Microsoft Excel LibreOffice Calc

Caterpillar Inc. (NYSE:CAT)

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Analysis of Inventory

Advanced level

Inventory Disclosure

Caterpillar Inc., balance sheet: inventory

US$ in millions

Microsoft Excel LibreOffice Calc
Dec 31, 2019 Dec 31, 2018 Dec 31, 2017 Dec 31, 2016 Dec 31, 2015
Raw materials
Work-in-process
Finished goods
Supplies
Inventories

Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2020-02-19), 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-14), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-15), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-15), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-16).

Item Description The company
Inventories Amount after valuation and LIFO reserves of inventory expected to be sold, or consumed within one year or operating cycle, if longer. Caterpillar Inc.’s inventories increased from 2017 to 2018 but then slightly decreased from 2018 to 2019.

Adjustment to Inventory: Conversion from LIFO to FIFO

Adjusting LIFO Inventory to FIFO (Current) Cost

US$ in millions

Microsoft Excel LibreOffice Calc
Dec 31, 2019 Dec 31, 2018 Dec 31, 2017 Dec 31, 2016 Dec 31, 2015
Adjustment to Inventories
Inventories at LIFO (as reported)
Add: Inventory LIFO reserve
Inventories at FIFO (adjusted)
Adjustment to Current Assets
Current assets (as reported)
Add: Inventory LIFO reserve
Current assets (adjusted)
Adjustment to Total Assets
Total assets (as reported)
Add: Inventory LIFO reserve
Total assets (adjusted)
Adjustment to Equity Attributable To Common Stockholders
Equity attributable to common stockholders (as reported)
Add: Inventory LIFO reserve
Equity attributable to common stockholders (adjusted)
Adjustment to Profit (loss) Attributable To Common Stockholders
Profit (loss) attributable to common stockholders (as reported)
Add: Increase (decrease) in inventory LIFO reserve
Profit (loss) attributable to common stockholders (adjusted)

Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2020-02-19), 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-14), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-15), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-15), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-16).

Caterpillar Inc.’s inventory value on Dec 31, 2019 would be $13,352  (in millions) if the FIFO inventory method was used instead of LIFO. Caterpillar Inc.’s inventories, valued on a LIFO basis, on Dec 31, 2019 were $11,266 . Caterpillar Inc.’s inventories would have been $2,086  higher than reported on Dec 31, 2019 if the FIFO method had been used instead.

Caterpillar Inc., Financial Data: Reported vs. Adjusted

Adjusted Financial Ratios: LIFO vs. FIFO (Summary)

Caterpillar Inc., adjusted financial ratios

Microsoft Excel LibreOffice Calc
Dec 31, 2019 Dec 31, 2018 Dec 31, 2017 Dec 31, 2016 Dec 31, 2015
Current Ratio
Reported current ratio (LIFO)
Adjusted current ratio (FIFO)
Net Profit Margin
Reported net profit margin (LIFO)
Adjusted net profit margin (FIFO)
Total Asset Turnover
Reported total asset turnover (LIFO)
Adjusted total asset turnover (FIFO)
Financial Leverage
Reported financial leverage (LIFO)
Adjusted financial leverage (FIFO)
Return on Equity (ROE)
Reported ROE (LIFO)
Adjusted ROE (FIFO)
Return on Assets (ROA)
Reported ROA (LIFO)
Adjusted ROA (FIFO)

Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2020-02-19), 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-14), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-15), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-15), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-16).

