Statement of Comprehensive Income

Comprehensive income is the change in equity (net assets) of a business enterprise during a period from transactions and other events and circumstances from non-owners sources. It includes all changes in equity during a period except those resulting from investments by owners and distributions to owners.

Express Scripts Holding Co., consolidated statement of comprehensive income

US$ in thousands

12 months ended:	Dec 31, 2017	Dec 31, 2016	Dec 31, 2015	Dec 31, 2014	Dec 31, 2013
Net income	4,531,700)	3,427,600)	2,499,500)	2,035,000)	1,872,700)
Foreign currency translation adjustment	9,400)	1,700)	(16,100)	(9,600)	(7,200)
Other comprehensive income (loss)	9,400)	1,700)	(16,100)	(9,600)	(7,200)
Comprehensive income	4,541,100)	3,429,300)	2,483,400)	2,025,400)	1,865,500)
Comprehensive income attributable to non-controlling interest	(14,300)	(23,200)	(23,100)	(27,400)	(28,100)
Comprehensive income attributable to Express Scripts	4,526,800)	3,406,100)	2,460,300)	1,998,000)	1,837,400)

Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2017-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2016-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2015-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2014-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2013-12-31).

A consistent and accelerating growth trend is observed in the profitability of the organization between 2013 and 2017. Net income increased every year, rising from 1.87 billion USD in 2013 to 4.53 billion USD in 2017, indicating a substantial expansion in bottom-line earnings over the five-year period.

Net Income and Comprehensive Income Growth: Net income exhibited a steady upward trajectory, with the rate of increase accelerating significantly between 2015 and 2017. Total comprehensive income closely followed this pattern, mirroring the growth in net income and demonstrating that core operational earnings were the primary driver of total comprehensive value.
Foreign Currency Translation and Other Comprehensive Income: Other comprehensive income, which was driven exclusively by foreign currency translation adjustments, shifted from a negative to a positive trend. Translation losses were recorded from 2013 to 2015, peaking at a loss of 16.1 million USD in 2015. A reversal occurred in 2016 and 2017, with the organization recording positive adjustments of 1.7 million USD and 9.4 million USD, respectively.
Attributable Income and Non-Controlling Interests: Comprehensive income attributable to the parent company grew in direct proportion to total comprehensive income, reflecting strong returns for the primary shareholders. Conversely, comprehensive income attributable to non-controlling interests remained negative throughout the analyzed period, although the magnitude of these losses diminished from 28.1 million USD in 2013 to 14.3 million USD in 2017.

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Express Scripts Holding Co. (NASDAQ:ESRX)

Statement of Comprehensive Income