Financial statement analysis and common stock valuation

Present Value of Free Cash Flow to Equity (FCFE)

The FCFE valuation approach estimates the value of equity as the present value of future FCFE discounted at the required rate of return on equity.

• Intrinsic Stock Value (Valuation Summary)
• Required Rate of Return (r)
• FCFE Growth Rate (g)

Common-Size Balance Sheet: Assets

Assets components shown as percentage of total assets.

Cash Flow Statement
Quarterly Data

The cash flow statement provides information about Costco Wholesale Corp. cash receipts and cash payments during an accounting period, showing how these cash flows link the ending cash balance to the beginning balance shown on Costco Wholesale Corp. balance sheet.

Analysis of Short-term (Operating) Activity Ratios
Quarterly Data

Evaluates revenues and output generated by the Costco Wholesale Corp. assets. Operating performance ratios describe the relationship between the Costco Wholesale Corp. level of operations and the assets needed to sustain operating activities.

• Short-term Activity Ratios (Summary)
• Inventory Turnover
• Receivables Turnover
• Payables Turnover
• Working Capital Turnover
• Average Inventory Processing Period
• Average Receivable Collection Period
• Operating Cycle
• Average Payables Payment Period
• Cash Conversion Cycle

Analysis of Short-term (Operating) Activity Ratios

Evaluates revenues and output generated by the Costco Wholesale Corp. assets. Operating performance ratios describe the relationship between the Costco Wholesale Corp. level of operations and the assets needed to sustain operating activities.

• Short-term Activity Ratios (Summary)
• Inventory Turnover
• Receivables Turnover
• Payables Turnover
• Working Capital Turnover
• Average Inventory Processing Period
• Average Receivable Collection Period
• Operating Cycle
• Average Payables Payment Period
• Cash Conversion Cycle

Balance Sheet: Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity

The liabilities and stockholders’ equity reports major classes and amounts of external claims on assets and owners’ capital contributions, and other internally generated sources of capital.

Aggregate Accruals

Financial reporting quality relates to the accuracy with which Costco Wholesale Corp. reported financial statements reflect its operating performance and to their usefulness for forecasting future cash flows.
Aggregate accruals deriving measures of the accrual component of Costco Wholesale Corp. earnings.

• Balance-Sheet-Based Accruals Ratio
• Cash-Flow-Statement-Based Accruals Ratio

Analysis of Profitability Ratios

Measures the income of Costco Wholesale Corp. relative to its revenues and invested capital.

• Profitability Ratios (Summary)
• Gross Profit Margin
• Operating Profit Margin
• Net Profit Margin
• Return on Equity (ROE)
• Return on Assets (ROA)

Analysis of Long-term (Investment) Activity Ratios
Quarterly Data

Measures how efficiently Costco Wholesale Corp. generates revenues from its investments in fixed or total assets.

• Long-term Activity Ratios (Summary)
• Net Fixed Asset Turnover
• Total Asset Turnover
• Equity Turnover

Common Stock Valuation Ratios

Relative valuation technique determine the value of Costco Wholesale Corp. by comparing it to similar entities (like industry or sector) on the basis of several relative ratios that compare its stock price to relevant variables that affect the stock value, such as earnings, book value, and sales.

• Current Valuation Ratios
• Historical Valuation Ratios (Summary)
• Price to Earnings (P/E)
• Price to Operating Profit (P/OP)
• Price to Sales (P/S)
• Price to Book Value (P/BV)

Enterprise Value (EV)

Enterprise value is total company value (the market value of common equity, debt, and preferred equity) minus the value of cash and short-term investments.

• Current EV
• Historical EV

Enterprise Value to EBITDA (EV/EBITDA)

To calculate EBITDA analysts start with net earnings. To that earnings number, interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization are added. EBITDA as a pre-interest number is a flow to all providers of capital.

• Earnings before Interest, Tax, Depreciation and Amortization (EBITDA)
• EV to EBITDA Ratio, Current
• EV to EBITDA Ratio, Historical