Financial statement analysis and common stock valuation

Dividend Discount Model (DDM)

The dividend discount model (DDM) is a technique for estimating the value of a share of Microsoft Corp. common stock issue as the present value of all future dividends.

• Intrinsic Stock Value (Valuation Summary)
• Required Rate of Return (r)
• Dividend Growth Rate (g)

Income Statement

The income statement (statement of earnings) reports on the performance of Microsoft Corp., the result of its operating activities.

Analysis of Profitability Ratios
Quarterly Data

Measures the income of Microsoft Corp. relative to its revenues and invested capital.

• Profitability Ratios (Summary)
• Gross Profit Margin
• Operating Profit Margin
• Net Profit Margin
• Return on Equity (ROE)
• Return on Assets (ROA)

DuPont Analysis: Disaggregation of ROE, ROA, and Net Profit Margin

An approach to decomposing Microsoft Corp. return on equity, return on assets, and net profit margin ratio as the product of other financial ratios.

• Two-Component Disaggregation of ROE
• Three-Component Disaggregation of ROE
• Five-Component Disaggregation of ROE
• Two-Component Disaggregation of ROA
• Four-Component Disaggregation of ROA
• Disaggregation of Net Profit Margin

Balance Sheet: Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity

The liabilities and stockholders’ equity reports major classes and amounts of external claims on assets and owners’ capital contributions, and other internally generated sources of capital.

Price to FCFE (P/FCFE)

Free cash flow to equity is the cash flow available to Microsoft Corp. equity holders after all operating expenses, interest, and principal payments have been paid and necessary investments in working and fixed capital have been made.

• Free Cash Flow to Equity (FCFE)
• P to FCFE Ratio, Current
• P to FCFE Ratio, Historical

Aggregate Accruals

Financial reporting quality relates to the accuracy with which Microsoft Corp. reported financial statements reflect its operating performance and to their usefulness for forecasting future cash flows.
Aggregate accruals deriving measures of the accrual component of Microsoft Corp. earnings.

• Balance-Sheet-Based Accruals Ratio
• Cash-Flow-Statement-Based Accruals Ratio

Common Stock Valuation Ratios

Relative valuation technique determine the value of Microsoft Corp. by comparing it to similar entities (like industry or sector) on the basis of several relative ratios that compare its stock price to relevant variables that affect the stock value, such as earnings, book value, and sales.

• Current Valuation Ratios
• Historical Valuation Ratios (Summary)
• Price to Earnings (P/E)
• Price to Operating Profit (P/OP)
• Price to Sales (P/S)
• Price to Book Value (P/BV)

Common-Size Balance Sheet: Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
Quarterly Data

Liabilities and stockholders’ equity components shown as percentage of total liabilities and stockholders’ equity.

Balance Sheet: Assets
Quarterly Data

The assets reports major classes and amounts of resources owned or controlled by Microsoft Corp..

Common-Size Balance Sheet: Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity

Liabilities and stockholders’ equity components shown as percentage of total liabilities and stockholders’ equity.

Cash Flow Statement
Quarterly Data

The cash flow statement provides information about Microsoft Corp. cash receipts and cash payments during an accounting period, showing how these cash flows link the ending cash balance to the beginning balance shown on Microsoft Corp. balance sheet.