | Real estate assets held for productive use and depreciable assets that are an addition or improvement to real estate held for productive use. | General Dynamics Corp.'s land and improvements increased from 2015 to 2016 and from 2016 to 2017. |
| Construction in process | Carrying amount at the balance sheet date of long-lived asset under construction that include construction costs to date on capital projects that have not been completed and assets being constructed that are not ready to be placed into service. | General Dynamics Corp.'s construction in process declined from 2015 to 2016 but then increased from 2016 to 2017 exceeding 2015 level. |
| PP&E, gross | Carrying amount at the balance sheet date for long-lived physical assets used in the normal conduct of business and not intended for resale. This can include land, physical structures, machinery, vehicles, furniture, computer equipment, construction in progress, and similar items. Amount does not include depreciation. | General Dynamics Corp.'s pP&E, gross increased from 2015 to 2016 and from 2016 to 2017. |
| PP&E, net | Tangible assets that are held by an entity for use in the production or supply of goods and services, for rental to others, or for administrative purposes and that are expected to provide economic benefit for more than one year; net of accumulated depreciation. Examples include land, buildings, and production equipment. | General Dynamics Corp.'s pP&E, net increased from 2015 to 2016 and from 2016 to 2017. |
Property, Plant and Equipment Ratios (Summary)
General Dynamics Corp., Property, Plant and Equipment Ratios
| Ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| Average age | As long as straight-line depreciation is used, this is an accurate estimate of asset age as a percentage of depreciable life. The relative age is a useful measure of whether the company's fixed asset base is old or new. Newer assets are likely to be more efficient. | General Dynamics Corp.'s average age of depreciable property, plant and equipment deteriorated from 2015 to 2016 and from 2016 to 2017. |
| Estimated total useful life | Over longer time periods, this ratio is a useful measure of company's depreciation policy and can be used for comparisons with competitors. | General Dynamics Corp.'s estimated total useful life of depreciable property, plant and equipment increased from 2015 to 2016 and from 2016 to 2017. |
| Estimated time elapsed since purchase | The approximate age in years of a company's fixed assets. Useful for comparison purposes. | General Dynamics Corp.'s estimated time elapsed since purchase of depreciable property, plant and equipment deteriorated from 2015 to 2016 and from 2016 to 2017. |
| Estimated remaining life | General Dynamics Corp.'s estimated remaining life of depreciable property, plant and equipment declined from 2015 to 2016 but then increased from 2016 to 2017 exceeding 2015 level. |
Average Age
| Dec 31, 2017 | Dec 31, 2016 | Dec 31, 2015 | Dec 31, 2014 | Dec 31, 2013 | ||
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| Selected Financial Data (USD $ in millions) | ||||||
| Accumulated depreciation | |
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| PP&E, gross | |
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| Average age1 | % |
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2017 Calculations
1 Average age = 100 × Accumulated depreciation ÷ (PP&E, gross – Land and improvements)
= 100 × ÷ ( – ) = %
| Ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| Average age | As long as straight-line depreciation is used, this is an accurate estimate of asset age as a percentage of depreciable life. The relative age is a useful measure of whether the company's fixed asset base is old or new. Newer assets are likely to be more efficient. | General Dynamics Corp.'s average age of depreciable property, plant and equipment deteriorated from 2015 to 2016 and from 2016 to 2017. |
Estimated Total Useful Life
2017 Calculations
1 Estimated total useful life (years) = (PP&E, gross – Land and improvements) ÷ Depreciation of property, plant and equipment
= ( – ) ÷ =
| Ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| Estimated total useful life | Over longer time periods, this ratio is a useful measure of company's depreciation policy and can be used for comparisons with competitors. | General Dynamics Corp.'s estimated total useful life of depreciable property, plant and equipment increased from 2015 to 2016 and from 2016 to 2017. |
Estimated Age, Time Elapsed Since Purchase
2017 Calculations
1 Time elapsed since purchase (years) = Accumulated depreciation ÷ Depreciation of property, plant and equipment
= ÷ =
| Ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| Estimated time elapsed since purchase | The approximate age in years of a company's fixed assets. Useful for comparison purposes. | General Dynamics Corp.'s estimated time elapsed since purchase of depreciable property, plant and equipment deteriorated from 2015 to 2016 and from 2016 to 2017. |
Estimated Remaining Life
2017 Calculations
1 Estimated remaining life (years) = (PP&E, net – Land and improvements) ÷ Depreciation of property, plant and equipment
= ( – ) ÷ =
| Ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| Estimated remaining life | General Dynamics Corp.'s estimated remaining life of depreciable property, plant and equipment declined from 2015 to 2016 but then increased from 2016 to 2017 exceeding 2015 level. |
