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General Motors Co. (GM)
Analysis of Goodwill and Intangible Assets
Difficulty: Advanced
- Goodwill and Intangible Assets Accounting Policy
- Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure
- Analyst Adjustments: Removal of Goodwill
- Adjusted Ratios: Removal of Goodwill (Summary)
- Adjusted Net Profit Margin
- Adjusted Total Asset Turnover
- Adjusted Financial Leverage
- Adjusted Return on Equity (ROE)
- Adjusted Return on Assets (ROA)
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Accounting Policy
Goodwill
Goodwill is not amortized but rather tested for impairment annually on October 1 or when events occur or circumstances change that would trigger such a review. The impairment test entails an assessment of qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that an impairment exists. If it is more likely than not that an impairment exists, then a quantitative impairment test is performed. Impairment exists when the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value.
Intangible Assets, net
Intangible assets, excluding goodwill, primarily include brand names, technology and intellectual property, customer relationships and dealer networks. Intangible assets are amortized on a straight-line or an accelerated method of amortization over their estimated useful lives. An accelerated amortization method reflecting the pattern in which the asset will be consumed is utilized if that pattern can be reliably determined. General Motors considers the period of expected cash flows and underlying data used to measure the fair value of the intangible assets when selecting a useful life. Amortization of developed technology and intellectual property is recorded in Automotive and other cost of sales. Amortization of brand names, customer relationships and General Motors’ dealer networks is recorded in Automotive and other selling, general and administrative expense or GM Financial interest, operating and other expenses. Impairment charges, if any, related to intangible assets are recorded in Automotive and other selling, general and administrative expense or Automotive and other cost of sales.
Source: 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-06).
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure
General Motors Co., balance sheet: goodwill and intangible assets
US$ in millions
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| Intangible assets, net carrying amount | |
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| Goodwill | |
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| Goodwill and intangible assets, net | |
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Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-06), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-06), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-07), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-03), 10-K (filing date: 2015-02-04).
| Item | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| Intangible assets, net carrying amount | Sum of the carrying amounts of all intangible assets, excluding goodwill, as of the balance sheet date, net of accumulated amortization and impairment charges. | General Motors Co.’s intangible assets, net carrying amount declined from 2016 to 2017 and from 2017 to 2018. |
| Goodwill | Amount after accumulated impairment loss of an asset representing future economic benefits arising from other assets acquired in a business combination that are not individually identified and separately recognized. | General Motors Co.’s goodwill declined from 2016 to 2017 but then slightly increased from 2017 to 2018. |
| Goodwill and intangible assets, net | Sum of the carrying amounts of all intangible assets, including goodwill, as of the balance sheet date, net of accumulated amortization and impairment charges. | General Motors Co.’s goodwill and intangible assets, net declined from 2016 to 2017 and from 2017 to 2018. |
Analyst Adjustments: Removal of Goodwill
General Motors Co., adjustments to financial data
US$ in millions
Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-06), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-06), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-07), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-03), 10-K (filing date: 2015-02-04).
General Motors Co., Financial Data: Reported vs. Adjusted
Adjusted Ratios: Removal of Goodwill (Summary)
General Motors Co., adjusted ratios
Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-06), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-06), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-07), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-03), 10-K (filing date: 2015-02-04).
| Ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| Adjusted net profit margin | An indicator of profitability, calculated as adjusted net income divided by revenue. | General Motors Co.’s adjusted net profit margin deteriorated from 2016 to 2017 but then improved from 2017 to 2018 exceeding 2016 level. |
| Adjusted total asset turnover | An activity ratio calculated as total revenue divided by adjusted total assets. | General Motors Co.’s adjusted total asset turnover deteriorated from 2016 to 2017 and from 2017 to 2018. |
| Adjusted financial leverage | A measure of financial leverage calculated as adjusted total assets divided by adjusted total equity. Financial leverage is the extent to which a company can effect, through the use of debt, a proportional change in the return on common equity that is greater than a given proportional change in operating income. |
General Motors Co.’s adjusted financial leverage increased from 2016 to 2017 but then slightly declined from 2017 to 2018. |
| Adjusted ROE | A profitability ratio calculated as adjusted net income divided by adjusted shareholders’ equity. | General Motors Co.’s adjusted ROE deteriorated from 2016 to 2017 but then improved from 2017 to 2018 not reaching 2016 level. |
| Adjusted ROA | A profitability ratio calculated as adjusted net income divided by adjusted total assets. | General Motors Co.’s adjusted ROA deteriorated from 2016 to 2017 but then improved from 2017 to 2018 not reaching 2016 level. |
General Motors Co., Ratios: Reported vs. Adjusted
Adjusted Net Profit Margin
Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-06), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-06), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-07), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-03), 10-K (filing date: 2015-02-04).
2018 Calculations
1 Net profit margin = 100 × Net income (loss) attributable to stockholders ÷ Automotive net sales and revenue
= 100 × ÷ =
2 Adjusted net profit margin = 100 × Adjusted net income (loss) attributable to stockholders ÷ Automotive net sales and revenue
= 100 × ÷ =
| Ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| Adjusted net profit margin | An indicator of profitability, calculated as adjusted net income divided by revenue. | General Motors Co.’s adjusted net profit margin deteriorated from 2016 to 2017 but then improved from 2017 to 2018 exceeding 2016 level. |
Adjusted Total Asset Turnover
Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-06), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-06), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-07), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-03), 10-K (filing date: 2015-02-04).
2018 Calculations
1 Total asset turnover = Automotive net sales and revenue ÷ Total assets
= ÷ =
2 Adjusted total asset turnover = Automotive net sales and revenue ÷ Adjusted total assets
= ÷ =
| Ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| Adjusted total asset turnover | An activity ratio calculated as total revenue divided by adjusted total assets. | General Motors Co.’s adjusted total asset turnover deteriorated from 2016 to 2017 and from 2017 to 2018. |
Adjusted Financial Leverage
Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-06), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-06), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-07), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-03), 10-K (filing date: 2015-02-04).
2018 Calculations
1 Financial leverage = Total assets ÷ Stockholders’ equity
= ÷ =
2 Adjusted financial leverage = Adjusted total assets ÷ Adjusted stockholders’ equity
= ÷ =
| Ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| Adjusted financial leverage | A measure of financial leverage calculated as adjusted total assets divided by adjusted total equity. Financial leverage is the extent to which a company can effect, through the use of debt, a proportional change in the return on common equity that is greater than a given proportional change in operating income. |
General Motors Co.’s adjusted financial leverage increased from 2016 to 2017 but then slightly declined from 2017 to 2018. |
Adjusted Return on Equity (ROE)
Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-06), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-06), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-07), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-03), 10-K (filing date: 2015-02-04).
2018 Calculations
1 ROE = 100 × Net income (loss) attributable to stockholders ÷ Stockholders’ equity
= 100 × ÷ =
2 Adjusted ROE = 100 × Adjusted net income (loss) attributable to stockholders ÷ Adjusted stockholders’ equity
= 100 × ÷ =
| Ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| Adjusted ROE | A profitability ratio calculated as adjusted net income divided by adjusted shareholders’ equity. | General Motors Co.’s adjusted ROE deteriorated from 2016 to 2017 but then improved from 2017 to 2018 not reaching 2016 level. |
Adjusted Return on Assets (ROA)
Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-06), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-06), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-07), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-03), 10-K (filing date: 2015-02-04).
2018 Calculations
1 ROA = 100 × Net income (loss) attributable to stockholders ÷ Total assets
= 100 × ÷ =
2 Adjusted ROA = 100 × Adjusted net income (loss) attributable to stockholders ÷ Adjusted total assets
= 100 × ÷ =
| Ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| Adjusted ROA | A profitability ratio calculated as adjusted net income divided by adjusted total assets. | General Motors Co.’s adjusted ROA deteriorated from 2016 to 2017 but then improved from 2017 to 2018 not reaching 2016 level. |