Stock Analysis on Net

Mondelēz International Inc. (NASDAQ:MDLZ)

$24.99

Analysis of Profitability Ratios
Quarterly Data

Microsoft Excel

Profitability Ratios (Summary)

Mondelēz International Inc., profitability ratios (quarterly data)

Microsoft Excel
Sep 30, 2025 Jun 30, 2025 Mar 31, 2025 Dec 31, 2024 Sep 30, 2024 Jun 30, 2024 Mar 31, 2024 Dec 31, 2023 Sep 30, 2023 Jun 30, 2023 Mar 31, 2023 Dec 31, 2022 Sep 30, 2022 Jun 30, 2022 Mar 31, 2022 Dec 31, 2021 Sep 30, 2021 Jun 30, 2021 Mar 31, 2021
Return on Sales
Gross profit margin
Operating profit margin
Net profit margin
Return on Investment
Return on equity (ROE)
Return on assets (ROA)

Based on: 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-03-31).


The analyzed financial ratios reveal notable fluctuations in the company's profitability and efficiency over the examined periods.

Gross Profit Margin
The gross profit margin exhibited a declining trend from the first quarter of 2021 through the end of 2022, dropping from approximately 40.43% to a low around 35.92%. This suggests increasing costs of goods sold or pricing pressures during this interval. A significant improvement occurred in the first quarter of 2024, where the margin peaked at about 41.69%, indicating enhanced cost control or favorable pricing. However, this improvement was not sustained, as the margin sharply decreased to roughly 31.05% by the third quarter of 2025, reflecting renewed margin compression.
Operating Profit Margin
Operating profit margin followed a similar pattern, declining from near 15.79% in early 2021 to a low of about 11.22% at the end of 2022. Subsequently, an upward recovery took place with the margin reaching approximately 18.61% by March 2024, marking the highest point in the reviewed timeframe. Post-peak, the margin trended downward again, settling near 11.18% by September 2025. This volatility indicates challenges in controlling operating expenses or variations in operating income.
Net Profit Margin
The net profit margin showed a decreasing tendency after reaching approximately 15.7% in the third quarter of 2021, falling to a trough of about 8.63% toward the end of 2022. A moderate recovery followed, with margins increasing to around 13.77% in the last quarter of 2023. Nevertheless, from early 2024 onwards, the margin declined steadily, ending near 9.38% by the third quarter of 2025. The net margin's fluctuations imply impacts from both operating performance and non-operating factors such as taxes or interest expenses.
Return on Equity (ROE)
ROE trends similarly evidenced cyclicality, increasing from approximately 13.96% in early 2021 to a peak beyond 16% by late 2023. This suggests efficient shareholder capital utilization during this period. However, despite some recovery attempts, ROE showed a downward slope after early 2024, retreating to about 13.49% by late 2025. The variations may reflect changing profitability, leverage, or equity base adjustments.
Return on Assets (ROA)
ROA decreased from around 5.7% in early 2021 to a low near 3.82% at the end of 2022, indicating less efficient use of assets in generating returns. Improvement followed into late 2023, with the ROA rising to nearly 6.95%. However, similar to other ratios, there was a decline from 2024 into 2025, bringing ROA back below 5%. This pattern corresponds with the overall operating and net margin trends, suggesting asset utilization challenges during pressure periods.

Overall, the financial ratios depict a cycle of margin compressions through 2022, followed by recovery phases peaking around early to mid-2024, and subsequent declines toward 2025. The patterns suggest the company faced cost or pricing pressures affecting profitability, experienced periods of operational strengthening, but encountered renewed challenges impacting margins and returns in the latest periods.


Return on Sales


Return on Investment


Gross Profit Margin

Mondelēz International Inc., gross profit margin calculation (quarterly data)

Microsoft Excel
Sep 30, 2025 Jun 30, 2025 Mar 31, 2025 Dec 31, 2024 Sep 30, 2024 Jun 30, 2024 Mar 31, 2024 Dec 31, 2023 Sep 30, 2023 Jun 30, 2023 Mar 31, 2023 Dec 31, 2022 Sep 30, 2022 Jun 30, 2022 Mar 31, 2022 Dec 31, 2021 Sep 30, 2021 Jun 30, 2021 Mar 31, 2021
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Gross profit
Net revenues
Profitability Ratio
Gross profit margin1
Benchmarks
Gross Profit Margin, Competitors2
Coca-Cola Co.
PepsiCo Inc.
Philip Morris International Inc.

