Liquidity ratios measure the company ability to meet its short-term obligations.
Liquidity Ratios (Summary)
| Dec 31, 2021 | Dec 31, 2020 | Dec 31, 2019 | Dec 31, 2018 | Dec 31, 2017 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Current ratio | 2.20 | 1.93 | 2.58 | 2.02 | 2.29 | |
| Quick ratio | 1.33 | 1.14 | 1.66 | 1.25 | 1.43 | |
| Cash ratio | 0.66 | 0.60 | 1.01 | 0.77 | 0.80 |
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2018-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2017-12-31).
The liquidity profile from 2017 to 2021 exhibits a pattern of overall stability characterized by moderate fluctuations. Short-term solvency remains robust, as all primary liquidity metrics consistently exceed the thresholds required to meet immediate obligations, despite a visible dip across all ratios in 2020.
- Current Ratio
- A fluctuating trend is observed, with the ratio starting at 2.29 in 2017 and reaching a peak of 2.58 in 2019. A contraction to 1.93 occurred in 2020, followed by a recovery to 2.20 by the end of 2021. The consistency of this ratio above 1.90 indicates a strong margin of safety for meeting short-term liabilities.
- Quick Ratio
- The quick ratio mirrors the trajectory of the current ratio, maintaining values above 1.0 throughout the analysis period. It increased from 1.43 in 2017 to 1.66 in 2019, before declining to 1.14 in 2020 and recovering to 1.33 in 2021. This suggests that the entity maintains sufficient liquid assets to cover obligations without relying on the sale of inventory.
- Cash Ratio
- The cash ratio demonstrates the highest level of volatility among the three metrics. A peak of 1.01 was reached in 2019, marking the only period where cash and cash equivalents alone were sufficient to cover all current liabilities. A significant decline to 0.60 in 2020 was followed by a marginal increase to 0.66 in 2021, reflecting shifts in the immediate cash position relative to short-term debt.
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Current Ratio
| Dec 31, 2021 | Dec 31, 2020 | Dec 31, 2019 | Dec 31, 2018 | Dec 31, 2017 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions) | ||||||
| Current assets | 10,017) | 9,707) | 11,360) | 9,733) | 7,993) | |
| Current liabilities | 4,549) | 5,041) | 4,400) | 4,807) | 3,485) | |
| Liquidity Ratio | ||||||
| Current ratio1 | 2.20 | 1.93 | 2.58 | 2.02 | 2.29 | |
| Benchmarks | ||||||
| Current Ratio, Competitors2 | ||||||
| Abbott Laboratories | 1.85 | — | — | — | — | |
| Elevance Health Inc. | 1.47 | — | — | — | — | |
| Intuitive Surgical Inc. | 5.08 | — | — | — | — | |
| Medtronic PLC | 2.65 | — | — | — | — | |
| UnitedHealth Group Inc. | 0.79 | — | — | — | — | |
| Current Ratio, Sector | ||||||
| Health Care Equipment & Services | 1.22 | — | — | — | — | |
| Current Ratio, Industry | ||||||
| Health Care | 1.31 | — | — | — | — | |
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2018-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2017-12-31).
1 2021 Calculation
Current ratio = Current assets ÷ Current liabilities
= 10,017 ÷ 4,549 = 2.20
2 Click competitor name to see calculations.
The liquidity position from 2017 to 2021 demonstrates a consistent capacity to meet short-term obligations, as the current ratio remained well above 1.0 throughout the entire period. While the figures exhibit some volatility, the overall solvency profile remains robust.
- Current Asset Trends
- Current assets showed a steady increase from 7,993 million US$ in 2017 to a peak of 11,360 million US$ in 2019. This growth trend reversed in 2020, with assets declining to 9,707 million US$, before experiencing a modest recovery to 10,017 million US$ by the end of 2021.
- Current Liability Dynamics
- Current liabilities experienced significant fluctuations, rising from 3,485 million US$ in 2017 to 4,807 million US$ in 2018. Following a reduction to 4,400 million US$ in 2019, liabilities reached a five-year maximum of 5,041 million US$ in 2020, subsequently decreasing to 4,549 million US$ in 2021.
- Current Ratio Performance
- The current ratio shifted between 1.93 and 2.58. The peak observed in 2019 (2.58) was the result of maximized current assets paired with a temporary reduction in liabilities. Conversely, the period's lowest point occurred in 2020 (1.93), driven by a simultaneous decrease in current assets and an increase in current liabilities. By 2021, the ratio improved to 2.20, indicating a return toward historical averages and a stabilized short-term financial position.
