Return on Capital (ROC)
Return on capital (ROC) is after tax rate of return on net business assets. ROIC is unaffected by changes in interest rates or company debt and equity structure. It measures business productivity performance.
Return on Invested Capital (ROIC)
Abbott Laboratories, ROIC calculation, comparison to benchmarks
| Dec 31, 2023 | Dec 31, 2022 | Dec 31, 2021 | Dec 31, 2020 | Dec 31, 2019 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions) | ||||||
| Net operating profit after taxes (NOPAT)1 | 5,289) | 6,718) | 7,014) | 4,838) | 3,765) | |
| Invested capital2 | 59,651) | 61,288) | 62,076) | 60,387) | 58,163) | |
| Performance Ratio | ||||||
| ROIC3 | 8.87% | 10.96% | 11.30% | 8.01% | 6.47% | |
| Benchmarks | ||||||
| ROIC, Competitors4 | ||||||
| Cigna Group | 5.63% | 8.53% | 6.88% | 9.84% | 6.50% | |
| CVS Health Corp. | 7.17% | 3.13% | 7.01% | 6.63% | 5.97% | |
| Elevance Health Inc. | 9.35% | 10.17% | 11.14% | 8.67% | 9.75% | |
| Humana Inc. | 9.02% | 10.50% | 10.35% | 17.73% | 16.04% | |
| Intuitive Surgical Inc. | 22.30% | 22.01% | 37.63% | 25.62% | 42.29% | |
| Medtronic PLC | 5.89% | 7.02% | 5.59% | 6.20% | 7.51% | |
| Shockwave Medical Inc. | 25.35% | 38.37% | -4.08% | -70.24% | -31.36% | |
| UnitedHealth Group Inc. | 14.59% | 13.68% | 13.51% | 13.84% | 13.91% | |
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31).
1 NOPAT. See details »
2 Invested capital. See details »
3 2023 Calculation
ROIC = 100 × NOPAT ÷ Invested capital
= 100 × 5,289 ÷ 59,651 = 8.87%
4 Click competitor name to see calculations.
| Performance ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| ROIC | A measure of the periodic, after tax, cash-on-cash yield earned in the business. | Abbott Laboratories ROIC deteriorated from 2021 to 2022 and from 2022 to 2023. |
Decomposition of ROIC
Abbott Laboratories, decomposition of ROIC
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31).
1 Operating profit margin (OPM). See calculations »
2 Turnover of capital (TO). See calculations »
3 Effective cash tax rate (CTR). See calculations »
The primary reason for the decrease in return on invested capital (ROIC) over 2023 year is the decrease in profitability measured by operating profit margin (OPM) ratio.
Operating Profit Margin (OPM)
Abbott Laboratories, OPM calculation, comparison to benchmarks
| Dec 31, 2023 | Dec 31, 2022 | Dec 31, 2021 | Dec 31, 2020 | Dec 31, 2019 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions) | ||||||
| Net operating profit after taxes (NOPAT)1 | 5,289) | 6,718) | 7,014) | 4,838) | 3,765) | |
| Add: Cash operating taxes2 | 1,463) | 2,118) | 1,759) | 718) | 1,010) | |
| Net operating profit before taxes (NOPBT) | 6,753) | 8,836) | 8,772) | 5,556) | 4,774) | |
| Net sales | 40,109) | 43,653) | 43,075) | 34,608) | 31,904) | |
| Profitability Ratio | ||||||
| OPM3 | 16.84% | 20.24% | 20.37% | 16.05% | 14.97% | |
| Benchmarks | ||||||
| OPM, Competitors4 | ||||||
| Cigna Group | 3.57% | 5.39% | 4.69% | 7.72% | 5.38% | |
| CVS Health Corp. | 3.82% | 2.45% | 4.32% | 4.79% | 4.69% | |
| Elevance Health Inc. | 5.39% | 5.61% | 6.54% | 6.03% | 6.47% | |
| Humana Inc. | 3.64% | 4.33% | 4.49% | 6.64% | 5.73% | |
| Intuitive Surgical Inc. | 28.14% | 26.19% | 33.56% | 28.14% | 34.15% | |
| Medtronic PLC | 19.63% | 19.15% | 16.48% | 17.88% | 22.11% | |
| Shockwave Medical Inc. | 25.29% | 25.51% | -2.64% | -93.91% | -115.00% | |
| UnitedHealth Group Inc. | 9.14% | 9.13% | 8.33% | 9.15% | 8.41% | |
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31).