Based on: 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-03-31).

1 Q3 2025 Calculation
Gross profit margin = 100 × (Gross profitQ3 2025 + Gross profitQ2 2025 + Gross profitQ1 2025 + Gross profitQ4 2024) ÷ (Net revenuesQ3 2025 + Net revenuesQ2 2025 + Net revenuesQ1 2025 + Net revenuesQ4 2024)
= 100 × ( + + + ) ÷ ( + + + ) =

2 Click competitor name to see calculations.


Gross Profit Trends
Gross profit exhibits notable fluctuations across the reported quarters. Initially, it ranges between approximately 2,600 million and 3,000 million US dollars with moderate volatility. A notable peak occurs in the quarter ending March 31, 2024, where gross profit sharply rises to 4,750 million US dollars, followed by a significant decline in the subsequent quarters. This suggests an unusual event or seasonal effect that temporarily boosted profitability before returning to a lower range closer to earlier levels by the end of the period observed.
Net Revenues Trends
Net revenues show a generally increasing trend across the time horizon, starting from around 6,600 million US dollars and progressively rising to near 9,700 million US dollars by the latest quarter. Despite some variability, the overall trajectory is positive, with recurrent increases noted almost every year-end quarter. This reflects steady growth in top-line sales, possibly driven by expanding market share or pricing strategies.
Gross Profit Margin
The gross profit margin demonstrates a gradual declining trend over time, beginning around 40.4% in early 2021 and dropping steadily toward the low 30% range by late 2025. There are short-term recoveries in margin in some quarters, especially near the turn of each year, but the longer-term trend is a notable contraction in margin percentage. The peak gross profit in early 2024 corresponds to an elevated margin of 41.69%, suggesting a temporary improvement in cost management or pricing power.
Overall Analysis and Insights
The financial data indicate that while net revenues are growing steadily, gross profit margins are under pressure, decreasing by roughly 9 percentage points over the five-year span. This decoupling suggests increasing costs of goods sold or changes in product mix, potentially affecting profitability. The sharp spike in gross profit and margin in early 2024 might be driven by exceptional factors that are not sustained thereafter. The recent downward trend in margins, especially in 2025, calls for attention to cost efficiency and pricing strategy to maintain profitability amid rising revenues.

Operating Profit Margin

Mondelēz International Inc., operating profit margin calculation (quarterly data)

Microsoft Excel
Sep 30, 2025 Jun 30, 2025 Mar 31, 2025 Dec 31, 2024 Sep 30, 2024 Jun 30, 2024 Mar 31, 2024 Dec 31, 2023 Sep 30, 2023 Jun 30, 2023 Mar 31, 2023 Dec 31, 2022 Sep 30, 2022 Jun 30, 2022 Mar 31, 2022 Dec 31, 2021 Sep 30, 2021 Jun 30, 2021 Mar 31, 2021
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Operating income
Net revenues
Profitability Ratio
Operating profit margin1
Benchmarks
Operating Profit Margin, Competitors2
Coca-Cola Co.
PepsiCo Inc.
Philip Morris International Inc.

Based on: 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-03-31).

1 Q3 2025 Calculation
Operating profit margin = 100 × (Operating incomeQ3 2025 + Operating incomeQ2 2025 + Operating incomeQ1 2025 + Operating incomeQ4 2024) ÷ (Net revenuesQ3 2025 + Net revenuesQ2 2025 + Net revenuesQ1 2025 + Net revenuesQ4 2024)
= 100 × ( + + + ) ÷ ( + + + ) =

