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Analysis of Profitability Ratios
Beginner level
Profitability ratios measure the company’s ability to generate profitable sales from its resources (assets).
Profitability Ratios (Summary)
Linde plc, profitability ratios
Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2020-03-02), 10-K (filing date: 2019-03-18), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-28), 10-K (filing date: 2017-03-01), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-24).
| Profitability ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| Gross profit margin | Gross profit margin indicates the percentage of revenue available to cover operating and other expenditures. | Linde plc’s gross profit margin ratio deteriorated from 2017 to 2018 but then slightly improved from 2018 to 2019. |
| Operating profit margin | A profitability ratio calculated as operating income divided by revenue. | Linde plc’s operating profit margin ratio improved from 2017 to 2018 but then deteriorated significantly from 2018 to 2019. |
| Net profit margin | An indicator of profitability, calculated as net income divided by revenue. | Linde plc’s net profit margin ratio improved from 2017 to 2018 but then deteriorated significantly from 2018 to 2019. |
| Profitability ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| ROE | A profitability ratio calculated as net income divided by shareholders’ equity. | Linde plc’s ROE deteriorated from 2017 to 2018 and from 2018 to 2019. |
| ROA | A profitability ratio calculated as net income divided by total assets. | Linde plc’s ROA deteriorated from 2017 to 2018 and from 2018 to 2019. |
Gross Profit Margin
Linde plc, gross profit margin calculation, comparison to benchmarks
| Dec 31, 2019 | Dec 31, 2018 | Dec 31, 2017 | Dec 31, 2016 | Dec 31, 2015 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions) | ||||||
| Gross margin | ||||||
| Sales | ||||||
| Profitability Ratio | ||||||
| Gross profit margin1 | ||||||
| Benchmarks | ||||||
| Gross Profit Margin, Competitors2 | ||||||
| Air Products & Chemicals Inc. | ||||||
| Ecolab Inc. | ||||||
Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2020-03-02), 10-K (filing date: 2019-03-18), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-28), 10-K (filing date: 2017-03-01), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-24).
1 2019 Calculation
Gross profit margin = 100 × Gross margin ÷ Sales
= 100 × ÷ =
2 Click competitor name to see calculations.
| Profitability ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| Gross profit margin | Gross profit margin indicates the percentage of revenue available to cover operating and other expenditures. | Linde plc’s gross profit margin ratio deteriorated from 2017 to 2018 but then slightly improved from 2018 to 2019. |
Operating Profit Margin
Linde plc, operating profit margin calculation, comparison to benchmarks
| Dec 31, 2019 | Dec 31, 2018 | Dec 31, 2017 | Dec 31, 2016 | Dec 31, 2015 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions) | ||||||
| Operating profit | ||||||
| Sales | ||||||
| Profitability Ratio | ||||||
| Operating profit margin1 | ||||||
| Benchmarks | ||||||
| Operating Profit Margin, Competitors2 | ||||||
| Air Products & Chemicals Inc. | ||||||
| Ecolab Inc. | ||||||
| Operating Profit Margin, Sector | ||||||
| Chemicals | ||||||
| Operating Profit Margin, Industry | ||||||
| Basic Materials | ||||||
Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2020-03-02), 10-K (filing date: 2019-03-18), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-28), 10-K (filing date: 2017-03-01), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-24).
1 2019 Calculation
Operating profit margin = 100 × Operating profit ÷ Sales
= 100 × ÷ =
2 Click competitor name to see calculations.
| Profitability ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| Operating profit margin | A profitability ratio calculated as operating income divided by revenue. | Linde plc’s operating profit margin ratio improved from 2017 to 2018 but then deteriorated significantly from 2018 to 2019. |
Net Profit Margin
Linde plc, net profit margin calculation, comparison to benchmarks
| Dec 31, 2019 | Dec 31, 2018 | Dec 31, 2017 | Dec 31, 2016 | Dec 31, 2015 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions) | ||||||
| Net income, Linde plc | ||||||
| Sales | ||||||
| Profitability Ratio | ||||||
| Net profit margin1 | ||||||
| Benchmarks | ||||||
| Net Profit Margin, Competitors2 | ||||||
| Air Products & Chemicals Inc. | ||||||
| Ecolab Inc. | ||||||
| Net Profit Margin, Sector | ||||||
| Chemicals | ||||||
| Net Profit Margin, Industry | ||||||
| Basic Materials | ||||||
Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2020-03-02), 10-K (filing date: 2019-03-18), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-28), 10-K (filing date: 2017-03-01), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-24).
1 2019 Calculation
Net profit margin = 100 × Net income, Linde plc ÷ Sales
= 100 × ÷ =
2 Click competitor name to see calculations.
| Profitability ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| Net profit margin | An indicator of profitability, calculated as net income divided by revenue. | Linde plc’s net profit margin ratio improved from 2017 to 2018 but then deteriorated significantly from 2018 to 2019. |
Return on Equity (ROE)
Linde plc, ROE calculation, comparison to benchmarks
| Dec 31, 2019 | Dec 31, 2018 | Dec 31, 2017 | Dec 31, 2016 | Dec 31, 2015 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions) | ||||||
| Net income, Linde plc | ||||||
| Total Linde plc shareholders’ equity | ||||||
| Profitability Ratio | ||||||
| ROE1 | ||||||
| Benchmarks | ||||||
| ROE, Competitors2 | ||||||
| Air Products & Chemicals Inc. | ||||||
| Ecolab Inc. | ||||||
| ROE, Sector | ||||||
| Chemicals | ||||||
| ROE, Industry | ||||||
| Basic Materials | ||||||
Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2020-03-02), 10-K (filing date: 2019-03-18), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-28), 10-K (filing date: 2017-03-01), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-24).
1 2019 Calculation
ROE = 100 × Net income, Linde plc ÷ Total Linde plc shareholders’ equity
= 100 × ÷ =
2 Click competitor name to see calculations.
| Profitability ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| ROE | A profitability ratio calculated as net income divided by shareholders’ equity. | Linde plc’s ROE deteriorated from 2017 to 2018 and from 2018 to 2019. |
Return on Assets (ROA)
Linde plc, ROA calculation, comparison to benchmarks
| Dec 31, 2019 | Dec 31, 2018 | Dec 31, 2017 | Dec 31, 2016 | Dec 31, 2015 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions) | ||||||
| Net income, Linde plc | ||||||
| Total assets | ||||||
| Profitability Ratio | ||||||
| ROA1 | ||||||
| Benchmarks | ||||||
| ROA, Competitors2 | ||||||
| Air Products & Chemicals Inc. | ||||||
| Ecolab Inc. | ||||||
| ROA, Sector | ||||||
| Chemicals | ||||||
| ROA, Industry | ||||||
| Basic Materials | ||||||
Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2020-03-02), 10-K (filing date: 2019-03-18), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-28), 10-K (filing date: 2017-03-01), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-24).
1 2019 Calculation
ROA = 100 × Net income, Linde plc ÷ Total assets
= 100 × ÷ =
2 Click competitor name to see calculations.
| Profitability ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| ROA | A profitability ratio calculated as net income divided by total assets. | Linde plc’s ROA deteriorated from 2017 to 2018 and from 2018 to 2019. |