Financial statement analysis and common stock valuation

Balance Sheet: Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
Quarterly Data

The liabilities and stockholders’ equity reports major classes and amounts of external claims on assets and owners’ capital contributions, and other internally generated sources of capital.

Analysis of Long-term (Investment) Activity Ratios
Quarterly Data

Measures how efficiently Microsoft Corp. generates revenues from its investments in fixed or total assets.

• Long-term Activity Ratios (Summary)
• Net Fixed Asset Turnover
• Total Asset Turnover
• Equity Turnover

Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM)

CAPM is a theory concentrated with deriving the expected rates of return on risky assets based on the assets’ systematic risk levels. Systematic risk is the variability of returns that is due to macroeconomic factors that affect all risky assets. It cannot be eliminated by diversification.

• Rates of Return
• Variance and Covariance
• Systematic Risk (β) Estimation
• Expected Rate of Return

Balance Sheet: Assets
Quarterly Data

The assets reports major classes and amounts of resources owned or controlled by Microsoft Corp..

Analysis of Liquidity Ratios
Quarterly Data

Measures the adequacy of a Microsoft Corp. cash resources to meet its near-term cash obligations.

• Liquidity Ratios (Summary)
• Current Ratio
• Quick Ratio
• Cash Ratio

Enterprise Value to EBITDA (EV/EBITDA)

To calculate EBITDA analysts start with net earnings. To that earnings number, interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization are added. EBITDA as a pre-interest number is a flow to all providers of capital.

• Earnings before Interest, Tax, Depreciation and Amortization (EBITDA)
• EV to EBITDA Ratio, Current
• EV to EBITDA Ratio, Historical

Cash Flow Statement
Quarterly Data

The cash flow statement provides information about Microsoft Corp. cash receipts and cash payments during an accounting period, showing how these cash flows link the ending cash balance to the beginning balance shown on Microsoft Corp. balance sheet.

Analysis of Short-term (Operating) Activity Ratios
Quarterly Data

Evaluates revenues and output generated by the Microsoft Corp. assets. Operating performance ratios describe the relationship between the Microsoft Corp. level of operations and the assets needed to sustain operating activities.

• Short-term Activity Ratios (Summary)
• Inventory Turnover
• Receivables Turnover
• Payables Turnover
• Working Capital Turnover
• Average Inventory Processing Period
• Average Receivable Collection Period
• Operating Cycle
• Average Payables Payment Period
• Cash Conversion Cycle

DuPont Analysis: Disaggregation of ROE, ROA, and Net Profit Margin

An approach to decomposing Microsoft Corp. return on equity, return on assets, and net profit margin ratio as the product of other financial ratios.

• Two-Component Disaggregation of ROE
• Three-Component Disaggregation of ROE
• Five-Component Disaggregation of ROE
• Two-Component Disaggregation of ROA
• Four-Component Disaggregation of ROA
• Disaggregation of Net Profit Margin

Analysis of Geographic Areas

Microsoft Corp. operates in 2 regions: United States and Other countries.

• Area Asset Turnover
• Revenue
• Long-lived assets

DuPont Analysis: Disaggregation of ROE, ROA, and Net Profit Margin
Quarterly Data

An approach to decomposing Microsoft Corp. return on equity, return on assets, and net profit margin ratio as the product of other financial ratios.

• Two-Component Disaggregation of ROE
• Three-Component Disaggregation of ROE
• Two-Component Disaggregation of ROA

Common-Size Balance Sheet: Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
Quarterly Data

Liabilities and stockholders’ equity components shown as percentage of total liabilities and stockholders’ equity.