2 Click competitor name to see calculations.


Operating Income
The operating income exhibits considerable volatility over the observed periods. Initially, it declines from a peak of 1,283 million USD in the first quarter of 2021 to a low of 679 million USD in the third quarter of 2022. Following this trough, there is a recovery in the subsequent quarters, with a notable spike to 2,727 million USD in the first quarter of 2024. However, this spike is followed by fluctuations in the following periods, ending at 744 million USD in the third quarter of 2025. This pattern suggests periods of both operational challenges and significant rebounds but lacks a consistent upward or downward trend.
Net Revenues
Net revenues demonstrate a generally upward trend with some short-term fluctuations. Starting at 7,238 million USD in the first quarter of 2021, revenues experience moderate growth with intermittent dips, reaching a peak of 9,744 million USD by the third quarter of 2025. Though there is a slight decrease in some quarters, the overall direction indicates progressive growth in sales or service income over the time frame.
Operating Profit Margin
The operating profit margin shows a declining trend from the first quarter of 2021 through late 2022, falling from approximately 15.79% to a low near 11.22%. However, from the final quarter of 2022 through the first quarter of 2024, there is a marked improvement, peaking at 18.61%. This improvement correlates with the spike in operating income observed during the same period. Subsequent quarters reveal a decline again, dropping to about 11.18% by the third quarter of 2025. This volatility may reflect changes in cost efficiency, pricing strategies, or external market conditions impacting profitability.
Overall Patterns and Insights
The financial indicators reflect a company experiencing significant operational variability. Revenue growth is relatively steady, suggesting consistent market demand or expansion, but profitability measures such as operating income and profit margins are more unstable. The strong quarter in early 2024 appears to be an outlier or the result of specific favorable conditions, as margins and income do not sustain that peak. The recurring fluctuations could denote sensitivity to economic cycles, input cost changes, or operational adjustments. Careful monitoring of cost controls and efficiency measures might be necessary to stabilize profitability despite growing revenues.

Net Profit Margin

Mondelēz International Inc., net profit margin calculation (quarterly data)

Microsoft Excel
Sep 30, 2025 Jun 30, 2025 Mar 31, 2025 Dec 31, 2024 Sep 30, 2024 Jun 30, 2024 Mar 31, 2024 Dec 31, 2023 Sep 30, 2023 Jun 30, 2023 Mar 31, 2023 Dec 31, 2022 Sep 30, 2022 Jun 30, 2022 Mar 31, 2022 Dec 31, 2021 Sep 30, 2021 Jun 30, 2021 Mar 31, 2021
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Net earnings attributable to Mondelēz International
Net revenues
Profitability Ratio
Net profit margin1
Benchmarks
Net Profit Margin, Competitors2
Coca-Cola Co.
PepsiCo Inc.
Philip Morris International Inc.

Based on: 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-03-31).

1 Q3 2025 Calculation
Net profit margin = 100 × (Net earnings attributable to Mondelēz InternationalQ3 2025 + Net earnings attributable to Mondelēz InternationalQ2 2025 + Net earnings attributable to Mondelēz InternationalQ1 2025 + Net earnings attributable to Mondelēz InternationalQ4 2024) ÷ (Net revenuesQ3 2025 + Net revenuesQ2 2025 + Net revenuesQ1 2025 + Net revenuesQ4 2024)
= 100 × ( + + + ) ÷ ( + + + ) =

