Financial statement analysis and common stock valuation

Analysis of Profitability Ratios

Measures the income of Caterpillar Inc. relative to its revenues and invested capital.

• Profitability Ratios (Summary)
• Gross Profit Margin
• Operating Profit Margin
• Net Profit Margin
• Return on Equity (ROE)
• Return on Assets (ROA)

Present Value of Free Cash Flow to Equity (FCFE)

The FCFE valuation approach estimates the value of equity as the present value of future FCFE discounted at the required rate of return on equity.

• Intrinsic Stock Value (Valuation Summary)
• Required Rate of Return (r)
• FCFE Growth Rate (g)

Income Statement

The income statement (statement of earnings) reports on the performance of Caterpillar Inc., the result of its operating activities.

Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM)

CAPM is a theory concentrated with deriving the expected rates of return on risky assets based on the assets’ systematic risk levels. Systematic risk is the variability of returns that is due to macroeconomic factors that affect all risky assets. It cannot be eliminated by diversification.

• Rates of Return
• Variance and Covariance
• Systematic Risk (β) Estimation
• Expected Rate of Return

Analysis of Short-term (Operating) Activity Ratios
Quarterly Data

Evaluates revenues and output generated by the Caterpillar Inc. assets. Operating performance ratios describe the relationship between the Caterpillar Inc. level of operations and the assets needed to sustain operating activities.

• Short-term Activity Ratios (Summary)
• Inventory Turnover
• Receivables Turnover
• Payables Turnover
• Working Capital Turnover
• Average Inventory Processing Period
• Average Receivable Collection Period
• Operating Cycle
• Average Payables Payment Period
• Cash Conversion Cycle

Analysis of Solvency Ratios
Quarterly Data

Examines Caterpillar Inc. capital structure in terms of the mix of its financing sources and the ability of the firm to satisfy its longer-term debt and investment obligations.

• Solvency Ratios (Summary)
• Debt to Equity
• Debt to Capital
• Debt to Assets
• Financial Leverage
• Interest Coverage

Analysis of Geographic Areas

Caterpillar Inc. operates in 2 regions: Inside United States and Outside United States.

• Area Asset Turnover
• External sales and revenues
• Property, plant and equipment, net

Analysis of Reportable Segments

Caterpillar Inc. operates in 4 segments: Construction Industries; Resource Industries; Energy & Transportation; and Financial Products.

• Segment Profit Margin
• Segment Return on Assets (Segment ROA)
• Segment Asset Turnover
• Segment Capital Expenditures to Depreciation
• Sales and revenues
• Profit
• Assets
• Depreciation and amortization
• Capital expenditures

Dividend Discount Model (DDM)

The dividend discount model (DDM) is a technique for estimating the value of a share of Caterpillar Inc. common stock issue as the present value of all future dividends.

• Intrinsic Stock Value (Valuation Summary)
• Required Rate of Return (r)
• Dividend Growth Rate (g)

Analysis of Short-term (Operating) Activity Ratios

Evaluates revenues and output generated by the Caterpillar Inc. assets. Operating performance ratios describe the relationship between the Caterpillar Inc. level of operations and the assets needed to sustain operating activities.

• Short-term Activity Ratios (Summary)
• Inventory Turnover
• Receivables Turnover
• Payables Turnover
• Working Capital Turnover
• Average Inventory Processing Period
• Average Receivable Collection Period
• Operating Cycle
• Average Payables Payment Period
• Cash Conversion Cycle

Analysis of Long-term (Investment) Activity Ratios

Measures how efficiently Caterpillar Inc. generates revenues from its investments in fixed or total assets.

• Long-term Activity Ratios (Summary)
• Net Fixed Asset Turnover
• Net Fixed Asset Turnover (including Operating Lease, Right-of-Use Asset)
• Total Asset Turnover
• Equity Turnover

DuPont Analysis: Disaggregation of ROE, ROA, and Net Profit Margin

An approach to decomposing Caterpillar Inc. return on equity, return on assets, and net profit margin ratio as the product of other financial ratios.

• Two-Component Disaggregation of ROE
• Three-Component Disaggregation of ROE
• Five-Component Disaggregation of ROE
• Two-Component Disaggregation of ROA
• Four-Component Disaggregation of ROA
• Disaggregation of Net Profit Margin