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Quick Ratio
| Dec 31, 2021 | Dec 31, 2020 | Dec 31, 2019 | Dec 31, 2018 | Dec 31, 2017 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions) | ||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | 2,944) | 2,943) | 4,337) | 3,616) | 2,542) | |
| Marketable securities | 75) | 81) | 88) | 83) | 251) | |
| Accounts receivable, less allowance | 3,022) | 2,701) | 2,893) | 2,332) | 2,198) | |
| Total quick assets | 6,041) | 5,725) | 7,318) | 6,031) | 4,991) | |
| Current liabilities | 4,549) | 5,041) | 4,400) | 4,807) | 3,485) | |
| Liquidity Ratio | ||||||
| Quick ratio1 | 1.33 | 1.14 | 1.66 | 1.25 | 1.43 | |
| Benchmarks | ||||||
| Quick Ratio, Competitors2 | ||||||
| Abbott Laboratories | 1.28 | — | — | — | — | |
| Elevance Health Inc. | 1.33 | — | — | — | — | |
| Intuitive Surgical Inc. | 4.34 | — | — | — | — | |
| Medtronic PLC | 1.91 | — | — | — | — | |
| UnitedHealth Group Inc. | 0.72 | — | — | — | — | |
| Quick Ratio, Sector | ||||||
| Health Care Equipment & Services | 1.04 | — | — | — | — | |
| Quick Ratio, Industry | ||||||
| Health Care | 1.00 | — | — | — | — | |
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2018-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2017-12-31).
1 2021 Calculation
Quick ratio = Total quick assets ÷ Current liabilities
= 6,041 ÷ 4,549 = 1.33
2 Click competitor name to see calculations.
The analysis of liquidity metrics from 2017 to 2021 reveals a fluctuating but stable capacity to meet short-term obligations. Throughout the five-year period, the quick ratio remained consistently above 1.0, indicating that liquid assets were sufficient to cover current liabilities without reliance on the sale of inventory.
- Quick Asset Trends
- Total quick assets exhibited an upward trajectory between 2017 and 2019, reaching a peak of US$ 7,318 million. A notable contraction occurred in 2020, with assets decreasing to US$ 5,725 million, followed by a partial recovery to US$ 6,041 million in 2021.
- Current Liability Dynamics
- Current liabilities showed significant volatility, rising from US$ 3,485 million in 2017 to a high of US$ 5,041 million in 2020. A reduction to US$ 4,549 million by the end of 2021 suggests a tightening of short-term obligations toward the end of the analyzed period.
- Quick Ratio Volatility
- The quick ratio experienced a peak of 1.66 in 2019, driven by the growth in liquid assets. The lowest liquidity position was recorded in 2020 at 1.14, resulting from the simultaneous decline in quick assets and an increase in current liabilities. The ratio stabilized at 1.33 in 2021, reflecting a recovery in the organization's immediate liquidity position.
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Cash Ratio
| Dec 31, 2021 | Dec 31, 2020 | Dec 31, 2019 | Dec 31, 2018 | Dec 31, 2017 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions) | ||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | 2,944) | 2,943) | 4,337) | 3,616) | 2,542) | |
| Marketable securities | 75) | 81) | 88) | 83) | 251) | |
| Total cash assets | 3,019) | 3,024) | 4,425) | 3,699) | 2,793) | |
| Current liabilities | 4,549) | 5,041) | 4,400) | 4,807) | 3,485) | |
| Liquidity Ratio | ||||||
| Cash ratio1 | 0.66 | 0.60 | 1.01 | 0.77 | 0.80 | |
| Benchmarks | ||||||
| Cash Ratio, Competitors2 | ||||||
| Abbott Laboratories | 0.78 | — | — | — | — | |
| Elevance Health Inc. | 0.95 | — | — | — | — | |
| Intuitive Surgical Inc. | 3.66 | — | — | — | — | |
| Medtronic PLC | 1.27 | — | — | — | — | |
| UnitedHealth Group Inc. | 0.36 | — | — | — | — | |
| Cash Ratio, Sector | ||||||
| Health Care Equipment & Services | 0.64 | — | — | — | — | |
| Cash Ratio, Industry | ||||||
| Health Care | 0.60 | — | — | — | — | |
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2018-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2017-12-31).
1 2021 Calculation
Cash ratio = Total cash assets ÷ Current liabilities
= 3,019 ÷ 4,549 = 0.66
2 Click competitor name to see calculations.
An evaluation of the company's immediate liquidity from 2017 to 2021 reveals a period of volatility in the cash ratio, characterized by a peak in 2019 followed by a significant contraction and a marginal recovery in the final year.
- Cash Asset Fluctuations
- Total cash assets exhibited a steady upward trajectory between 2017 and 2019, rising from US$ 2,793 million to a peak of US$ 4,425 million. This growth trend reversed sharply in 2020, with assets declining to US$ 3,024 million and remaining relatively stagnant through December 31, 2021.
- Current Liabilities Dynamics
- Current liabilities showed inconsistent movement, increasing from US$ 3,485 million in 2017 to a period high of US$ 5,041 million in 2020. A subsequent reduction to US$ 4,549 million by the end of 2021 helped mitigate the impact of stagnant cash reserves on the overall liquidity ratio.
- Cash Ratio Interpretation
- The cash ratio transitioned from 0.80 in 2017 to 1.01 in 2019, marking the only point in the observed period where cash assets fully covered current liabilities. A substantial decline occurred in 2020, where the ratio fell to its lowest point of 0.60. By the end of 2021, a slight recovery to 0.66 was observed, primarily driven by the reduction in current liabilities rather than an accumulation of additional cash.
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