2 Click competitor name to see calculations.


Net Earnings Attributable to Mondelēz International
The net earnings exhibit volatility over the analyzed periods, with notable fluctuations. From early 2021 through the end of 2022, earnings generally declined, reaching a low point around the third quarter of 2022. A significant rebound occurred in the first quarter of 2023, peaking substantially higher than previous quarters. However, following this peak, net earnings declined again but showed intermittent recovery in late 2023 and throughout 2024. The trend into 2025 indicates variability with moderate gains but not sustaining the earlier peak levels.
Net Revenues
Net revenues demonstrate an overall gradual upward trend with some periods of decline. Initial quarters of 2021 saw modest fluctuations but revenues generally increased through 2022, peaking in the fourth quarter. Revenues remained relatively strong in 2023 with reaching peak amounts in multiple quarters, though a slight decline is observed in mid-2024 before rising again toward the end of 2024 and into 2025. This suggests steady growth with short-term variations likely influenced by market or seasonal factors.
Net Profit Margin
The net profit margin shows a declining trend from early 2021 through the end of 2022, suggesting compression of profitability despite the revenue growth during that period. The margin dropped from near 16% in 2021 to below 9% by late 2022. In 2023, margins improved modestly, peaking around 13.8% in the final quarter, but then experienced a gradual decline across 2024 and into 2025, where margins consistently remain below 10%. This indicates potential challenges in cost management or increased expenses impacting overall profit margins relative to revenue.
Summary of Key Trends
While net revenues have generally grown over the examined timeline with some seasonal volatility, net earnings and profit margins have not shown a consistent positive trajectory. Earnings have been subject to significant peaks and troughs, reflecting possibly volatile factors or one-time events influencing profitability. The contraction in net profit margin over multiple quarters signals inflationary pressures, rising costs, or shifting product mix affecting profitability despite revenue growth. The data suggests a need for focused strategies to enhance earnings stability and margin improvement to align profitability more closely with the steady revenue growth observed.

Return on Equity (ROE)

Mondelēz International Inc., ROE calculation (quarterly data)

Microsoft Excel
Sep 30, 2025 Jun 30, 2025 Mar 31, 2025 Dec 31, 2024 Sep 30, 2024 Jun 30, 2024 Mar 31, 2024 Dec 31, 2023 Sep 30, 2023 Jun 30, 2023 Mar 31, 2023 Dec 31, 2022 Sep 30, 2022 Jun 30, 2022 Mar 31, 2022 Dec 31, 2021 Sep 30, 2021 Jun 30, 2021 Mar 31, 2021
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Net earnings attributable to Mondelēz International
Total Mondelēz International shareholders’ equity
Profitability Ratio
ROE1
Benchmarks
ROE, Competitors2
Coca-Cola Co.
PepsiCo Inc.
Philip Morris International Inc.

Based on: 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-03-31).

1 Q3 2025 Calculation
ROE = 100 × (Net earnings attributable to Mondelēz InternationalQ3 2025 + Net earnings attributable to Mondelēz InternationalQ2 2025 + Net earnings attributable to Mondelēz InternationalQ1 2025 + Net earnings attributable to Mondelēz InternationalQ4 2024) ÷ Total Mondelēz International shareholders’ equity
= 100 × ( + + + ) ÷ =

2 Click competitor name to see calculations.


Net Earnings Attributable to Mondelēz International
The net earnings exhibit a fluctuating pattern over the analyzed periods. Initial quarters show a progressive increase from 961 million USD at the end of Q1 2021 to a peak of 1258 million USD in Q3 2021, followed by a decline toward the end of 2021. In 2022, earnings continue to weaken, reaching low points in Q3 and Q4. There is a notable spike in Q1 2023, with earnings reaching 2081 million USD, which is significantly higher than previous quarters, but this surge is not sustained, as subsequent quarters in 2023 see a return to values closer to 900-950 million USD. The early quarters of 2024 show moderate recovery fluctuations, with another pronounced peak in Q4 2024 at 1745 million USD, before trending down again in early 2025. Generally, earnings do not show a consistent upward or downward trajectory but rather episodic spikes amidst periods of decline or stability.
Total Mondelēz International Shareholders’ Equity
Shareholders’ equity remains relatively stable throughout the periods, with minor fluctuations. The equity starts at approximately 27075 million USD in Q1 2021 and gradually increases, peaking near 28647 million USD in mid-2023. After this peak, equity demonstrates a downward trend towards the end of the period, ending near 26177 million USD by Q3 2025. The fluctuations are moderate, indicating a generally stable equity base with some compression in the latter stages of the analyzed timeframe.
Return on Equity (ROE)
ROE shows variability but remains within a mid-teens percentage range predominantly. The rate begins near 13.96% in early 2021, rising to a peak of 16.08% by Q3 2021, before declining to about 10.11% in Q4 2022. The metric exhibits recovery in 2023, notably reaching up to 17.5% in Q4 2023. A slight decrease follows in 2024, although ROE sustains levels above 13%. By the end of the period, ROE settles around 13.49%. These observations suggest intermittent shifts in profitability relative to equity, with some quarters demonstrating stronger earnings efficiency than others.
Overall Insights
Across the periods, the company experiences earnings volatility marked by sharp earnings peaks followed by declines, while shareholders’ equity maintains a relatively stable though slightly declining trend in the latter years. ROE trends broadly align with earnings fluctuations, reflecting changes in profitability relative to equity. The intermittent spikes in net earnings likely represent extraordinary or non-recurring factors affecting profitability. Stability in shareholders’ equity suggests consistent capital structure management despite earnings variability. The overall financial position indicates resilience but also a need for further examination of the causes behind substantial earnings swings.