1 NOPAT. See details »
2 Cash operating taxes. See details »
3 2023 Calculation
OPM = 100 × NOPBT ÷ Net sales
= 100 × 6,753 ÷ 40,109 = 16.84%
4 Click competitor name to see calculations.
| Profitability ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| OPM | The operating profit margin (OPM) is the ratio of pretax economic earnings, or NOPBT, to sales. | Abbott Laboratories OPM deteriorated from 2021 to 2022 and from 2022 to 2023. |
Turnover of Capital (TO)
Abbott Laboratories, TO calculation, comparison to benchmarks
| Dec 31, 2023 | Dec 31, 2022 | Dec 31, 2021 | Dec 31, 2020 | Dec 31, 2019 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions) | ||||||
| Net sales | 40,109) | 43,653) | 43,075) | 34,608) | 31,904) | |
| Invested capital1 | 59,651) | 61,288) | 62,076) | 60,387) | 58,163) | |
| Efficiency Ratio | ||||||
| TO2 | 0.67 | 0.71 | 0.69 | 0.57 | 0.55 | |
| Benchmarks | ||||||
| TO, Competitors3 | ||||||
| Cigna Group | 2.26 | 2.09 | 1.90 | 1.70 | 1.62 | |
| CVS Health Corp. | 2.64 | 2.60 | 2.22 | 1.96 | 1.83 | |
| Elevance Health Inc. | 2.44 | 2.33 | 2.14 | 2.13 | 1.86 | |
| Humana Inc. | 3.48 | 3.18 | 2.70 | 3.48 | 3.41 | |
| Intuitive Surgical Inc. | 1.00 | 1.16 | 1.27 | 0.98 | 1.35 | |
| Medtronic PLC | 0.44 | 0.46 | 0.42 | 0.41 | 0.42 | |
| Shockwave Medical Inc. | 1.09 | 1.54 | 1.36 | 0.74 | 0.27 | |
| UnitedHealth Group Inc. | 2.01 | 1.95 | 2.04 | 1.96 | 2.05 | |
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31).
1 Invested capital. See details »
2 2023 Calculation
TO = Net sales ÷ Invested capital
= 40,109 ÷ 59,651 = 0.67
3 Click competitor name to see calculations.
| Efficiency ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| TO | The turnover of capital (TO) is the ratio of sales to invested capital. Capital turnover is a function of the efficiency of working capital management and of net fixed assets. | Abbott Laboratories TO improved from 2021 to 2022 but then deteriorated significantly from 2022 to 2023. |
Effective Cash Tax Rate (CTR)
Abbott Laboratories, CTR calculation, comparison to benchmarks
| Dec 31, 2023 | Dec 31, 2022 | Dec 31, 2021 | Dec 31, 2020 | Dec 31, 2019 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions) | ||||||
| Net operating profit after taxes (NOPAT)1 | 5,289) | 6,718) | 7,014) | 4,838) | 3,765) | |
| Add: Cash operating taxes2 | 1,463) | 2,118) | 1,759) | 718) | 1,010) | |
| Net operating profit before taxes (NOPBT) | 6,753) | 8,836) | 8,772) | 5,556) | 4,774) | |
| Tax Rate | ||||||
| CTR3 | 21.67% | 23.97% | 20.05% | 12.92% | 21.15% | |
| Benchmarks | ||||||
| CTR, Competitors4 | ||||||
| Cigna Group | 30.27% | 24.44% | 23.01% | 24.93% | 25.68% | |
| CVS Health Corp. | 29.07% | 50.90% | 27.09% | 29.36% | 30.33% | |
| Elevance Health Inc. | 28.75% | 22.11% | 20.37% | 32.42% | 18.95% | |
| Humana Inc. | 28.91% | 23.74% | 14.62% | 23.28% | 17.80% | |
| Intuitive Surgical Inc. | 20.94% | 27.40% | 11.76% | 6.67% | 8.23% | |
| Medtronic PLC | 32.28% | 19.53% | 18.59% | 14.72% | 19.30% | |
| Shockwave Medical Inc. | 7.67% | 2.32% | — | — | — | |
| UnitedHealth Group Inc. | 20.64% | 23.25% | 20.32% | 22.88% | 19.29% | |
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31).
1 NOPAT. See details »
2 Cash operating taxes. See details »
3 2023 Calculation
CTR = 100 × Cash operating taxes ÷ NOPBT
= 100 × 1,463 ÷ 6,753 = 21.67%
4 Click competitor name to see calculations.
| Tax rate | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| CTR | Effective cash tax rate on operating income. | Abbott Laboratories CTR increased from 2021 to 2022 but then slightly decreased from 2022 to 2023 not reaching 2021 level. |