Financial ratio Description The company
Adjusted current ratio A liquidity ratio calculated as adjusted current assets divided by current liabilities. Caterpillar Inc.’s adjusted current ratio improved from 2017 to 2018 and from 2018 to 2019.
Adjusted net profit margin An indicator of profitability, calculated as adjusted net income divided by revenue. Caterpillar Inc.’s adjusted net profit margin ratio improved from 2017 to 2018 and from 2018 to 2019.
Adjusted total asset turnover An activity ratio calculated as total revenue divided by adjusted total assets. Caterpillar Inc.’s adjusted total asset turnover ratio improved from 2017 to 2018 but then slightly deteriorated from 2018 to 2019.
Adjusted financial leverage A measure of financial leverage calculated as adjusted total assets divided by adjusted total equity.
Financial leverage is the extent to which a company can effect, through the use of debt, a proportional change in the return on common equity that is greater than a given proportional change in operating income.		 Caterpillar Inc.’s adjusted financial leverage ratio decreased from 2017 to 2018 and from 2018 to 2019.
Adjusted ROE A profitability ratio calculated as adjusted net income divided by adjusted shareholders’ equity. Caterpillar Inc.’s adjusted ROE improved from 2017 to 2018 but then slightly deteriorated from 2018 to 2019.
Adjusted ROA A profitability ratio calculated as adjusted net income divided by adjusted total assets. Caterpillar Inc.’s adjusted ROA improved from 2017 to 2018 but then slightly deteriorated from 2018 to 2019.

Caterpillar Inc., Financial Ratios: Reported vs. Adjusted

Adjusted Current Ratio

Microsoft Excel LibreOffice Calc
Dec 31, 2019 Dec 31, 2018 Dec 31, 2017 Dec 31, 2016 Dec 31, 2015
As Reported
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Current assets
Current liabilities
Liquidity Ratio
Current ratio1
Adjusted: After Conversion from LIFO to FIFO
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Adjusted current assets
Current liabilities
Liquidity Ratio
Adjusted current ratio2

Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2020-02-19), 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-14), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-15), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-15), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-16).

2019 Calculations

1 Current ratio = Current assets ÷ Current liabilities
= ÷ =

2 Adjusted current ratio = Adjusted current assets ÷ Current liabilities
= ÷ =

Liquidity ratio Description The company
Adjusted current ratio A liquidity ratio calculated as adjusted current assets divided by current liabilities. Caterpillar Inc.’s adjusted current ratio improved from 2017 to 2018 and from 2018 to 2019.

Adjusted Net Profit Margin

Microsoft Excel LibreOffice Calc
Dec 31, 2019 Dec 31, 2018 Dec 31, 2017 Dec 31, 2016 Dec 31, 2015
As Reported
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Profit (loss) attributable to common stockholders
Sales of Machinery, Energy & Transportation
Profitability Ratio
Net profit margin1
Adjusted: After Conversion from LIFO to FIFO
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Adjusted profit (loss) attributable to common stockholders
Sales of Machinery, Energy & Transportation
Profitability Ratio
Adjusted net profit margin2

Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2020-02-19), 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-14), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-15), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-15), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-16).

2019 Calculations

1 Net profit margin = 100 × Profit (loss) attributable to common stockholders ÷ Sales of Machinery, Energy & Transportation
= 100 × ÷ =

2 Adjusted net profit margin = 100 × Adjusted profit (loss) attributable to common stockholders ÷ Sales of Machinery, Energy & Transportation
= 100 × ÷ =

Profitability ratio Description The company
Adjusted net profit margin An indicator of profitability, calculated as adjusted net income divided by revenue. Caterpillar Inc.’s adjusted net profit margin ratio improved from 2017 to 2018 and from 2018 to 2019.

Adjusted Total Asset Turnover

Microsoft Excel LibreOffice Calc
Dec 31, 2019 Dec 31, 2018 Dec 31, 2017 Dec 31, 2016 Dec 31, 2015
As Reported
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Sales of Machinery, Energy & Transportation
Total assets
Activity Ratio
Total asset turnover1
Adjusted: After Conversion from LIFO to FIFO
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Sales of Machinery, Energy & Transportation
Adjusted total assets
Activity Ratio
Adjusted total asset turnover2

Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2020-02-19), 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-14), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-15), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-15), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-16).