Return on Assets (ROA)

Mondelēz International Inc., ROA calculation (quarterly data)

Microsoft Excel
Sep 30, 2025 Jun 30, 2025 Mar 31, 2025 Dec 31, 2024 Sep 30, 2024 Jun 30, 2024 Mar 31, 2024 Dec 31, 2023 Sep 30, 2023 Jun 30, 2023 Mar 31, 2023 Dec 31, 2022 Sep 30, 2022 Jun 30, 2022 Mar 31, 2022 Dec 31, 2021 Sep 30, 2021 Jun 30, 2021 Mar 31, 2021
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Net earnings attributable to Mondelēz International
Total assets
Profitability Ratio
ROA1
Benchmarks
ROA, Competitors2
Coca-Cola Co.
PepsiCo Inc.
Philip Morris International Inc.

Based on: 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-03-31).

1 Q3 2025 Calculation
ROA = 100 × (Net earnings attributable to Mondelēz InternationalQ3 2025 + Net earnings attributable to Mondelēz InternationalQ2 2025 + Net earnings attributable to Mondelēz InternationalQ1 2025 + Net earnings attributable to Mondelēz InternationalQ4 2024) ÷ Total assets
= 100 × ( + + + ) ÷ =

2 Click competitor name to see calculations.


Net Earnings Attributable to Mondelēz International
Over the analyzed periods, net earnings exhibit significant volatility with no clear sustained upward or downward trend. Starting at 961 million USD in March 2021, earnings increased through September 2021 to a peak of 1,258 million USD, followed by a decline reaching a low of 532 million USD by September 2022. A considerable recovery occurs in the first quarter of 2023, with earnings jumping to 2,081 million USD, then fluctuating again with another notable increase reaching 1,745 million USD in December 2024. The more recent quarters show a mixed pattern with moderate fluctuations between 402 million and 743 million USD. This variability suggests periodic challenges and recoveries in profitability.
Total Assets
Total assets demonstrate a generally stable to moderately increasing pattern across the observed period. Beginning at 66,349 million USD in March 2021, assets fluctuate within a narrower range through 2022, moving between approximately 65,000 and 71,000 million USD. A sharper increase is noticeable in early 2024, peaking at 77,624 million USD in March of that year, followed by a moderate decline and stabilization around the 68,000 to 71,000 million USD range towards late 2025. This trend indicates some asset growth and adjustments, possibly reflecting strategic investments or asset revaluations.
Return on Assets (ROA)
The ROA metric reflects the company's ability to generate earnings relative to its asset base and shows a pattern of fluctuation consistent with net earnings changes. Starting at 5.7% in the first quarter of 2021, ROA improves to a peak of 6.95% by the end of 2023. However, a decline follows through 2024 and into 2025, with ROA dropping to around 4.95% by September 2025. The differences in ROA largely align with the earnings volatility while being influenced by changes in total assets. The peak ROA periods correspond with the times of stronger profitability relative to asset size, whereas the declining ROA in later periods suggests decreasing efficiency or profitability.
Overall Insights
The data reveals a pattern of earnings volatility juxtaposed with relatively stable asset levels. Net earnings recovery phases suggest responsiveness to market or operational adjustments, while total assets growth and decline hint at active asset management. The ROA trend underscores the impact of fluctuating earnings on asset utilization efficiency. Monitoring and managing factors contributing to earnings volatility while maintaining asset productivity will be critical for improving financial stability and performance metrics.