2019 Calculations

1 Total asset turnover = Sales of Machinery, Energy & Transportation ÷ Total assets
= ÷ =

2 Adjusted total asset turnover = Sales of Machinery, Energy & Transportation ÷ Adjusted total assets
= ÷ =

Activity ratio Description The company
Adjusted total asset turnover An activity ratio calculated as total revenue divided by adjusted total assets. Caterpillar Inc.’s adjusted total asset turnover ratio improved from 2017 to 2018 but then slightly deteriorated from 2018 to 2019.

Adjusted Financial Leverage

Microsoft Excel LibreOffice Calc
Dec 31, 2019 Dec 31, 2018 Dec 31, 2017 Dec 31, 2016 Dec 31, 2015
As Reported
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Total assets
Equity attributable to common stockholders
Solvency Ratio
Financial leverage1
Adjusted: After Conversion from LIFO to FIFO
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Adjusted total assets
Adjusted equity attributable to common stockholders
Solvency Ratio
Adjusted financial leverage2

Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2020-02-19), 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-14), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-15), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-15), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-16).

2019 Calculations

1 Financial leverage = Total assets ÷ Equity attributable to common stockholders
= ÷ =

2 Adjusted financial leverage = Adjusted total assets ÷ Adjusted equity attributable to common stockholders
= ÷ =

Solvency ratio Description The company
Adjusted financial leverage A measure of financial leverage calculated as adjusted total assets divided by adjusted total equity.
Financial leverage is the extent to which a company can effect, through the use of debt, a proportional change in the return on common equity that is greater than a given proportional change in operating income.		 Caterpillar Inc.’s adjusted financial leverage ratio decreased from 2017 to 2018 and from 2018 to 2019.

Adjusted Return on Equity (ROE)

Microsoft Excel LibreOffice Calc
Dec 31, 2019 Dec 31, 2018 Dec 31, 2017 Dec 31, 2016 Dec 31, 2015
As Reported
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Profit (loss) attributable to common stockholders
Equity attributable to common stockholders
Profitability Ratio
ROE1
Adjusted: After Conversion from LIFO to FIFO
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Adjusted profit (loss) attributable to common stockholders
Adjusted equity attributable to common stockholders
Profitability Ratio
Adjusted ROE2

Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2020-02-19), 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-14), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-15), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-15), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-16).

2019 Calculations

1 ROE = 100 × Profit (loss) attributable to common stockholders ÷ Equity attributable to common stockholders
= 100 × ÷ =

2 Adjusted ROE = 100 × Adjusted profit (loss) attributable to common stockholders ÷ Adjusted equity attributable to common stockholders
= 100 × ÷ =

Profitability ratio Description The company
Adjusted ROE A profitability ratio calculated as adjusted net income divided by adjusted shareholders’ equity. Caterpillar Inc.’s adjusted ROE improved from 2017 to 2018 but then slightly deteriorated from 2018 to 2019.

Adjusted Return on Assets (ROA)

Microsoft Excel LibreOffice Calc
Dec 31, 2019 Dec 31, 2018 Dec 31, 2017 Dec 31, 2016 Dec 31, 2015
As Reported
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Profit (loss) attributable to common stockholders
Total assets
Profitability Ratio
ROA1
Adjusted: After Conversion from LIFO to FIFO
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Adjusted profit (loss) attributable to common stockholders
Adjusted total assets
Profitability Ratio
Adjusted ROA2

Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2020-02-19), 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-14), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-15), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-15), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-16).

2019 Calculations

1 ROA = 100 × Profit (loss) attributable to common stockholders ÷ Total assets
= 100 × ÷ =

2 Adjusted ROA = 100 × Adjusted profit (loss) attributable to common stockholders ÷ Adjusted total assets
= 100 × ÷ =

Profitability ratio Description The company
Adjusted ROA A profitability ratio calculated as adjusted net income divided by adjusted total assets. Caterpillar Inc.’s adjusted ROA improved from 2017 to 2018 but then slightly deteriorated from 2018 to 2019.